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Negm Bar Zahroon
Ganzibra Negm bar Zahroon ( baptismal name: Adam Negm bar Zakia Zihrun ; ar, الشيخ نجم ابن زهرون; born 1892, Huwaiza; died 1976, Qal'at Saleh District) was a Mandaean priest. He is primarily known as E. S. Drower's main field consultant who helped her procure dozens of Mandaic texts, now kept in the Bodleian Library's Drower Collection. Names He is often known simply as Sheikh Negm or Sheikh Nejm in E. S. Drower's writings. His Mandaean baptismal name is Adam Negm bar Zakia Zihrun bar Ram Zihrun (or also Negm bar Zihrun ). In his letters to Drower, he refers to himself as Sheikh Negm, son of Sheikh Zahroon. Life Sheikh Negm was born in Huwaiza in 1892 into the Khaffagi (written Mandaic: ''Kupašia'') clan. He lived in Khorramshahr during his early youth. He later moved to Liṭlaṭa, Qal'at Saleh in 1914, where he was initiated as a tarmida. He became acquainted with E. S. Drower sometime before 1933, with whom he had a lifelong collaboration. He helped ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ganzibra
A ganzibra (singular form in myz, ࡂࡀࡍࡆࡉࡁࡓࡀ, plural form in myz, ࡂࡀࡍࡆࡉࡁࡓࡉࡀ , literally 'treasurer' in Mandaic; fa, گنزورا) is a high priest in Mandaeism. Tarmidas, or junior priests, rank below the ganzibras.Drower, E. S. 1960. ''The Secret Adam: A Study of Nasoraean Gnosis''. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Symbolically, ganzibras are considered to be uthras on earth (Tibil). Their responsibilities include performing masbuta, masiqta, wedding ceremonies, and other rituals, all of which can only be performed by priests. They must prepare their own food to maintain ritual purity. Ganzibra priests are also prohibited from consuming stimulants such as wine, tobacco, and coffee. Ordination The ganzibras go through an elaborate set of initiation rituals that are separate from those performed for the tarmidas. According Drower (1937), a ganzibra can only be initiated immediately before the death of a pious member of the Mandaean community. Two ganzibra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khaffagi
The Khaffagi (also spelled Khaffagy, Khaffajy, Khafajy; fa, خفاجي; ar, خفاجی or ; written Mandaic: Kupašia ) family is a Mandaean priestly family with origins in Khuzestan, Iran, although some family members also lived in southern Iraq. The family's genealogy can be traced back to the mid-1400s in Khuzestan. Other Mandaean priestly families include the Manduia, Kuhailia ( Choheili), and Durakia (Dorragi) lineages, the latter two with origins primarily in Khuzestan, Iran. Family members Notable family members include: *Ram Zihrun (late 1700s–1800s) * Abdullah Khaffagi (–1975); baptismal name: Sam Yuhana bar Bihram bar Ram Zihrun *Negm bar Zahroon (1892–1976); baptismal name: Adam Negm bar Zakia Zihrun bar Ram Zihrun * Abdullah bar Negm (early 1900s–2009) *Rafid al-Sabti (born 1965) * Ardwan Al-Sabti * Bihram Khaffagi, a tarmida in Ahvaz, Iran During the 21st century, some members of the family are now based in Nijmegen Nijmegen (;; Spanish and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1976 Deaths
Events January * January 3 – The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights enters into force. * January 5 – The Pol Pot regime proclaims a new constitution for Democratic Kampuchea. * January 11 – The 1976 Philadelphia Flyers–Red Army game results in a 4–1 victory for the National Hockey League's Philadelphia Flyers over HC CSKA Moscow of the Soviet Union. * January 16 – The trial against jailed members of the Red Army Faction (the West German extreme-left militant Baader–Meinhof Group) begins in Stuttgart. * January 18 ** Full diplomatic relations are established between Bangladesh and Pakistan 5 years after the Bangladesh Liberation War. ** The Scottish Labour Party is formed as a breakaway from the UK-wide party. ** Super Bowl X in American football: The Pittsburgh Steelers defeat the Dallas Cowboys, 21–17, in Miami. * January 21 – First commercial Concorde flight, from London to Bahrain. * January 27 ** The United States v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1892 Births
Year 189 ( CLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Silanus and Silanus (or, less frequently, year 942 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 189 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Plague (possibly smallpox) kills as many as 2,000 people per day in Rome. Farmers are unable to harvest their crops, and food shortages bring riots in the city. China * Liu Bian succeeds Emperor Ling, as Chinese emperor of the Han Dynasty. * Dong Zhuo has Liu Bian deposed, and installs Emperor Xian as emperor. * Two thousand eunuchs in the palace are slaughtered in a violent purge in Luoyang, the capital of Han. By topic Arts and sciences * Galen publishes his ''"Treatise on the various temperaments"'' (aka ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Mandaean Priests
This article contains a list of historical and active Mandaean priests, all of whom have the ranks of Rishama, Ganzibra or Tarmida. Mandaean priestly families include the Manduia (Manduwi), Kupašia (Khaffagi), Kuhailia ( Choheili), and Durakia (Dorragi) families, all of which can be traced back to the mid-1400s. List of Mandaean priests Active Most of the following list of currently active Mandaean priests is based on Buckley (2023) and from ''The Worlds of Mandaean Priests'' website curated by Christine Robins, Yuhana Nashmi et al. *Rishamma Sattar Jabbar Hilow, Iraq *Rishamma Salah Choheili, Australia *Rishamma Professor Brikha Nasoraia, Australia *Ganzibra Najah Choheili, Iran *Ganzibra Khaldoon Majid Abdullah, Australia *Ganzibra Waleed Khashan, Australia *Ganzibra Salwan Alkhamas (or Salwan Shakir Khamas), Sweden *Ganzibra Salam Ghaiad, Sweden *Ganzibra Walid Abdul Razzak, Sweden *Ganzibra Taleb Dorragi, Iran *Ganzibra Walid Ebadfardzadeh, United States *Tarmida ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nijmegen
Nijmegen (;; Spanish and it, Nimega. Nijmeegs: ''Nimwèège'' ) is the largest city in the Dutch province of Gelderland and tenth largest of the Netherlands as a whole, located on the Waal river close to the German border. It is about 60 km south east of Utrecht and 50 km north east of Eindhoven. Nijmegen is the oldest city in the Netherlands, the second to be recognized as such in Roman times, and in 2005 celebrated 2,000 years of existence. Nijmegen became a free imperial city in 1230 and in 1402 a Hanseatic city. Since 1923 it has been a university city with the opening of a Catholic institution now known as the Radboud University Nijmegen. The city is well known for the International Four Days Marches Nijmegen event. Its population in 2022 was 179,000; the municipality is part of the Arnhem–Nijmegen metropolitan area, with 736,107 inhabitants in 2011. Population centres The municipality is formed by the city of Nijmegen, incorporating the former villages of Ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brikha Nasoraia
Rabbi Prof. Brikha H. S. Nasoraia (full name: Brikha Hathem Saed Naṣoraia; born 1964 in Iraq) is a Mandaean priest and scholar based in Sydney, Australia. He is affiliated with the University of Sydney and Mardin Artuklu University. He is currently a professor of Comparative Semitics, Literature and Art History. Early life and education Brikha Nasoraia was born in Iraq to Mahdi Saed (father) and Layla (mother). He was ordained as a ganzibra (Mandaean high priest) and later emigrated to Sydney, Australia. In 2005, he obtained a Ph.D. degree from the University of Sydney, where he wrote his doctoral dissertation on the translation and analysis of the '' Dmut Kušṭa'' scroll. Career As a ganzibra (head priest), he is currently the President of the Mandaean Spiritual Council (or the Mandaean Nasoraean Supreme Council) of Australia and is also the President of the International Mandaean Nasoraean Supreme Council (or Nasoraean Mandaean Association). Nasoraia lectures at the Univer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rishama
A rishama (rišama; riš-ama) or rishema ( myz, ࡓࡉࡔࡀࡌࡀ, lit='head/leader of the people'; ar, ريشما; fa, ریشا اد اما) is a religious patriarch in Mandaeism. It is the highest rank out of all the Mandaean clergical ranks. The next ranks are the ''ganzibra'' and ''tarmida'' priests (see Mandaean priest). In Iraq, the current rishama is Sattar Jabbar Hilo. In Australia, the Rishama and head of the Mandaean community is Salah Choheili. Notable ''rishama'' or patriarchs * Anush bar Danqa, the leader of the Mandaeans, who appeared before Muslim authorities at the beginning of the Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia *Yahya Bihram, who revived the entire Mandaean priesthood during the 1830s *Sattar Jabbar Hilo, the current Mandaean patriarch in Iraq *Dakhil Aidan, patriarch from 1917 to 1964 in Iraq *Jabbar Choheili (d. 2014), rishama in Iran * Salah Choheili, the current rishama and head of the Mandaean community in Australia * Zazai d-Gawazta bar Hawa, patriarch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1831 Cholera Epidemic
Events January–March * January 1 – William Lloyd Garrison begins publishing ''The Liberator'', an anti- slavery newspaper, in Boston, Massachusetts. * January 10 – Japanese department store, Takashimaya in Kyoto established. * February–March – Revolts in Modena, Parma and the Papal States are put down by Austrian troops. * February 2 – Pope Gregory XVI succeeds Pope Pius VIII, as the 254th pope. * February 5 – Dutch naval lieutenant Jan van Speyk blows up his own gunboat in Antwerp rather than strike his colours on the demand of supporters of the Belgian Revolution. * February 7 – The Belgian Constitution of 1831 is approved by the National Congress. * February 8 - Aimé Bonpland leaves Paraguay. * February 14 – Battle of Debre Abbay: Ras Marye of Yejju marches into Tigray, and defeats and kills the warlord Sabagadis. * February 25 – Battle of Olszynka Grochowska (Grochów): Polish rebel for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yahya Bihram
Yahya Bihram (also spelled Yahia Bihram; myz, ࡉࡀࡄࡉࡀ ࡁࡉࡄࡓࡀࡌ) was a 19th-century Mandaean priest. Although initially a learned layman (''yalufa''), he became known for reviving the Mandaean priesthood after a cholera epidemic had killed all living Mandaean priests in 1831. He is mentioned in the colophons of various Mandaean manuscripts. Early life Yahya Bihram was born around 1811 as the son of the Mandaean ''ganzibra'' (high priest) Adam Yuhana ( myz, ࡀࡃࡀࡌ ࡉࡅࡄࡀࡍࡀ), and belonged to the Qindila ("lamp"), Kamisia, and Riš Draz families. His father, Adam Yuhana, had previously served as an informant for the British Vice-Consul John George Taylor in Basra and taught him to read the ''Ginza Rabba''. Adam Yuhana also copied the manuscripts DC 12, 38, 39, 41, and 53, which are now held at the Bodleian Library's Drower Collection. Yahya Bihram spent his childhood in Basra, in his father's large house next to Taylor's house. Taylor collected va ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Mandaic
Neo-Mandaic, sometimes called the "''ratna''" ( ar, رطنة ''raṭna'' "jargon"), is the modern reflex of the Mandaic language, the liturgical language of the Mandaean religious community of Iraq and Iran. Although severely endangered, it survives today as the first language of a small number of Mandaeans (possibly as few as 100–200 speakers) in Iran and in the Mandaean diaspora. All Neo-Mandaic speakers are multilingual in the languages of their neighbors, Arabic and Persian, and the influence of these languages upon the grammar of Neo-Mandaic is considerable, particularly in the lexicon and the morphology of the noun. Nevertheless, Neo-Mandaic is more conservative even in these regards than most other Neo-Aramaic languages. General information Neo-Mandaic (ISO 639-3: mid) represents the latest stage of the development of Classical Mandaic, a language of the Middle East which was first attested during the period of Late Antiquity and which continues to be used to the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Niskayuna, New York
Niskayuna is a town in Schenectady County, New York, United States. The population was 23,278 at the 2020 census. The town is located in the southeast part of the county, east of the city of Schenectady, and is the easternmost town in the county. The current Town Supervisor is Jaime Puccioni. History The Town of Niskayuna was created on March 7, 1809, from the town of Watervliet, with an initial population of 681. The name of town was derived from early patents to Dutch settlers: ''Nis-ti-go-wo-ne'' or ''Co-nis-tig-i-one'', both derived from the Mohawk language. The 19th-century historians Howell and Munsell mistakenly identified Conistigione as an Indian tribe, but they were a band of Mohawk people known by the term for this location. The original meaning of the words translate roughly as "extensive corn flats", as the Mohawk for centuries cultivated maize fields in the fertile bottomlands along today's Mohawk River. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
