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Near-term Digital Radio
The Near-term digital radio (NTDR) program provided a prototype mobile ad hoc network (MANET) radio system to the United States Army, starting in the 1990s. The MANET protocols were provided by Bolt, Beranek and Newman; the radio hardware was supplied by ITT. These systems have been fielded by the United Kingdom as the High-capacity data radio (HCDR) and by the Israelis as the Israeli data radio. They have also been purchased by a number of other countries for experimentation. The NTDR protocols consist of two components: clustering and routing. The clustering algorithms dynamically organize a given network into cluster heads and cluster members. The cluster heads create a backbone; the cluster members use the services of this backbone to send and receive packets. The cluster heads use a link-state routing algorithm to maintain the integrity of their backbone and to track the locations of cluster members. The NTDR routers also use a variant of Open Shortest Path First Ope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Near-Term Digital Radio (NTDR) Trials At Fort Huachuca - February 1998 - 1
The Near-term digital radio (NTDR) program provided a prototype mobile ad hoc network (MANET) radio system to the United States Army, starting in the 1990s. The MANET protocols were provided by Bolt, Beranek and Newman; the radio hardware was supplied by ITT. These systems have been fielded by the United Kingdom as the High-capacity data radio (HCDR) and by the Israelis as the Israeli data radio. They have also been purchased by a number of other countries for experimentation. The NTDR protocols consist of two components: clustering and routing. The clustering algorithms dynamically organize a given network into cluster heads and cluster members. The cluster heads create a backbone; the cluster members use the services of this backbone to send and receive packets. The cluster heads use a link-state routing algorithm to maintain the integrity of their backbone and to track the locations of cluster members. The NTDR routers also use a variant of Open Shortest Path First Ope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Near-Term Digital Radio (NTDR) Trials At Fort Huachuca - February 1998 - 2
The Near-term digital radio (NTDR) program provided a prototype mobile ad hoc network (MANET) radio system to the United States Army, starting in the 1990s. The MANET protocols were provided by Bolt, Beranek and Newman; the radio hardware was supplied by ITT. These systems have been fielded by the United Kingdom as the High-capacity data radio (HCDR) and by the Israelis as the Israeli data radio. They have also been purchased by a number of other countries for experimentation. The NTDR protocols consist of two components: clustering and routing. The clustering algorithms dynamically organize a given network into cluster heads and cluster members. The cluster heads create a backbone; the cluster members use the services of this backbone to send and receive packets. The cluster heads use a link-state routing algorithm to maintain the integrity of their backbone and to track the locations of cluster members. The NTDR routers also use a variant of Open Shortest Path First Ope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mobile Ad Hoc Network
A wireless ad hoc network (WANET) or mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a decentralized type of wireless network. The network is ad hoc because it does not rely on a pre-existing infrastructure, such as routers in wired networks or access points in wireless networks. Instead, each node participates in routing by forwarding data for other nodes, so the determination of which nodes forward data is made dynamically on the basis of network connectivity and the routing algorithm in use. In the Windows operating system, ad hoc is a communication mode (setting) that allows computers to directly communicate with each other without a router. Wireless mobile ad hoc networks are self-configuring, dynamic networks in which nodes are free to move. Such wireless networks lack the complexities of infrastructure setup and administration, enabling devices to create and join networks "on the fly". Each device in a MANET is free to move independently in any direction, and will therefore change it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolt, Beranek And Newman
Raytheon BBN (originally Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.) is an American research and development company, based next to Fresh Pond in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. In 1966, the Franklin Institute awarded the firm the Frank P. Brown Medal, in 1999 BBN received the IEEE Corporate Innovation Recognition, and on 1 February 2013, BBN was awarded the National Medal of Technology and Innovation, the highest honors that the U.S. government bestows upon scientists, engineers and inventors, by President Barack Obama. It became a wholly owned subsidiary of Raytheon in 2009. History BBN has its roots in an initial partnership formed on 15 October 1948 between Leo Beranek and Richard Bolt, professors at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Bolt had won a commission to be an acoustic consultant for the new United Nations permanent headquarters to be built in New York City. Realizing the magnitude of the project at hand, Bolt had pulled in his MIT colleague Beranek for h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High-capacity Data Radio
High-capacity data radio (HCDR) is a development of the Near-Term Digital Radio (NTDR) for the UK government as a part of the Bowman communication system. It is a secure wideband 225–450 MHz UHF radio system that provides a self-managing IP-based Internet backbone capability without the need for other infrastructure communications (mobile phone, fixed communications). There is also an export version that incorporates Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption rather than UK Government Type 1 Crypto. The radio offers a link throughput (terminal to terminal) of 500 kbit/s. A deployment of over 200 HCDR-equipped military vehicles can automatically configure and self manage into a fully connected autonomous mesh network intercommunicating using mobile ad hoc network (MANET) protocols. The radio is an IPv4-compliant three-port router having a radio port, Ethernet port and PPP serial port. The 20-watt radio has adaptive transmit power and adaptive forward error correcti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Routing
Routing is the process of selecting a path for traffic in a network or between or across multiple networks. Broadly, routing is performed in many types of networks, including circuit-switched networks, such as the public switched telephone network (PSTN), and computer networks, such as the Internet. In packet switching networks, routing is the higher-level decision making that directs network packets from their source toward their destination through intermediate network nodes by specific packet forwarding mechanisms. Packet forwarding is the transit of network packets from one network interface to another. Intermediate nodes are typically network hardware devices such as routers, gateways, firewalls, or switches. General-purpose computers also forward packets and perform routing, although they have no specially optimized hardware for the task. The routing process usually directs forwarding on the basis of routing tables. Routing tables maintain a record of the routes to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Algorithm
In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm () is a finite sequence of rigorous instructions, typically used to solve a class of specific Computational problem, problems or to perform a computation. Algorithms are used as specifications for performing calculations and data processing. More advanced algorithms can perform automated deductions (referred to as automated reasoning) and use mathematical and logical tests to divert the code execution through various routes (referred to as automated decision-making). Using human characteristics as descriptors of machines in metaphorical ways was already practiced by Alan Turing with terms such as "memory", "search" and "stimulus". In contrast, a Heuristic (computer science), heuristic is an approach to problem solving that may not be fully specified or may not guarantee correct or optimal results, especially in problem domains where there is no well-defined correct or optimal result. As an effective method, an algorithm ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Open Shortest Path First
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol for Internet Protocol (IP) networks. It uses a link state routing (LSR) algorithm and falls into the group of interior gateway protocols (IGPs), operating within a single autonomous system (AS). OSPF gathers link state information from available routers and constructs a topology map of the network. The topology is presented as a routing table to the Internet Layer for routing packets by their destination IP address. OSPF supports Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) and Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) networks and supports the Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) addressing model. OSPF is widely used in large enterprise networks. IS-IS, another LSR-based protocol, is more common in large service provider networks. Originally designed in the 1980s, OSPF is defined for IPv4 in protocol version 2 by RFC 2328 (1998)., Updated by RFC 5709, RFC 6549, RFC 6845, RFC 6860, RFC 7474, RFC 8042. The updates for IPv6 are specifi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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