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Nepal Bhasa Renaissance
Nepal Bhasa renaissance (Nepal Bhasa: नेपालभाषा पुनर्जागरण) was the movement to revive and modernize the Nepal Bhasa language during the period 1909 to 1941. The movement was spontaneous and not orchestrated. However, the sum total of activities conducted during this era had a profound impact on the overall course of the language development.Title:नेपालभाषा साहित्यया इतिहास, Author:प्रेमशान्ति तुलाधर, Nepalbhasa Academy publications Factors and influences Many factors had an impact in the Nepal Bhasa renaissance, including: * the repression of Nepal Bhasa and its banning from official use by the Rana dynasty, Rana regime; * the first generation of modern Nepalese scholars' attempts to modernize the Nepal Bhasa language; * Hindu reform movements, Hindu and History of Buddhism in India#Revival of Buddhism in India, Buddhist literary movements in India and Nepal; * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Dharmodaya
''Dharmodaya'' () was a monthly magazine in Nepal Bhasa on Theravada Buddhism. It was launched from Kalimpong, India, in 1947 to counter the ban on publication in Nepal. ''Dharmodaya'' was published by Dharmodaya Sabha, an organization formed in Sarnath by Buddhist monks who had been expelled from Nepal in 1944 for promoting Buddhism and writing in Nepal Bhasa. The monthly was published on behalf of Dharmodaya Sabha by Maniharsha Jyoti Kansakar, a Nepalese trader and main benefactor to the monks in exile Exile or banishment is primarily penal expulsion from one's native country, and secondarily expatriation or prolonged absence from one's homeland under either the compulsion of circumstance or the rigors of some high purpose. Usually persons .... The first editors were monks Aniruddha Mahathera and Mahanam Kobid. The magazine had a major effect on standardizing the language. In 1959 ''Dharmodaya'' ceased publication. See also * Buddha Dharma wa Nepal Bhasa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Buddha Dharma Wa Nepal Bhasa (magazine)
''Buddha Dharma wa Nepāl Bhāsā'' () was the first magazine published in Nepal Bhasa. It was launched in 1925 in Kolkata, India by Dharmaditya Dharmacharya. The inaugural issue was released on the festival commemorating the anniversary of Lord Buddha's Birth, Enlightenment and Nibbana. The magazine was known as ''Buddha Dharma'' until 1927. History Dharmaditya Dharmacharya (1902-1963), born Jagat Man Vaidya in Lalitpur, worked towards the revival of Theravada Buddhism in Nepal and the development of Nepal Bhasa journalism. Government suppression of Buddhism and Nepal Bhasa in Nepal led Dharmaditya to continue his efforts from Kolkata, where he had originally gone to pursue his studies. Articles As part of the efforts to spread the word of the Buddha according to Theravada, Dharmaditya published articles in Nepal Bhasa, Hindi, Bengali and English across various magazines, emphasizing the importance of Buddhism in Nepal. In 1925, he launched ''Buddha Dharma,'' which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nepal Bhasa Journalism
Nepal Bhasa journalism began in 1925 with the publication of the magazine '' Buddha Dharma wa Nepal Bhasa'' (Devanagari: बुद्ध धर्म व नॆपाल भाषा). It was the first magazine to be published in Nepal Bhasa. It was published from Kolkata, India by Dharmaditya Dharmacharya. Magazines Newar, Newari, or Nepal Bhasa, is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken by the Newar people, the indigenous inhabitants of Nepal Mandala, the Kathmandu Valley and surrounding regions in Nepal. Although "Nepal Bhasa" literally means "Nepalese language", the language is not the same as Nepali (Devanāgarī: नेपाली), the country's current official language. Dharmacharya (1902-1963) was the first Nepal Bhasa journalist. He served as editor and also wrote many of the articles in ''Buddha Dharma wo Nepal Bhasa''. It was published in India instead of Nepal as the Rana dynasty disapproved of any attempt to promote either the religion or the language. Originally named ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nepal Bhasa Literature
The Newar language of Nepal has the fourth oldest literature tradition among the Sino-Tibetan languages (after Chinese, Tibetan and Burmese). The earliest known document in Newar is called "The Palmleaf from Uku Bahal" which dates from 1114 during the Thakuri period. The earliest dated stone inscription in Nepal Bhasa is dated Nepal Sambat 293 (1173 AD). From the 14th century onwards, an overwhelming number of stone inscriptions in the Kathmandu Valley, where they are an ubiquitous element at heritage sites, are in Nepal Bhasa. The first books appeared in the 14th century. * ''Haramekhalā'' (Devanagari, Devanāgarī: हरमेखला, a medical manual written in 1374 * ''Nāradsmṛti'' (नारदस्मृति) a law book written in 1380 * ''Amarkośa'' (अमरकोश), a Sanskrit-Newari dictionary written in 1381 * ''Gopālarāja Vaṃśāvalī'' (गोपालराज वंशावली), a history of Nepal written in 1389 The first story book is ''Ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nepal Alphabets
Newari scripts (Pracalit script, Nepal Lipi: 𑐣𑐾𑐥𑐵𑐮 𑐁𑐏𑐮, Devanagari: नेपाल आखल) are a family of alphabetic writing systems employed historically in Nepal Mandala by the indigenous Newar people for primarily writing Newar language, Nepal Bhasa. It is also used for transcribing Sanskrit and Pali. There are also some claims they have also been used to write the Parbatiya (Khas) language. These scripts were in widespread use from the 10th to the early 20th-century, but have since been largely supplanted by the modern script known as Devanagari. Of the older scripts, about 50,000 manuscripts written in Nepal Lipi have been archived. History Pre development Prior to development of Nepal Scripts, people in the Nepal Mandala used the following scripts which are shared within the South Asian region.Shakyavansha, Hemraj (1993, eighth edition). ''Nepalese Alphabet.'' Kathmandu: Mandas Lumanti Prakashan. * Brahmi script, Brāhmī script – Ashoka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nepal Bhasa Movement
Nepal Bhasa movement ( Newar: नेपालभाषा आन्दोलन) refers to the struggle for linguistic rights by Newar speakers in Nepal in the face of opposition from the government and hostile neighbors. The campaign aims to increase the use of Nepal Bhasa in the home, education, government and business. Despite a high level of development, Newar culture and language are both under threat. Newars have been fighting to save their language from the time of the repressive Rana regime until today, and activists have been jailed, exiled and tortured. Page 75. Opponents have even petitioned the Supreme Court to have its use barred. The history of Nepal Bhasa since the late 18th century has been marked by constant struggle against state repression and a hostile environment. The movement arose against the suppression of the language by the state that began with the rise of the Shah dynasty in 1768 AD, and intensified during the Rana regime (1846–1951) and Panchay ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Chittadhar Hridaya
Chittadhar Hridaya (; born Chittadhar Tuladhar; 19 May 1906 – 9 June 1982) was a Nepalese poet. He is regarded as one of the greatest literary figures from Nepal in the 20th century. The title of Kavi Keshari (Lion among Poets) was conferred on him by King Mahendra of Nepal in 1956. He wrote primarily in Nepal Bhasa but has created works in Nepali and Hindi too. Hridaya dedicated his life to serving his mother tongue, rejecting a flourishing ancestral business and suffering imprisonment by an autocratic government. In 1941, he was jailed for five years by the Rana regime for writing a poem in Nepal Bhasa in a crackdown against the language. Early life Hridaya was born Chittadhar Tuladhar at Nyata Tunchhen (Nepal Bhasa: ) in Kathmandu to a family of hereditary Lhasa Newar traders. His father was Drabya Dhar Tuladhar and his mother was Gyan Laxmi Tuladhar. His sister Moti Laxmi Upasika was also a writer. The family owned a business house in Lhasa, Tibet. Hridaya did not jo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sugata Saurabha (epic)
''Sugata Saurabha'' () is an epic poem in Nepal Bhasa by Chittadhar Hridaya (1906 – 1982), one of the greatest literary figures from Nepal in the 20th century. ''Sugata Saurabha'', meaning “The Fragrant Life of the Buddha”, is based on the life story of Gautama Buddha. Written in jail ''Sugata Saurabha'' is Hridaya's greatest work which he composed while in prison from 1941 to 1945 in Kathmandu. He was given a six-year jail sentence for writing a poem in his mother tongue, which the autocratic Rana regime sought to suppress. Hridaya wrote ''Sugata Saurabha'' in secret in prison, and his sister Moti Laxmi Upasika would smuggle out the scraps of paper on which he had scribbled the verses when she brought him his food. The storyline ''Sugata Saurabha'' relates the Buddha's life from birth to enlightenment to death in 19 chapters. The life story is based on classical sources, but Hridaya has filled in details from the Nepalese sociocultural context where they are not menti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Aesop's Fables
Aesop's Fables, or the Aesopica, is a collection of fables credited to Aesop, a Slavery in ancient Greece, slave and storyteller who lived in ancient Greece between 620 and 564 Before the Common Era, BCE. Of varied and unclear origins, the stories associated with his name have descended to modern times through a number of sources and continue to be reinterpreted in different verbal Register (sociolinguistics), registers and in popular as well as artistic media. The fables were part of oral tradition and were not collected until about three centuries after Aesop's death. By that time, a variety of other stories, jokes and proverbs were being ascribed to him, although some of that material was from sources earlier than him or came from beyond the Greek cultural sphere. The process of inclusion has continued until the present, with some of the fables unrecorded before the Late Middle Ages and others arriving from outside Europe. The process is continuous and new stories are still b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ramayan
The ''Ramayana'' (; ), also known as ''Valmiki Ramayana'', as traditionally attributed to Valmiki, is a smriti text (also described as a Sanskrit epic) from ancient India, one of the two important epics of Hinduism known as the '' Itihasas'', the other being the ''Mahabharata''. The epic narrates the life of Rama, the seventh ''avatar'' of the Hindu deity Vishnu, who is a prince of Ayodhya in the kingdom of Kosala. The epic follows his fourteen-year exile to the forest urged by his father King Dasharatha, on the request of Rama's stepmother Kaikeyi; his travels across the forests in the Indian subcontinent with his wife Sita and brother Lakshmana; the kidnapping of Sita by Ravana, the king of Lanka, that resulted in bloodbath; and Rama's eventual return to Ayodhya along with Sita to be crowned as a king amidst jubilation and celebration. Scholarly estimates for the earliest stage of the text range from the 7th–5th to 5th–4th century BCE, and later stages extend up t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
