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Nef
Nef or NEF may refer to: Businesses and organizations * National Energy Foundation, a British charity * National Enrichment Facility, an American uranium enrichment plant * New Economics Foundation, a British think-tank * Near East Foundation, an American international social and economic development organization * National Equity Fund, Inc., an American non-profit syndicator of Low Income Housing Tax Credits * New England Firearms, a brand of H&R Firearms People * Abdou Nef (1995–2013), Algerian footballer * Adolfo Nef (born 1946), Chilean football goalkeeper * Alain Nef (born 1982), Swiss footballer * Francisco Nef (1863–1931), Chilean naval officer and member of the government junta ** Hospital Naval Almirante Nef * Hari Nef (born 1992), American actress, model, and writer * Isabelle Nef (1895–1976), Swiss pianist and harpsichordist * John Ulric Nef (chemist) (1862–1915), discoverer of the Nef reaction * John Ulric Nef (economic historian) (1899–1988) * Karl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hari Nef
Hari Nef (born October 21, 1992) is an American actress, model, and writer. Nef's breakthrough role was Gittel in the Amazon original series ''Transparent'', for which she was nominated for a SAG award in 2016. She made her runway debut at New York Fashion Week Spring 2015, walking for both Hood By Air and Eckhaus Latta, and subsequently became the first openly transgender woman signed to IMG Models. She became the first openly transgender woman to appear on the cover of a major British magazine. Nef has written on a breadth of topics from fine art and film to sex, gender, and transgender identity. She lives and works in New York City. Early life and education Hari Nef was born in Philadelphia into a Jewish family. Her parents are David Neff, an advertising executive, and Robin Clebnik. Her parents divorced when she was two and she was raised by her mother in Newton, Massachusetts. Nef graduated from Columbia University in May 2015 with a degree in theater. Career Acting N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nef The Pharaoh
Tonee Hayes (born January 11, 1995), better known by his stage name Nef the Pharaoh, is an American rapper from Vallejo, California. In 2014 he was selected by fans as the "Bay Area Freshman of the Year" in a yearly contest held by Thizzler.com. In early 2015, his track "Big Tymin'" became a regional hit, with a music video released shortly after Nef the Pharaoh signed with Sick Wid It Records. "Big Tymin'" was remixed by YG and Ty Dolla $ign in July 2015, and his self-titled debut EP was released on Sick Wid It on November 6, 2015. He released his full-length debut album titled ''The Chang Project'' on April 27, 2017. Early life Tonee Hayes was born on January 11, 1995 in Oakland, California. He was featured on the cover of the '' Vallejo Times-Herald'' at the age of 17. Hayes has cited Vallejo rappers like Mac Dre and E-40 as significant influences on his style. He was given the nickname Nef (short for nephew) from his uncle, which he incorporated into part of his stage name. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nef (protein)
Nef (Negative Regulatory Factor) is a small 27-35 kDa myristoylated protein encoded by primate lentiviruses. These include Human Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIV-1 and HIV-2) and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV). Nef localizes primarily to the cytoplasm but also partially to the Plasma membrane (PM) and is one of many pathogen-expressed proteins, known as virulence factors, which function to manipulate the host's cellular machinery and thus allow infection, survival or replication of the pathogen. Nef stands for "Negative Factor" and although it is often considered indispensable for HIV-1 replication, in infected hosts the viral protein markedly elevates viral titers. Function The expression of Nef early in the viral life cycle ensures T-cell activation and the establishment of a persistent state of infection, two basic attributes of HIV infection. Viral expression of Nef induces numerous changes within the infected cell including the modulation of protein cell surface express ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nef Reaction
In organic chemistry, the Nef reaction is an organic reaction describing the acid hydrolysis of a salt of a primary or secondary nitroalkane () to an aldehyde () or a ketone () and nitrous oxide (). The reaction has been the subject of several literature reviews. The reaction was reported in 1894 by the chemist John Ulric Nef, who treated the sodium salt of nitroethane with sulfuric acid resulting in an 85–89% yield of nitrous oxide and at least 70% yield of acetaldehyde. However, the reaction was pioneered a year earlier in 1893 by Konovalov, who converted the potassium salt of 1-phenylnitroethane with sulfuric acid to acetophenone. Reaction mechanism The reaction mechanism starting from the nitronate salt as the resonance structures 1a and 1b is depicted below: The salt is protonated forming the nitronic acid 2 (in some cases these nitronates have been isolated) and once more to the iminium ion 3. This intermediate is attacked by water in a nucleophilic addition for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Ulric Nef (chemist)
John Ulric Nef (Johann Ulrich Nef; June 14, 1862 – August 13, 1915) was a Swiss-born American chemist and the discoverer of the Nef reaction and Nef synthesis. He was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. Life His parents emigrated from Switzerland to the United States, where Nef studied chemistry at Harvard University until 1884. Upon graduation, he joined Adolf von Baeyer at the University of Munich, where he received his Ph.D. in 1887. He was a professor at Purdue University from 1887 till 1889 and at Clark University from 1889 till 1892. In 1892 Nef joined the newly formed University of Chicago as Professor of Chemistry, where he spent the rest of his academic career. His son John Ulric Nef (1899–1988) became a Professor of Economic History and published several books. Work The discovery of the Nef reaction and the papers about divalent carbon (carbenes) were his major achievements. See also *Phenylsodium Phe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nef Polygon
In mathematics Nef polygons and Nef polyhedra are the sets of polygons and polyhedra which can be obtained from a finite set of halfplanes ( halfspaces) by Boolean operations of set intersection and set complement. The objects are named after the Swiss mathematician Walter Nef (1919–2013), who introduced them in his 1978 book on polyhedra. Since other Boolean operations, such as union or difference, may be expressed via intersection and complement operations, the sets of Nef polygons (polyhedra) are closed with respect to these operations as well. In addition, the class of Nef polyhedra is closed with respect to the topological operations of taking closure, interior, exterior, and boundary. Boolean operations, such as difference or intersection, may produce non-regular sets. However the class of Nef polyhedra is also closed with respect to the operation of regularization. Convex polytopes are a special subclass of Nef polyhedra, being the set of polyhedra which are the intersec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Nef
Karl Nef (22 August 1873 – 9 February 1935) was a Swiss musicologist. Life Born in St. Gallen, Nef first studied cello at the University of Music and Theatre Leipzig, but then turned to musicology under the influence of Hermann Kretzschmar. In 1896 his dissertation "Die Collegia Musica in der deutschen reformierten Schweiz von ihrer Entstehung bis zum Beginn des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts. Mit einer Einleitung über den reformierten Kirchengesang und die Pflege der Profanmusik in der Schweiz in den frühern Zeiten" at the Zollikofer'sche Buchdruckerei St. Gallen. In 1897, he moved to Basel, where he first worked as an editor for the '' Schweizer Musikzeitung'' and as a music consultant for the ''Basler Zeitung ''Basler Zeitung'' (literally: "Basler Newspaper"), or ''BaZ'', is a Swiss German-language regional daily newspaper, published in Basel. History and profile ''Basler Zeitung'' was created in 1977 through the merger of the ''Basler Nachrichten ...''. Over the year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alain Nef
Alain Nef (born 6 February 1982) is a retired Swiss football defender. He last played for FC Zürich. Career Alain Nef played in the youth teams of Wädenswil and FC Zürich where he started his professional career in 2001. He won the Swiss Super League with Zürich in 2006. After that he moved to Piacenza Calcio. After two seasons with Piacenza he moved to Udinese Calcio in 2008. On 14 January 2009, Nef went on loan to Spanish club Recreativo de Huelva. In summer 2009 he was loaned out to Italian Serie B side Triestina. He made his league debut for the club on 21 August 2009 in a 0–0 away draw with AC Mantova. He played all ninety minutes of the match. He scored his first league goal for the club just eight days later in a 1–0 home victory over Grosseto. His goal was scored in the 30th minute. In November 2010, BSC Young Boys bought him outright and agreed a new contract which last until 30 June 2015. He made his league debut for the club on 12 September 2010 in a 2– ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Ulric Nef (economic Historian)
John Ulric Nef, Jr. (1899–1988) was an American economic historian, and the co-founder of the University of Chicago's Committee on Social Thought. He was associated with the University of Chicago for over half a century, and co-founded the Committee there in 1941. Early life Nef was born in 1899, the son of chemist John Ulric Nef. He was a native Chicagoan. He graduated from Harvard University in 1920.Samuels (2005), p. 59 He finished a PhD degree at the Robert Brookings Graduate School in Washington, D.C. (a precursor of the Brookings Institution) in 1927. He served at Swarthmore College's faculty for a year. He joined the University of Chicago's faculty in 1929 as an assistant professor of economics. Career in academia After joining the faculty at Chicago in 1929, he was associated with the university for over half a century. He became professor of economic history there in 1936. He also served as a visiting professor at French universities, Institut d'études politiques ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nef Isocyanide Reaction
The Nef isocyanide reaction is an addition reaction that takes place between isocyanides and acyl chlorides to form imidoyl chloride products, a process first discovered by John Ulrich Nef. The product imidoyl chloride can be hydrolyzed to give the amide, trapped with other nucleophiles, or undergo halide abstraction with silver salts to form an acyl nitrilium intermediate. The reaction is of some theoretical interest, as kinetic measurements and DFT studies have indicated that the addition occurs in one step, without the intermediacy of a tetrahedral intermediate that is commonly proposed for carbonyl addition reactions. See also * Carbene * Insertion reaction * Nef reaction In organic chemistry, the Nef reaction is an organic reaction describing the acid hydrolysis of a salt of a primary or secondary nitroalkane () to an aldehyde () or a ketone () and nitrous oxide (). The reaction has been the subject of several ... References {{reflist Carbon-carbon bond formin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nef Synthesis
In organic chemistry, Nef synthesis is the addition of sodium acetylides to aldehydes and ketones to yield acetylenic carbinols. It is named for John Ulric Nef, who discovered the reaction in 1899. This process is often erroneously referred to as the Nef reaction, which is an unrelated chemical transformation discovered by the same chemist. See also *Alkynation In organic chemistry, alkynylation is an addition reaction in which a terminal alkyne () is added to a carbonyl group () to form an α-alkynyl alcohol (). When the acetylide is formed from acetylene (), the reaction gives an α-ethynyl alcohol. ... References Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions Organometallic chemistry Addition reactions {{organic-chem-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sonja Nef
Sonja Nef (born 19 April 1972) is a Swiss former alpine skier. Nef was women's World Champion in Giant Slalom in 2001. She won the 2001 and 2002 World Cup in Giant Slalom. At the 2002 Winter Olympics The 2002 Winter Olympics, officially the XIX Olympic Winter Games and commonly known as Salt Lake 2002 ( arp, Niico'ooowu' 2002; Gosiute Shoshoni: ''Tit'-so-pi 2002''; nv, Sooléí 2002; Shoshoni: ''Soónkahni 2002''), was an internation ..., she finished third in Giant Slalom. Career The injury made itself felt in the following winter of 2003/04 in a declining level of performance. Although Nef was able to achieve a podium finish in the slalom for the last time, further good results became rarer. This trend continued in the winter of 2004/05. Her best placings were two fifth places. In the 2005/06 season, an inflammation of her hip gave her a hard time. Nef was never ranked better than 20th and was unable to qualify for the 2006 Winter Olympics. World Cup results Seas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
