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Network (Russia)
“Network” («Сеть») was allegedly an anti-government anarchist organization active in Russia in 2015–2017. Its alleged "members" were arrested in 2017 and sentenced on February 10, 2020 by the Russian military court in Penza to prison terms from 6 to 18 years. * Dmitri Pchelintsev — sentenced to 18 years in maximum security prison. * Ilya Shakursky — sentenced to 16 years in maximum security prison and a fine of 50,000 roubles (about $700). * Andrew Chernov — sentenced to 14 years in maximum security prison. * Maxim Ivankin — sentenced to 13 years in maximum security prison. * Mikhail Kulkov — sentenced to 10 years in maximum security prison. * Vasiliy Kuksov — sentenced to 9 years in prison. * Arman Sagynbaev — sentenced to 6 years in prison. The case of “Network” caused a wide condemnation in Russia, with many protesting against the trials and sentencing. Andrei Kolesnikov from the Carnegie Moscow Center The Carnegie Moscow Center () was a Mosc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eighth of Earth's inhabitable landmass. Russia extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones and shares Borders of Russia, land boundaries with fourteen countries, more than List of countries and territories by land borders, any other country but China. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, world's ninth-most populous country and List of European countries by population, Europe's most populous country, with a population of 146 million people. The country's capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city is Moscow, the List of European cities by population within city limits, largest city entirely within E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penza
Penza ( rus, Пе́нза, p=ˈpʲɛnzə) is the largest city and administrative center of Penza Oblast, Russia. It is located on the Sura River, southeast of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, Penza had a population of 517,311, making it the 38th-largest city in Russia. Etymology The city name is a hydronym and means in mdf, Пенза, Penza, end of swampy river () from ''pen'' 'end of (Genetive)' and ''sa(ra)'' 'swampy river' Geography Urban layout This central quarter occupies the territory on which the wooden fortress Penza was once located, therefore it is sometimes called the Serf. The architectural concept of the old fortress, erected on the eastern slope of the mountain above the river, predetermined the direction of the first streets. The direction and location of the first streets were set by the passage towers of the fortress and the orientation of its walls. This is how the first six streets of the city were formed. Subsequently, the names were fixed to them: Govern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rouble
The ruble (American English) or rouble (Commonwealth English) (; rus, рубль, p=rublʲ) is the currency unit of Belarus and Russia. Historically, it was the currency of the Russian Empire and of the Soviet Union. , currencies named ''ruble'' in circulation include the Belarusian ruble (BYN, Rbl) in Belarus and the Russian ruble (RUB, ₽) in Russia. Additionally, the Transnistrian ruble is used in Transnistria, an unrecognized breakaway province of Moldova. These currencies are subdivided into one hundred kopeks. No kopek is currently formally subdivided, although ''denga'' (½ kopek) and ''polushka'' (½ denga, thus ¼ kopek) were minted until the 19th century. Historically, the grivna, ruble and denga were used in Russia as measurements of weight. In 1704, as a result of monetary reforms by Peter the Great, the ruble became the first decimal currency. The silver ruble was used until 1897 and the gold ruble was used until 1917. The Soviet ruble officially replaced t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carnegie Moscow Center
The Carnegie Moscow Center () was a Moscow-based think tank that focuses on domestic and foreign policy. It was established in 1994 as a regional affiliate of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. It was the number one think tank in Central and Eastern Europe and the 26th top think tank in the world, according to the University of Pennsylvania’s 2014 Global Go To Think Tank Index. In April 2022, the Carnegie Moscow Center was forced to close at the direction of the Russian government. Controversies According to American journalist James Kirchick, the Carnegie Moscow Center was one of the leading "Western" think tanks in the field of Russian research, but the situation changed after the 2012 Russian presidential election, when Vladimir Putin became the president of Russia again. In January 2013, Putin's critic and the then chair of the think tank's Society and Regions Program, , left the center after the cancellation of his program. Petrov said that the decision to c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Show Trial
A show trial is a public trial in which the judicial authorities have already determined the guilt or innocence of the defendant. The actual trial has as its only goal the presentation of both the accusation and the verdict to the public so they will serve as both an impressive example and a warning to other would-be dissidents or transgressors. Show trials tend to be retributive rather than corrective and they are also conducted for propagandistic purposes. When aimed at individuals on the basis of protected classes or characteristics, such trials are examples of political persecution. The term was first recorded in 1928. China During the Land Reform Movement, between 1 and 2 million landlords were executed as counterrevolutionaries during the early years of Communist China. After the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, show trials were given to "rioters and counter-revolutionaries" involved in the protests and the subsequent military massacre. Chinese Nobel Peace ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amnesty International
Amnesty International (also referred to as Amnesty or AI) is an international non-governmental organization focused on human rights, with its headquarters in the United Kingdom. The organization says it has more than ten million members and supporters around the world. The stated mission of the organization is to campaign for "a world in which every person enjoys all of the human rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights instruments." The organization has played a notable role on human rights issues due to its frequent citation in media and by world leaders. AI was founded in London in 1961 by the lawyer Peter Benenson. Its original focus was prisoners of conscience, with its remit widening in the 1970s, under the leadership of Seán MacBride and Martin Ennals to include miscarriages of justice and torture. In 1977, it was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. In the 1980s, its secretary general was Thomas Hammarberg, succeeded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Security Service
The Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation (FSB) RF; rus, Федеральная служба безопасности Российской Федерации (ФСБ России), Federal'naya sluzhba bezopasnosti Rossiyskoy Federatsii, fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnəjə ˈsluʐbə bʲɪzɐˈpasnəstʲɪ rɐˈsʲijskəj fʲɪdʲɪˈratsɨɪ) is the principal security agency of Russia and the main successor agency to the Soviet Union's KGB; its immediate predecessor was the Federal Counterintelligence Service (FSK) which was reorganized into the FSB in 1995. The three major structural successor components of the former KGB that remain administratively independent of the FSB are the Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR), the Federal Protective Service (FSO), and the Main Directorate of Special Programs of the President of the Russian Federation (GUSP). The primary responsibilities are within the country and include counter-intelligence, internal and border security, counter-terr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Memorial (society)
Memorial ( rus, Мемориал, p=mʲɪmərʲɪˈaɫ) is an international human rights organisation, founded in Russia during the fall of the Soviet Union to study and examine the Human rights in the Soviet Union, human rights violations and other crimes committed under Joseph Stalin's reign. Prior to its dissolution in Russia, it consisted of two separate legal entities, Memorial International, whose purpose was the recording of the crimes against humanity committed in the Soviet Union, particularly during the Stalinist era, and the Memorial Human Rights Centre, which focused on the human rights defender, protection of human rights, especially in conflict zones in and around modern Russia. A movement rather than a centralized organization, as of December 2021 Memorial encompassed over 50 organisations in Russia and 11 in other countries, including Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Germany, Italy, Belgium and France. Although the focus of affiliated groups differs from region to region, they ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arkhangelsk FSB Office Bombing
The Arkhangelsk FSB office bombing was a suicide bombing that occurred in Arkhangelsk, Russia. On the morning of 31 October 2018, Mikhail Vasilievich Zhlobitsky, a 17-year old tekhnikum student entered the local office of the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB) and pulled a manually controlled Improvised explosive device from under his clothes and detonated it. He died on the spot and the explosion injured three local FSB officers. Motive Minutes before the explosion, a post was submitted to an anarcho-communist themed online chat on Telegram by a user under the alias "Sergey Nechayev" who used the logo of the Red Army Faction as his avatar, stating he was going to bomb the Arkhangelsk FSB office in retaliation against the torture of Russian anarchists and anti-fascists. Mikhail was reported as saying in the chat room, “I’m waiting until I’m 18 years old so I’m responsible for my actions, not my parents. I don’t know what you all are waiting for,”. See also *Net ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Self-Defense (Russia)
The People's Self-Defense (russian: Народная самооборона; ''Narodnaya samooborona'') is a Russian anarchist organisation. The organization emerged in 2013 as a result of the split of Autonomous Action, the largest Russian anarchist organization at the time. At the beginning it was called Autonomous Action (Social Revolutionary) (AD-SR; russian: Автономное действие (социал-революционное); АД-СР; ''Avtonomnoye deystviye (sotsial-revolyutsionnoye)'', ''AD-SR''), and in 2015 it was renamed "People's Self-Defense". One of its leaders was Svyatoslav Rechkalov. The organization positions itself as a "non-partisan socio-political organization" and an anarchist media platform that publishes articles on anarchism and news about actions. She was also involved in the protection of residents of the evicted hostels, the fight against employers who do not pay salaries to workers. Members of the organization were on duty in the apartmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azat Miftakhov
Azat Fanisovich Miftakhov ( tt-Cyrl, Азат Фәнис улы Мифтахов, russian: Азат Фанисович Мифтахов; b. 1993) is a Tatar-Russian mathematician, convicted for acts of hooliganism against the United Russia ruling party. Early life and education Miftakhov was born on 22 March 1993 in Nizhnekamsk, in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. He showed an interest in Mathematics from an early age, while still in primary school. In 2010, he participated in the All-Russian Mathematical Olympiad for school children. Mathematical work Miftakhov, in 2009, enrolled in the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics of Moscow State University and graduated from it in 2015. From 2015 he was a postgraduate student at the Department of Theory of Functions and Functional Analysis of Mechanics, working for his PhD with Dr , MSU professor, as his supervisor. Activism, arrests, and trial Miftakhov, a "self-described anarchist," was arrested on 1 February 2019, after law e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Repression In Russia
Politics (from , ) is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. It may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and nonviolent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but also often carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or limitedly, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other political subjects, making laws, and exercising internal and external force, including w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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