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National Federation Of Hides And Leather
The National Federation of Hides and Leather (french: Fédération des Cuirs et Peaux) was a trade union representing workers in the leather and fur industries, including shoemakers, in France. The first National Federation of Hides and Leather was established in 1868, but soon collapsed, and attempts in 1883 and 1891 to revive it also foundered. It was permanently established in 1893, at a congress in Paris. The union affiliated to the General Confederation of Labour (CGT). Henri Dret served as general secretary of the union from 1904 to 1908, and again from 1915 to 1934. Charles Michels served from 1937, and maintained some underground organisation during World War II, but was executed in 1941. His close comrade, Fernand Maurice, then organised underground work, and later served as general secretary, from 1948 to 1961. In 1948, a minority of the union left, to form the Federation of Hides, Leather, and Kindred Trades, affiliated to Workers' Force The General Confedera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Union
A trade union (labor union in American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers intent on "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment", ch. I such as attaining better wages and benefits (such as holiday, health care, and retirement), improving working conditions, improving safety standards, establishing complaint procedures, developing rules governing status of employees (rules governing promotions, just-cause conditions for termination) and protecting the integrity of their trade through the increased bargaining power wielded by solidarity among workers. Trade unions typically fund their head office and legal team functions through regularly imposed fees called ''union dues''. The delegate staff of the trade union representation in the workforce are usually made up of workplace volunteers who are often appointed by members in democratic elections. The trade union, through an elected leadership and bargaining committee, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Confederation Of Labour (France)
The General Confederation of Labour (french: Confédération Générale du Travail, CGT) is a national trade union center, founded in 1895 in the city of Limoges. It is the first of the five major French confederations of trade unions. It is the largest in terms of votes (32.1% at the 2002 professional election, 34.0% in the 2008 election), and second largest in terms of membership numbers. Its membership decreased to 650,000 members in 1995–96 (it had more than doubled when François Mitterrand was elected president in 1981), before increasing today to between 700,000 and 720,000 members, slightly fewer than the Confédération Française Démocratique du Travail (CFDT). According to the historian M. Dreyfus, the direction of the CGT is slowly evolving, since the 1990s, during which it cut all organic links with the French Communist Party (PCF), in favour of a more moderate stance. The CGT is concentrating its attention, in particular since the 1995 general strikes, to tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Michels
:''see also Charles Michels (Paris Métro)'' Charles Michels (6 March 1903, in Paris – 22 October 1941, in Châteaubriant) was a trade unionist and communist militant. He was deputy of the 15th arrondissement in Paris. During the Second World War, Michels was one of the 48 hostages shot in Chateaubriant, Nantes and Paris in retaliation for the assassination of Karl Hotz, Feldkommandant of Nazi occupied Nantes. Childhood and youth Michels was born of an unknown father, in 1906, he was adopted by Jean Michels, a boilermaker who married his mother Louise Lecoq, a labourer.Nathalie Viet-Depaule, article « Charles Michels » dans ''Dictionnaire biographique du mouvement ouvrier'', éditions ouvrières, 2000. He was raised in the 13th arrondissement of Paris and had to start working very young: he was hired at eleven years in a shoe factory.Jean Jolly (dir.), Dictionnaire biographique des parlementaires français', Presses universitaires de France, 1960. Union activist In 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federation Of Hides, Leather, And Kindred Trades
The Federation of Hides, Leather, and Kindred Trades (french: Fédération des cuirs et peaux et parties similaires) was a trade union representing workers in various related industries, including shoemaking, in France. The union was established on 11 April 1948, at a meeting in Paris. Its members split from the National Federation of Hides and Leather, unhappy with the influence of the French Communist Party in that union, and it affiliated to Workers' Force. It was initially led by André Derdos, who since February had been the secretary of the General Union of Hides and Skins of the Paris Region. By 1960, the union claimed 3,500 members. In 1962, it merged with the Clothing and Hat Federation, to form the General Federation of Hides and Skins and Clothing. Despite this, membership declined, in line with job losses in the industry, and in 1978, it merged with the National Federation of Textiles The National Federation of Textiles (french: Fédération nationale des Tex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Workers' Force
The General Confederation of Labor - Workers' Force (french: Confédération Générale du Travail - Force Ouvrière, or simply , FO), is one of the five major union confederations in France. In terms of following, it is the third behind the CGT and the CFDT. Force Ouvrière was founded in 1948 by former members of the General Confederation of Labor (CGT) who denounced the dominance of the French Communist Party over that federation. FO is a member of the European Trade Union Confederation. Its leader is Pascal Pavageau since April 2018. History After World War II, members of the French Communist Party attained considerable influence within the CGT, controlling 21 of its 30 federations. Senior figures such as Robert Bothereau and the former secretary general, Léon Jouhaux, opposed this development. These opponents denounced Communist influence as a threat to the independent position of trade unions, a principle enshrined in the 1906 '' Charte d'Amiens''. They founded a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Federation Of Textile Industry Workers
The National Federation of Textile Industry Workers (french: Fédération nationale ouvrière de l'industrie textile) was a trade union representing workers in the textile industry in France. The union was founded in November 1891 by unions based in Lyon, Lille, Roubaix and Fourmies. Initially based in Lyon, in 1902 its headquarters moved to Lille. From 1903, it published a national journal, ''Le Travailleur du Textile''. The union was long the largest affiliated to the General Confederation of Labour (CGT), with more than 100,000 members by 1920, and more than 350,000 by 1937. In 1948, a minority of the union left to form the rival National Federation of Textiles.{{cite web , title=VANHONACKER Maurice , url=https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article137419 , website=Le Maitron , accessdate=14 May 2020 In 1985, the union merged with the National Federation of Hides and Leather, and the Clothing Federation, to form the Textile, Leather and Clothing Federation. General Secretaries :1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clothing Federation
The Clothing Federation (french: Fédération de l'Habillement) was a trade union representing workers in the garment industry in France. The union was established in 1892, on the initiative of the tailors of Nîmes. It affiliated to the General Confederation of Labour (CGT) and grew in size. From the 1920s, it began working closely with the Hatters' Federation. In 1941, the leaders of the two federations led splits to form a single, pro- Vichy government union, and were expelled from the CGT. The underground majority of the union continued, and in 1946, the hatters finally merged into the Clothing Federation. In 1947. a minority of the union left and soon formed the rival Clothing and Hat Federation. In 1985, the union merged with the National Federation of Textile Industry Workers, and the National Federation of Hides and Leather The National Federation of Hides and Leather (french: Fédération des Cuirs et Peaux) was a trade union representing workers in the leather ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Textile, Leather And Clothing Federation
The Textile, Clothing, Leather and Laundry Federation (french: Fédération textile habillement cuir blanchisserie, THCB) is a trade union representing workers in several related industries in France. The union was founded in 1985, when the National Federation of Textile Industry Workers merged with the National Federation of Hides and Leather, and the Clothing Federation The Clothing Federation (french: Fédération de l'Habillement) was a trade union representing workers in the garment industry in France. The union was established in 1892, on the initiative of the tailors of Nîmes. It affiliated to the Genera .... The union was originally named the Textile, Leather and Clothing Federation, but changed its name in 2014, when it created a new section for laundry workers. Like its predecessors, the union is affiliated to the General Confederation of Labour (CGT). General Secretaries :1985: Christian Larose :2003: Maurad Rabhi External links *{{official website, https:// ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions Established In 1893
Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market. An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct exchange of goods and services for other goods and services, i.e. trading things without the use of money. Modern traders generally negotiate through a medium of exchange, such as money. As a result, buying can be separated from selling, or earning. The invention of money (and letter of credit, paper money, and non-physical money) greatly simplified and promoted trade. Trade between two traders is called bilateral trade, while trade involving more than two traders is called multilateral trade. In one modern view, trade exists due to specialization and the division of labour, a predominant form of economic activity in which individuals and groups concentrate on a small aspect of production, but use their output in trades for other produc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions Disestablished In 1985
Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market. An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct exchange of goods and services for other goods and services, i.e. trading things without the use of money. Modern traders generally negotiate through a medium of exchange, such as money. As a result, buying can be separated from selling, or earning. The invention of money (and letter of credit, paper money, and non-physical money) greatly simplified and promoted trade. Trade between two traders is called bilateral trade, while trade involving more than two traders is called multilateral trade. In one modern view, trade exists due to specialization and the division of labour, a predominant form of economic activity in which individuals and groups concentrate on a small aspect of production, but use their output in trades for other products and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions In France
A list of trade unions in France: Unions *Five confederations recognized by the state as representative trade union: **''Confédération Française Démocratique du Travail'' (CFDT) **''Confédération Française des Travailleurs Chrétiens'' (CFTC) **''Confédération générale du travail'' (CGT) **'' Confédération Française de l'Encadrement - Confédération Générale des Cadres'' (CFE-CGC) **'' Confédération générale du travail - Force Ouvrière'' (FO) *Other large unions: ** ''Union nationale des syndicats autonomes'' (UNSA) ** '' Solidaire'' *Regional Unions: ** ''Confédération générale du travail - Martinique'' (CGTM) in Martinique ** ''Confédération générale du travail de Guadeloupe'' (CGTM) in Guadeloupe ** '' Corsican Workers' Trade Union'' (STC) in Corsica ** ''Syndicat des Travailleurs de Bretagne'' (STB) in Brittany ** ''Langile Abertzaleen Batzordeak'' (LAB) in Basque country ** ''Union syndicale des travailleurs kanaks et des exploités'' (USTKE ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
