Negu Gorriak (album)
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Negu Gorriak (album)
Negu Gorriak (Basque for ''"Red Winters"'' or ''"Severe/Harsh Winters"'') were an underground Spanish group from the Basque Autonomous Community. Their musical style combines various styles such as hardcore punk, hip-hop, ska, and reggae, always linked to the band's political ideology and its identification with the Basque Country and its language ( Euskara). History Negu Gorriak was formed in 1990 by the brothers Fermin and Iñigo Muguruza with Kaki Arkarazo (former members of the band Kortatu). Later in 1990, Mikel Anestesia joined them and in 1991, Mikel Bap. This was the complete membership of the group until its dissolution in 1996. They were completely committed to the political movement, starting with their choice to sing only in Euskera and continuing through their way of work and the message in their songs. They decided to manage themselves and created the record label Esan Ozenki. They performed their first concert in front of Herrera de la Mancha maximum secur ...
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Gipuzkoa
Gipuzkoa (, , ; es, Guipúzcoa ; french: Guipuscoa) is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. Its capital city is Donostia-San Sebastián. Gipuzkoa shares borders with the French department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques at the northeast, with the province and autonomous community of Navarre at east, Biscay at west, Álava at southwest and the Bay of Biscay to its north. It is located at the easternmost extreme of the Cantabric Sea, in the Bay of Biscay. It has of coast land. With a total area of , Gipuzkoa is the smallest province of Spain. The province has 89 municipalities and a population of 720,592 inhabitants (2018), from which more than half live in the Donostia-San Sebastián metropolitan area. Apart from the capital, other important cities are Irun, Errenteria, Zarautz, Mondragón, Eibar, Hondarribia, Oñati, Tolosa, Beasain and Pasaia. The oceanic climate gives the province an intense green colour with littl ...
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Francoist Spain
Francoist Spain ( es, España franquista), or the Francoist dictatorship (), was the period of Spanish history between 1939 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title . After his death in 1975, Spain transitioned into a democracy. During this time period, Spain was officially known as the Spanish State (). The nature of the regime evolved and changed during its existence. Months after the start of the Spanish Civil War in July 1936, Franco emerged as the dominant rebel military leader and was proclaimed head of state on 1 October 1936, ruling a dictatorship over the territory controlled by the Nationalist faction. The 1937 Unification Decree, which merged all parties supporting the rebel side, led to Nationalist Spain becoming a single-party regime under the FET y de las JONS. The end of the war in 1939 brought the extension of the Franco rule to the whole country and the exile of Republican institutions. The Francoist dictatorshi ...
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Guardia Civil
The Civil Guard ( es, Guardia Civil, link=no; ) is the oldest law enforcement agency in Spain and is one of two national police forces. As a national gendarmerie force, it is military in nature and is responsible for civil policing under the authority of both the Ministry of the Interior and the Ministry of Defence. The role of the Ministry of Defence is limited except in times of war when the Ministry has exclusive authority. The corps is colloquially known as the ' (reputable). In annual surveys, it generally ranks as the national institution most valued by Spaniards, closely followed by other law enforcement agencies and the armed forces. It has both a regular national role and undertakes specific foreign peacekeeping missions and is part of the European Gendarmerie Force. As a national gendarmerie force, the Civil Guard was modelled on the French National Gendarmerie and has many similarities. As part of its daily duties, the Civil Guard patrols and investigates crimes in ...
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Herrera De La Mancha
Herrera may refer to: People *Herrera (surname) Places *Herrera, Entre Ríos, a village and municipality in Argentina *Herrera, Santiago del Estero, a village and municipality in Argentina *Enrique Olaya Herrera Airport, an airport in Medellín, Colombia *Herrera International Airport, a closed airport in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic *Los Herrera, a municipality in Nuevo León, Mexico *Herrera Province, a province in Panama *Herrera (corregimiento), Panama *Herrera (Asunción), a ''barrio'' of Asunción, Paraguay *La Herrera, a municipality in Castile-La Mancha, Spain *Herrera de Pisuerga, a municipality in Palencia, Spain *Herrera, Seville, a municipality in Andalusia, Spain * Herrera (Santurce), a sector of Santurce in San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States * Río Herrera, a river in Puerto Rico, United States * Los Herreras, a municipality in Durango, Mexico Other * ''Herrera'' (cicada), a genus See also *Herrerian The Herrerian style ( es, estilo herreriano or ' ...
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Basque Country (historical Territory)
The Basque Country ( eu, Euskal Herria; es, País Vasco; french: Pays basque) is the name given to the home of the Basque people. Trask, R.L. ''The History of Basque'' Routledge: 1997 The Basque country is located in the western Pyrenees, straddling the border between France and Spain on the coast of the Bay of Biscay. ''Euskal Herria'' is the oldest documented Basque name for the area they inhabit, dating from the 16th century. It comprises the Autonomous Communities of the Basque Country and Navarre in Spain and the Northern Basque Country in France. The region is home to the Basque people ( eu, Euskaldunak), their language ( eu, Euskara), culture and traditions. The area is neither linguistically nor culturally homogeneous, and certain areas have a majority of people who do not consider themselves Basque, such as the south of Navarre. The concept is still highly controversial, and the Supreme Court of Navarre has ruled against scholarly books that include the Navarre comm ...
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Hardcore Punk
Hardcore punk (also known as simply hardcore) is a punk rock music genre and subculture that originated in the late 1970s. It is generally faster, harder, and more aggressive than other forms of punk rock. Its roots can be traced to earlier punk scenes in San Francisco and Punk rock in California, Southern California which arose as a reaction against the still predominant History of the hippie movement, hippie cultural climate of the time. It was also inspired by Washington D.C. and New York City, New York punk rock and early proto-punk. Hardcore punk generally disavows commercialism, the established music industry and "anything similar to the characteristics of Rock music, mainstream rock" and often addresses social and political topics with "confrontational, politically-charged lyrics." Hardcore sprouted underground scenes across the United States in the early 1980s, particularly in Los Angeles, San Francisco, Washington, D.C. hardcore, Washington, D.C., Boston, and New York h ...
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Mikel Bap
Mikel is the Basque adaptation of the given name Michael. Notable people with the name include: Footballers * Mikel Alonso (born 1980), Spanish Basque footballer and older brother of retired Spanish international Xabi Alonso * Mikel Álvaro (born 1982), Spanish footballer * Mikel Amantegui (born 1979), Spanish footballer * Mikel Aranburu (born 1979), Spanish Basque retired footballer, who played for Real Sociedad * Mikel Arce (born 1984), Spanish footballer * Mikel Arteta (born 1982), retired Spanish Basque footballer, currently head coach at Arsenal F.C. * Mikel Arruabarrena (born 1983), Spanish Basque footballer * Mikel Balenziaga (born 1988), Spanish Basque footballer * Mikel Dañobeitia Martín (born 1986), Spanish footballer * Mikel González (born 1985), Spanish Basque footballer * Mikel John Obi (born 1987), Nigerian footballer * Mikel Kortina (born 1974), Spanish retired footballer * Mikel Labaka (born 1980), Spanish Basque footballer * Mikel Lasa (born 1971), Spanis ...
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Mikel Anestesia
Mikel is the Basque adaptation of the given name Michael. Notable people with the name include: Footballers * Mikel Alonso (born 1980), Spanish Basque footballer and older brother of retired Spanish international Xabi Alonso * Mikel Álvaro (born 1982), Spanish footballer * Mikel Amantegui (born 1979), Spanish footballer * Mikel Aranburu (born 1979), Spanish Basque retired footballer, who played for Real Sociedad * Mikel Arce (born 1984), Spanish footballer * Mikel Arteta (born 1982), retired Spanish Basque footballer, currently head coach at Arsenal F.C. * Mikel Arruabarrena (born 1983), Spanish Basque footballer * Mikel Balenziaga (born 1988), Spanish Basque footballer * Mikel Dañobeitia Martín (born 1986), Spanish footballer * Mikel González (born 1985), Spanish Basque footballer * Mikel John Obi (born 1987), Nigerian footballer * Mikel Kortina (born 1974), Spanish retired footballer * Mikel Labaka (born 1980), Spanish Basque footballer * Mikel Lasa (born 1971), Spanis ...
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Kaki Arkarazo
Kaki may refer to: People * Abubaker Kaki (born 1989), a Sudanese middle-distance runner * Kaki King (born 1979), a musician Places Iran * Kaki, Hormozgan, a village in Hormozgan Province * Kaki, Iran, a city in Bushehr Province * Kaki District, a district in Bushehr Province * Kaki Rural District, a rural district in Bushehr Province Other places * Kaki, French Polynesia, a village in northern Hao, in French Polynesia's Tuamotu Archipelago * KaKi, or Kaltenkirchen, a town in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany Other * KAKI (FM), a radio station (88.1 FM) licensed to serve Juneau, Alaska, United States * KBZU, a radio station (106.7 FM) licensed to serve Benton, Arkansas, United States, which held the call sign KAKI until 1992 * ''Kaki Klon Suphap'', a traditional Thai folk tale, and the main character, Lady Kaki ** ''Ka Kee'', a 1980 Thai fantasy film based on the story * Kaki, or Kaki fruit ''Diospyros kaki'', a fruit better known as Japanese persimmon or Asian persimmon * Kakī, ...
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