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Navahrudak Mosque
Navahrudak Mosque ( be, Навагрудская мячэць, pl, Meczet w Nowogródku) is a wooden mosque located in Novogrudok, Grodno Region in Belarus. It was the largest Lipka Tatar mosque in the Second Polish Republic. Following the 22 September 1929, it was the first mosque to be visited by a Polish senior state official - the Polish president, Ignacy Mościcki. Following the Second World War, the mosque was transformed into a residential building (the minaret and tower was destroyed). During the nineteen-nineties, there were increasing efforts to rebuild the Tatar mosque. The mosque was reopened in 1997. See also * Islam in Belarus * Kruszyniany Mosque Kruszyniany Mosque is a wooden mosque located in the village of Kruszyniany, in Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland. The building is the oldest Lipka Tatar mosque in Poland, built on the plan of a rectangle, in specifications of 10 by 13 metres. Hi ..., Lipka Tatar mosque in Poland * Raižiai Mosque, Lipka Tatar mosqu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam
Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ''Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the Muhammad in Islam, main and final Islamic prophet.Peters, F. E. 2009. "Allāh." In , edited by J. L. Esposito. Oxford: Oxford University Press. . (See alsoquick reference) "[T]he Muslims' understanding of Allāh is based...on the Qurʿān's public witness. Allāh is Unique, the Creator, Sovereign, and Judge of mankind. It is Allāh who directs the universe through his direct action on nature and who has guided human history through his prophets, Abraham, with whom he made his covenant, Moses/Moosa, Jesus/Eesa, and Muḥammad, through all of whom he founded his chosen communities, the 'Peoples of the Book.'" It is the Major religious groups, world's second-largest religion behind Christianity, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lipka Tatars Of Belarus
Lipka (a diminutive form of Polish ''lipa'', meaning "lime tree" (also called linden tree or basswood in North America and different from the citrus lime tree) may refer to: Places Poland * Gmina Lipka, an administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland) * Lipka, Złotów County, seat of Gmina Lipka * Lipka, Lower Silesian Voivodeship (german: Schönau) (south-west Poland) * Lipka, Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) * Lipka, Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland) * Lipka, Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland) * Lipka, Kalisz County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland) * Lipka, Lubusz Voivodeship (german: Lipke) (west Poland) * Lipka, Pomeranian Voivodeship (german: Lindenkrug) (north Poland) * Lipka, West Pomeranian Voivodeship (german: Löllhöfel) (north-west Poland) Other countries * Lipka, a hamlet of Horní Bradlo, Pardubice Region, Czech Republic Other uses * Lipka (surname) * Lipka (grape), another name for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lipka Tatar Mosques
Lipka (a diminutive form of Polish ''lipa'', meaning "lime tree" (also called linden tree or basswood in North America and different from the citrus lime tree) may refer to: Places Poland * Gmina Lipka, an administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland) * Lipka, Złotów County, seat of Gmina Lipka * Lipka, Lower Silesian Voivodeship (german: Schönau) (south-west Poland) * Lipka, Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) * Lipka, Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland) * Lipka, Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland) * Lipka, Kalisz County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland) * Lipka, Lubusz Voivodeship (german: Lipke) (west Poland) * Lipka, Pomeranian Voivodeship (german: Lindenkrug) (north Poland) * Lipka, West Pomeranian Voivodeship (german: Löllhöfel) (north-west Poland) Other countries * Lipka, a hamlet of Horní Bradlo, Pardubice Region, Czech Republic Other uses * Lipka (surname) * Lipka (grape), another name for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raižiai Mosque
Raižiai Mosque ( lt, Raižių mečetė) is a wooden mosque located in the village of Raižiai, Alytus County in Lithuania. The mosque was the only one to operate during the Soviet era. The mosque remains open, with local Muslim religious gatherings during major holidays. The mosque serves as a center for activities for the 500 Tatars that live in the village. Since 1999, the mosque has been designated a cultural heritage site (unique code 24828). In the village of Raižiai there are several Tatar cemeteries, where Lipka Tatars and Muslims of other nationalities are buried. History The mosque was first mentioned in sources dated from 1663, the current mosque was built in 1889. Renovated in 1993. The mosque houses the oldest remaining minbar from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (built 1686). In 2010, to commemorate the 500th anniversary of the Battle of Grunwald, two sundials were installed near the mosque (constructed by Jonas Navikas), one of which shows the local time, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kruszyniany Mosque
Kruszyniany Mosque is a wooden mosque located in the village of Kruszyniany, in Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland. The building is the oldest Lipka Tatar mosque in Poland, built on the plan of a rectangle, in specifications of 10 by 13 metres. History The village of Kruszyniany was assigned by King John III Sobieski to the Tatars who had participated on the side of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the war against the Ottoman Empire. After the Lipka Tatar populace settled in the area, the Tatars built the mosque, which was first mentioned in a document dating back to 1717. The present mosque was most likely built in the second half of the eighteenth-century, or in the first half of the nineteenth-century (the exact date of construction of the building is unknown), on the site of the former mosque. In 1846, the building underwent renovation, information about which is found on a stone plaque, next to the women's entrance. After World War II, the area was settled by repatr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam In Belarus
A continuous presence of Islam in Belarus began in the 14th century. From this time it was primarily associated with the Lipka Tatars, many of whom settled in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth while continuing their traditions and religious beliefs. With the advent of the Soviet Union, many Muslims left Belarus for other countries, particularly Poland. Presently, the Belarusian Muslim community consists of remaining Lipka Tatars, as well as recent immigrants from the Middle East. As of 2007, there are 45,000 Muslims in Belarus, representing 0.5% of the total population. History The history of Islam in Belarus begins in the 14th century, as the Grand Duchy of Lithuania invited Tatars from the Golden Horde to assist with the protection of their borders. The Tatars, however, soon settled in Lithuania, as well as in neighbouring Poland, and by the end of the 16th century, an estimated 100,000 Tatars lived in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, including the descendants of b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minaret
A minaret (; ar, منارة, translit=manāra, or ar, مِئْذَنة, translit=miʾḏana, links=no; tr, minare; fa, گلدسته, translit=goldaste) is a type of tower typically built into or adjacent to mosques. Minarets are generally used to project the Muslim call to prayer ('' adhan''), but they also served as landmarks and symbols of Islam's presence. They can have a variety of forms, from thick, squat towers to soaring, pencil-thin spires. Etymology Two Arabic words are used to denote the minaret tower: ''manāra'' and ''manār''. The English word "minaret" originates from the former, via the Turkish version (). The Arabic word ''manāra'' (plural: ''manārāt'') originally meant a "lamp stand", a cognate of Hebrew '' menorah''. It is assumed to be a derivation of an older reconstructed form, ''manwara''. The other word, ''manār'' (plural: ''manā'ir'' or ''manāyir''), means "a place of light". Both words derive from the Arabic root ''n-w-r'', which has a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ignacy Mościcki
Ignacy Mościcki (; 1 December 18672 October 1946) was a Polish chemist and politician who was the country's president from 1926 to 1939. He was the longest serving president in Polish history. Mościcki was the President of Poland when Germany invaded the country on 1 September 1939 and started World War II. Early life and career Mościcki was born on 1 December 1867 in Mierzanowo, a small village near Ciechanów, Congress Poland. After completing school in Warsaw, he studied chemistry at the Riga Polytechnicum, where he joined the Polish underground leftist organization, ''Proletariat''. Upon graduating, he returned to Warsaw but was threatened by the Tsarist secret police with life imprisonment in Siberia and was forced to emigrate in 1892 to London. In 1896, he was offered an assistantship at the University of Fribourg in Switzerland. There he patented a method for cheap industrial production of nitric acid. In 1912, Mościcki moved to Lviv ( pl, Lwów), in the Kingdom of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Novogrudok
Novogrudok ( be, Навагрудак, Navahrudak; lt, Naugardukas; pl, Nowogródek; russian: Новогрудок, Novogrudok; yi, נאַוואַראַדאָק, Novhardok, Navaradok) is a town in the Grodno Region, Belarus. In the Middle Ages, the city was ruled by King Mindaugas' son Vaišvilkas. The only mention of a possible Lithuanian early capital of Mindaugas in the contemporaneous sources is Voruta, whose most likely location has been identified as the Šeimyniškėliai mound or hillfort. According to the Lithuanian historian Artūras Dubonis, the claim that Mindaugas' capital was in Novogrudok is false, as they began with the unreliable 16th-century ''Bychowiec Chronicle'', whose claims were repeated a century later by Maciej Stryjkowski. During and after Mindaugas' rule, Novogrudok was part of the Kingdom of Lithuania, and later the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which was later part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. In the 14th century, it was an episcopal se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Polish Republic
The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 1918 and 1939. The state was established on 6 November 1918, before the end of the First World War. The Second Republic ceased to exist in 1939, when Invasion of Poland, Poland was invaded by Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union and the Slovak Republic (1939–1945), Slovak Republic, marking the beginning of the European theatre of World War II, European theatre of the Second World War. In 1938, the Second Republic was the sixth largest country in Europe. According to the Polish census of 1921, 1921 census, the number of inhabitants was 27.2 million. By 1939, just before the outbreak of World War II, this had grown to an estimated 35.1 million. Almost a third of the population came from minority groups: 13.9% Ruthenians; 10% Ashkenazi Jews; 3.1% Belarusians; 2.3% Germans and 3.4% Czechs and Lithuanians. At the same time, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lipka Tatars
The Lipka Tatars (Lipka – refers to ''Lithuania'', also known as Lithuanian Tatars; later also – Polish Tatars, Polish-Lithuanian Tatars, ''Lipkowie'', ''Lipcani'', ''Muślimi'', ''Lietuvos totoriai'') are a Turkic ethnic group who originally settled in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania at the beginning of the 14th century. The first Tatar settlers tried to preserve their shamanistic religion and sought asylum amongst the non-Christian Lithuanians.Lietuvos totoriai ir jų šventoji knyga - Koranas Towards the end of the 14th century, another wave of Tatars – this time, , were invited into the Grand Duchy by |
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