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Neshan-e Aqdas
The Nishan-e Aqdas (''Imperial Order'' or ''Most Sacred Order'') was an Imperial Iranian Order founded in 1870 by the Qajar Shah of Iran Nassereddin. There were three classes, with two different styles for Iranians (''Sardar'') and foreigners (''Nishan''). The Order was dissolved upon the collapse of the Qajar dynasty. The three classes were: * Aqdas (''Most Sacred'', 1st class) * Qods (''Very Sacred'', 2nd class) * Moqaddas (''Sacred'', 3rd class) Recipients * Ahmad Shah Qajar * Amanullah Khan * Edward VII * Khazʽal Ibn Jabir * Kamran Mirza Nayeb es-Saltaneh * Malek Mansur Mirza Shoa O-Saltaneh * Mass'oud Mirza Zell-e Soltan * Officers ** Reza Khan Mirpanj, ''Sardar-e-Aqdas'' ** Sheikh Khaz'al Khan, ''Sardar-e-Aqdas'' See also *Aryamehr *Order of the Lion and the Sun * Order of Aftab * Order of Zolfaghar The Order of Zolfaghar ( fa, نشان ذوالفقار, Neshan-e Zolfaghar) is the highest military honour of Iran. The Order was established in 1856 as the Decorat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmad Shah Qajar
Ahmad Shah Qajar ( fa, احمد شاه قاجار; 21 January 1898 – 21 February 1930) was Shah of Persia (Iran) from 16 July 1909 to 15 December 1925, and the last ruling member of the Qajar dynasty. Ahmad Shah was born in Tabriz on 21 January 1898 and ascended to the throne at the age of 12 after the removal of his father Mohammad-Ali Shah by the Parliament on 16 July 1909. Due to his young age, his uncle, Ali-Reza Khan, took charge of his affairs as Regent. Upon reaching his majority Ahmad Shah was formally crowned on 21 July 1914. Reign On 16 July 1909, Mohammad Ali Shah was overthrown by rebels seeking to restore the 1906 Constitution. The rebels then convened the Grand Majles of 500 delegates from different backgrounds, which placed Ahmad Shah, Mohammad Ali's eleven-year-old son, on the Sun Throne. The Grand Majlis enacted many reforms. They abolished class representation and created five new seats in the Majlis for minorities: two seats for Armenians, and one sea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aryamehr
Aryamehr ( fa, آریامهر, Âryâmehr, ) was the title used in the Pahlavi dynasty by Shahanshah Mohammad Reza Shah of Iran. It means ''Light of the Aryans''. History ''Aryamehr'' was granted as a secondary title by a session of the joint Houses of Parliament (''Majles'') on 15 September 1965 to Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran (reigning since he took the oath at the Majles on 17 September 1941), before his coronation at Teheran, 26 October 1967. the Pahlavis used it as an idealization of pre-Islamic Iran and foundation for anticlerical monarchism, while the clerics used it to exalt "''Iranian values''" vis-á-vis Westernization. Demonstrating affinity with Orientalist views of the alleged "supremacy" of the '' Aryan peoples'' and the "mediocrity" of the ''Semitic peoples'', Iranian nationalist discourse idealized pre-Islamic Achaemenid and Sassanid empires, whilst negating the 'Islamization' of Persia during Islamic Caliphate era. The Shah's critics ridiculed th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reza Khan Mirpanj
Reza Shah Pahlavi ( fa, رضا شاه پهلوی; ; originally Reza Khan (); 15 March 1878 – 26 July 1944) was an Iranian Officer (armed forces), military officer, politician (who served as Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics (Iran), minister of war and Prime Minister of Iran, prime minister), and first shah of the Pahlavi dynasty, House of Pahlavi of the Pahlavi Iran, Imperial State of Iran and father of the Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, last shah of Iran. He reigned from 15 December 1925 until he was forced to abdication, abdicate by the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran on 16 September 1941. Reza Shah introduced many social, economic, and political reforms during his reign, ultimately laying the foundation of the modern Iranian state. Therefore, he is regarded as the founder of modern Iran. At the age of 14 he joined the Persian Cossack Brigade, Iranian Cossack Brigade, and also served in the army. In 1911, he was promoted to first lieutenant, by 1912 he was elevated to the r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mass'oud Mirza Zell-e Soltan
Mass'oud Mirza Zell-e Soltan ( fa, مسعود میرزا ظلالسلطان, "Mass'oud Mirza the Sultan's Shadow"; 5 January 1850 in Tabriz – 2 July 1918 in Isfahan), or Massud Mirza, was a Persian prince of the Qajar dynasty; he was known as the "Yamin-al-Dowleh" ("Right Hand of the Government"). He was posted as the governor of Isfahan for over 35 years, and the governor of Mazandaran, Fars Province, Fars, and Isfahan for a total of 40 years. Early life He was the eldest son of Nasser-al-Din Shah and Effat-od-Dowleh, and the brother of Kamran Mirza Nayeb es-Saltaneh and of Mozzafar al-Din Shah, Mozzafar-al-Din Mirza (who eventually became Mozzafar-al-Din Shah), but Mas'oud Mirza could not ascend the throne because his mother not from the Qajar dynasty's family group. At the age of thirteen he was appointed the governor of Mazandaran, Turkman Sahra, Semnan, and Damghan for four years. Later life He was governor of Isfahan Province, Esfahan from 1872 to 1907 and governor of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malek Mansur Mirza Shoa O-Saltaneh
Prince Malek Mansur Mirza (1880–1922) Iranian prince of Qajar dynasty, was Mozaffar al-Din Shah Qajar, Mozaffar al-Din Shah's second son, brother of Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar, Abul-fat'h Mirza Salar-ed-Dowleh and Abul-Fazl Mirza. He was born at Tabriz, 30 March 1880 and educated by private tutors. He was governor of 1897, Governor-General of Fars 1901–1902 and 1904. He received the Decoration of the Imperial Portrait, the Neshan-e Aqdas 2nd class and Order of the Lion and the Sun 1st class from his father. He died at Tehran, 6 November 1922. He is the progenitor of ''Malek-Mansur'' Family. Honours * Order of the Royal Portrait (Temsal-e-Homayoun) of Persia * 2nd Class of the Neshan-e Aqdas, Order of Neshan-e Aqdas of Persia * 1st Class of the Order of the Lion and the Sun of Persia * 1st class of the Order of the Crown (Iran), Order of the Crown of Persia * Grand cross of the Order of Leopold (Austria), Order of Leopold of Austria * Exalted Order of Honour (Nishan-i-Ali-Imtiaz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kamran Mirza Nayeb Es-Saltaneh
Kamran Mirza ( fa, کامران ميرزا; July 22, 1856 – April 15, 1929), was a Persian Prince of Qajar dynasty and third surviving son of Nasser al-Din Shah. He was the brother of Mass'oud Mirza Zell-e Soltan and Mozzafar al-Din Shah. He was also the progenitor of the Kamrani Family. He might have been Prime minister of Iran for a few days in April–May 1909, but this is not clearly referenced. Kamran Mirza also served as Iran's Commander-in-Chief, appointed in 1868 for the first time, and minister of war from 1880 to 1896 and from 1906 to 1907. on Biography Kamran Mirza Nayeb es-Saltaneh, born ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khazʽal Ibn Jabir
Khazal bin Jabir bin Merdaw al-Kabi ( ar, خزعل بن جابر بن مرداو الكعبي، fa, شیخ خزعل) (18 August 1863 – 24 May 1936), ''Muaz us-Sultana'', and ''Sardar-e- Aqdas'' (''Most Sacred Officer of the Imperial Order of the Aqdas''), was the Ruler of Arabistan, the Sheikh of Mohammerah from the Kasebite clan of the Banu Ka'b, of which he was the Sheikh of Sheikhs, the Overlord of the Mehaisan tribal confederation and the Ruler of the Shatt al-Arab. Historical background On 2 June 1897, Khaz'al inherited the Emirate of Mohammerah. The emirate, although within the Persian Empire, was autonomous and allowed to conduct its own affairs. Although never a part of the British Empire, the Persian Gulf had been effectively incorporated into the British imperial system since the early 19th century. The conclusion of treaties and agreements with the region's various tribal rulers was one of the central means by which Britain enforced its hegemonic presence, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward VII
Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India, from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910. The second child and eldest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, and nicknamed "Bertie", Edward was related to royalty throughout Europe. He was Prince of Wales and heir apparent to the British throne for almost 60 years. During the long reign of his mother, he was largely excluded from political influence and came to personify the fashionable, leisured elite. He travelled throughout Britain performing ceremonial public duties and represented Britain on visits abroad. His tours of North America in 1860 and of the Indian subcontinent in 1875 proved popular successes, but despite public approval, his reputation as a playboy prince soured his relationship with his mother. As king, Edward played a role in the modernisation of the British Home Fleet and the reorganis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amanullah Khan
Ghazi Amanullah Khan (Pashto and Dari: ; 1 June 1892 – 25 April 1960) was the sovereign of Afghanistan from 1919, first as Emir and after 1926 as King, until his abdication in 1929. After the end of the Third Anglo-Afghan War in August 1919, Afghanistan was able to relinquish its protected state status to proclaim independence and pursue an independent foreign policy free from the influence of the United Kingdom. His rule was marked by dramatic political and social change, including attempts to modernise Afghanistan along Western lines. He did not fully succeed in achieving this objective due to an uprising by Habibullah Kalakani and his followers. On 14 January 1929, Amanullah abdicated and fled to neighbouring British India as the Afghan Civil War began to escalate. From British India, he went to Europe, where after 30 years in exile, he died in Italy, in 1960 (yet apparently and reportedly according to the ''Encyclopaedia Britannica'', Amanullah died in Zürich in Switz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nasser-al-Din Shah
Naser al-Din Shah Qajar ( fa, ناصرالدینشاه قاجار; 16 July 1831 – 1 May 1896) was the fourth Shah of Qajar Iran from 5 September 1848 to 1 May 1896 when he was assassinated. He was the son of Mohammad Shah Qajar and Malek Jahan Khanom and the third longest reigning monarch in Iranian history after Shapur II of the Sassanid dynasty and Tahmasp I of the Safavid dynasty. Nasser al-Din Shah had sovereign power for close to 51 years. He was the first modern Persian monarch who formally visited Europe and wrote of his travels in his memoirs. A modernist, he allowed the establishment of newspapers in the country and made use of modern forms of technology such as telegraphs, photography and also planned concessions for railways and irrigation works. Despite his modernizing reforms on education, his tax reforms were abused by people in power, and the government was viewed as corrupt and unable to protect commoners from abuse by the upper class which led to increasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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