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Navalram
Navalram Laxmiram Pandya (Gujarati: નવલરામ) (9 March 1836 – 7 August 1888) was a Gujarati critic, playwright, poet, essayist, editor, educationist and a social reformer. He is considered to be a most important figure in modern Gujarati literature. The first humourist, the first historical dramatist, the first critic and a leading scholar of his age, Navalram was the first to herald the new generation of writers like Manilal Dwivedi, Govardhanram Tripathi and Narsinhrao Divetia. His writings covered numerous areas, including philosophy, patriotism, reformation, education, journalism, grammar and literature. Life Navalram was born on 9 March 1836 in Surat (now in Gujarat) to Nandkor and Lakshmiram Pandya. Physically weak as a child, he didn't take much interest in games and was introvert in nature. At the age of eleven, he passed the final vernacular exam and got admission in an English school as a free merit scholar. He passed his matriculation exam in 1853. Though he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kavijivan
''Kavijivan'' () ( "The Life of a Poet") is a biographical work published in 1887 about Gujarati poet and writer, Narmadashankar Dave, popularly writing under the pen name Narmad. It was written by fellow Gujarati writer and critic Navalram Pandya. ''Kavijivan'' is largely based on Narmad's own private autobiographical account, ''Mari Hakikat,'' which was published posthumously in 1933. It was the first biography of Narmad in Gujarati literature. It covers Narmad's social and literary career and provides details about his public life, but avoids discussion of his private life. Background Before Navalram wrote ''Kavijvan'', he reviewed two biographies: ''Karsandas Mulji Charitra'' (1878) and ''Mehtaji Durgaram Manchharamnu Charitra'' (1879), both written by Mahipatram Nilkanth. He stressed the importance of writing the biographies of great persons and discussed the standard practices for a biography. He believed that the biographies of great people inspire the common man to aspire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gujarati Literature
The history of Gujarati literature ( gu, ગુજરાતી સાહિત્ય) may be traced to 1000 AD, and this literature has flourished since then to the present. It is unique in having almost no patronage from a ruling dynasty, other than its composers. Gujarat Vidhya Sabha, Gujarat Sahitya Sabha, Gujarat Sahitya Akademi and Gujarati Sahitya Parishad are Gujarat-based literary institutions promoting the Gujarati literature. History Such factors as the policies of the rulers, the living style of the people, and the worldwide influence on society are important for any literature to flourish. In Gujarat, due to the development of trade and commerce, the religious influence of Jainism as well as Hinduism, and also due to the safety and encouragement of rulers like Chaulukya (Solanki) and Vaghela Rajputs, literary activities were in full force from the 11th century. * Gujarati literature ** Early literature (up to 1450 AD) *** Prāg-Narsinh Yug (1000 AD to 1450 AD) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Govardhanram Tripathi
Govardhanram Madhavram Tripathi (; 20 October 1855 – 4 January 1907) was an Indian Gujarati language novelist of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He is known for his four volume novel, '' Saraswatichandra'', acclaimed as one of the masterpieces of Gujarati literature. The novel represents the life of Gujarat during the early part of 19th-century. Life Govardhanram was born in Vadnagara nagar brahmin family on 20 October 1855 on the day of the Dashera festival at Nadiad, Bombay presidency (now in Gujarat), to his mother, Shivkashi, and his father, Madhavram. He took his primary education from the Buddhivardhak Gujarati Shala in Mumbai and Government English School at Nadiad. Thereafter, he joined Elphinstone High School from where he passed his matriculation examination in 1871. In the same year, he joined Elphinstone College to obtain his BA degree. He passed his BA examination at the second attempt, in 1875. After three unsuccessful attempts, he passed LLB exami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jagdev Parmar
Jagadeva, also known as Jagaddeva or Jagdev Parmar, was an 11th-12th century prince from the Paramara dynasty of central India. He is known from an inscription discovered at Jainad and some folk legends. His political status is uncertain, although according to one theory, he may have been a vassal of the Western Chalukyas. Ancestry and political status The coins and inscriptions from Jagadeva's period have been found in the northern parts of Berar and Marathwada regions of Maharashtra, not the traditional Paramara territory of Malwa. These regions were dominated by the Chalukyas of Kalyani. An inscription discovered at Jainad names Jagaddeva as the son of the Paramara king Udayaditya (reigned c. 1060–1086). Four gold coins bearing the name "Shri-Jagadeva" have also been discovered. Several scholars, including P. C. Roy, identify the issuer of these coins as the Paramara prince. M. H. Krishna surmised that the Chalukya king Someshvara was known by the title "Jagaddeva" ("Lor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mari Hakikat
''Mari Hakikat'' () is the autobiography of Narmadashankar Dave, popularly known as Narmad, a Gujarati author from Surat in 19th century India. It was the first autobiography to be written in the Gujarati language. Written in 1866, it was published posthumously in 1933 on the centenary of Narmad's birth. Origin and publication history Narmad wrote ''Mari Hakikat'' in 1866. He explained his intentions at the start of his autobiography; He added that his life will give some message to people. Narmad was candid and outspoken and he believed that his thoughts and works are exemplar. To give insights in his mind and world around him, he chose to write as openly as possible about events in his life, people connected with those events, his relations with those people and the results of those relationships. Narmad had published a collection of his essays as ''Narmagadya: Book 1'' in 1865. ''Suratni Mukhatesar ni Hakikat'' was published as ''Narmagadya: Book 2: Issue 1'' in 1866 from page ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vijayray Vaidya
Vijayray Kalyanray Vaidya was a Gujarati critic, biographer and essayist. After studying languages, he was engaged in Gujarati literary journalism and later criticism. He edited several magazines and wrote works of criticism, biography and essays. Biography Vijayray Vaidya was born on 7 April 1897 in Bhavnagar. He completed B. A. in English and Sanskrit from Wilson College, Bombay in 1920. He served as a cashier in Sir Lallubhai Shamaldas Bank, Bombay from 1920 to 1921. He joined Gujarati periodical, ''Chetna''. He served as an editor of ''Hindustan Weekly'' of Bombay and a subeditor of daily from 1921 to 1922. On invitation of K. M. Munshi, he served as an in-charge editor of ''Gujarat''. He served with ''Sahitya Sansad'' from 1922 to 1924. He started '' Kaumudi'', a quarterly and later a monthly. After it was stopped, he started ''Manasi'' in 1935. He taught Gujarati at M.T.B. College, Surat from 1937 to 1949 or 1952 along with editing ''Manasi''. ''Manasi'' was published till ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manilal Dwivedi
Manilal Nabhubhai Dwivedi (; 26 September 1858 – 1 October 1898) was a Gujarati-language writer, philosopher, and social thinker from British India, commonly referred to as Manilal in literary circles. He was an influential figure in 19th-century Gujarati literature, and was one of several Gujarati writers and educators involved in the debate over social reforms, focusing on issues such as the status of women, child marriage, and the question of whether widows could remarry. He held Eastern civilisation in high esteem, and resisted the influence of Western civilisation, a position which drew him into conflicts with other social reformers of a less conservative outlook. He considered himself a "reformer along religious lines". Manilal's writings belong to the '' Pandit Yuga'', or "Scholar Era" – a time in which Gujarati writers explored their traditional literature, culture and religion in order to redefine contemporary Indian identity when it was subject to challenge fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balwantray Thakore
Balwantray Kalyanray Thakore ( gu, બળવંતરાય કલ્યાણરાય ઠાકોર) (23 October 1869 – 2 January 1952), popularly known as B. K. Thakore ( gu, બ.ક.ઠાકોર), was a poetry teacher and one of the great pioneers of the ''Pandit yug'', during the turn of the twentieth century period in Gujarati literature. Known as 'Ballukaka' in his intimate circle, he played a key role in the development of modern Gujarati poetry. Early life The son of a lawyer, Thakore was born on 23 October 1869 in Porbandar, and later moved to Bharuch in Gujarat. After attending school in Bharuch, he went to Rajkot for further education where he became acquainted with Navalram Pandya, a contemporary of Narmad, Mahatma Gandhi and Manishankar Bhatt 'Kant'. While studying at Rajkot, he came under the influence of Christianity. In his later life he also appreciated certain principles of Islam. At age 18, he married Chandramani. He later remarried after the death of his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ras Mala
''Râs Mâlâ: Hindoo Annals of the Province of Goozerat, in Western India'' is a 1856 historical work by British colonial administrator Alexander Kinloch Forbes. Divided in two volumes, the work has four sections documenting the history and chronicles from 8th century Gujarat (now in India) to arrival of British and folk literature of Gujarat as well as an historical account of the place and people he came to know during his stay in Gujarat. It was later translated into Gujarati in 1869. Origin Alexander Kinloch Forbes (1821–1865), a British colonial administrator, appointed in 1842 came to Ahmedabad as an assistant judge in 1846 where he began to learn Gujarati language first from Bhogilal Pranavallabh, and then from Dalpatram, a Gujarati poet. Forbes also had a deep interest in archaeology, ancient monuments and manuscripts, which made him intensely interested in the old archaeological and historical remains of Gujarat. Forbes, along with his colleagues, established Guja ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Le Médecin Malgré Lui
''Le Médecin malgré lui'' (; "The doctor/physician in spite of himself") is a farce by Molière first presented in 1666 (published as a manuscript in early 1667) at le théâtre du Palais-Royal by la Troupe du Roi. The play is one of several plays by Molière to center on Sganarelle, a character that Molière himself portrayed, and is a comedic satire of 17th century French medicine. The music composed by Marc-Antoine Charpentier is lost. Characters *Sganarelle, ''an alcoholic, gluttonous woodcutter'' (The title character) *Martine, ''Sganarelle's wife'' *Lucinde, ''Sganarelle's patient; daughter of Geronte'' *Léandre, ''Lucinde's lover'' *Geronte, ''a wealthy bourgeois; father of Lucinde'' *Valère, ''Geronte's educated servant'' *Lucas, ''Geronte's non-educated servant'' *Jacqueline, ''Lucas's wife and Geronte's non-educated feeder'' *Monsieur Robert, ''Sganarelle's neighbor'' *Thibaut, ''a country person'' *Perrin, ''a country person; son of Thibaut'' Synopsis Sganare ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Kinloch Forbes
Alexander Kinloch Forbes (7 July 1821 – 31 August 1865) was a colonial administrator in British India. Early life Forbes was born in London on 7 July 1821 to John Forbes-Mitchell (1786-1822) of Thainston and Ann Powell (m. 1809 d. 1861). He was the youngest among six siblings. He was christened on 9 August 1821 at St. Mary, St. Marylebone, London. He was educated at a school in Finchley. He articled to George Basevi, an architect, for eight months but later joined a college Haileybury as he was appointed to Bombay Civil Service by Sir Charles Forbes in 1840. He left it in 1842 and arrived in Bombay, India in November 1843. Administrative career Forbes was appointed in 1842 to the Civil Service of the East India Company, later moved to Bombay in 1843. He spent his initial two and half years as Assistant Collector of Ahmednagar and Khandesh. Later he was appointed as Assistant Judge in Ahmedabad in November 1846 where he noted the absence of literary society. He served in diff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meghadūta
} ''Meghadūta'' ( sa, मेघदूत literally ''Cloud Messenger'') is a lyric poem written by Kālidāsa (c. 4th–5th century CE), considered to be one of the greatest Sanskrit poets. It describes how a ''yakṣa'' (or nature spirit), who had been banished by his master to a remote region for a year, asked a cloud to take a message of love to his wife. The poem become well-known in Sanskrit literature and inspired other poets to write similar poems (known as "messenger-poems", or Sandesha Kavya) on similar themes. Korada Ramachandra Sastri wrote ''Ghanavrttam,'' a sequel to ''Meghduta.'' About the poem A poem of 120 stanzas, it is one of Kālidāsa's most famous works. The work is divided into two parts, Purva-megha and Uttara-megha. It recounts how a yakṣa, a subject of King Kubera (the god of wealth), after being exiled for a year to Central India for neglecting his duties, convinces a passing cloud to take a message to his wife at Alaka on Mount Kailāsa in the Himā ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
