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Naranjo, Guatemala
Naranjo is a Pre-Columbian Maya city in the Petén Basin region of Guatemala. It was occupied from about 500 BC to 950 AD, with its height in the Late Classic Period. The site is part of Yaxha-Nakum-Naranjo National Park. The city lies along the Mopan and Holmul rivers, and is about 50 km east of the site of Tikal. Naranjo has been the victim of severe looting. The site is known for its polychrome ceramic style "Naranjo" in Spanish means "Orange Tree", which in turn derives from the Mayan name Wak Kab'nal. The emblem glyph of the Naranjo is transliterated as Sa'aal “the place where (maize) gruel abounds.” The Naranjo dynastic rulers are said to be the "Holy Lords of Sa'aal." Layout of site The area of Naranjo covers at least 8 km² with the urban center covering about 2.25 km². There are currently 389 recorded buildings in the central area and over 900 around the center. The epicenter consists of six triadic complexes, two ballcourts, two palace compound ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petén Department
Petén is a department of Guatemala. It is geographically the northernmost department of Guatemala, as well as the largest by area at it accounts for about one third of Guatemala's area. The capital is Flores. The population at the mid-2018 official estimate was 595,548. Geography The Petén department is bordered on the east by Belize and by Mexico (with the Mexican states of Chiapas to the west, Tabasco to the northwest and Campeche to the north). To the south it borders the Guatemalan departments of Alta Verapaz and Izabal.ITMB Publishing Ltd. 2005. Much of the western border with Mexico is formed by the Usumacinta River and its tributary the Salinas River. Portions of the southern border of the department are formed by the rivers Gracias a Dios and Santa Isabel. The Petén lowlands are formed by a densely forested low-lying limestone plain featuring karstic topography. The area is crossed by low east-west oriented ridges of Cenozoic limestone and is characterised by a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yax Mayuy Chan Chaak
Yax Mayuy Chan Chaak (died 744?) was a ruler of the Maya city of Naranjo who is mentioned on Naranjo stelae 18 and 46. He was the king after K'ak' Tiliw Chan Chaak, who was possibly his older brother or his father. On August 15, 725 CE, he participated in a poorly-understood ritual at Naranjo with the otherwise-unknown Yax Bajlaj Chan Chaak, according to Stela 46; this ritual may have been a type of recognition of the heirship to the throne. He played a role in a successful military conquest of the Komkom people in 726 CE, when he was a young man or teenager, according to Stela 18. Because of the scarcity of monuments from his administration, his rule is considered to take place during the "Second Hiatus Period" at Naranjo. During his time in office, Naranjo suffered a series of military losses at the hands of Tikal, possibly as fallout from Naranjo's support for Tikal's enemy Dos Pilas Dos Pilas is a Pre-Columbian site of the Maya civilization located in what is now the d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yaxha
Yaxha (or Yaxhá in Spanish orthography) is a Mesoamerican archaeological site in the northeast of the Petén Basin region, and a former ceremonial centre and city of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization. Yaxha was the third largest city in the region and experienced its maximum power during the Early Classic period (c. AD 250–600). The city was located on a ridge overlooking Lake Yaxha. The name of the city derives from the Mayan for "blue-green water"; it is a notable survival of a Classic period place-name into the modern day. The Yaxha kingdom is estimated to have covered an area of and to have had a peak population of 42,000 in the Late Classic period of Mesoamerican chronology. Yaxha had a long history of occupation with the first settlement being founded sometime in the Middle Preclassic period (c. 1000–350 BC). It developed into the largest city in the eastern Petén lakes region during the Late Preclassic (c. 350 BC – AD 250) and expanded into an enormous city durin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ucanal
Ucanal is an archaeological site of the ancient Maya civilization. It is located near the source of the Belize River in the Petén department of present-day northern Guatemala. Location Ucanal is located inside a bend of the Mopan River. It is accessed via the highway from Flores to Melchor de Mencos, and is near the village of Tikalito. It is south of Tikal. History Ucanal was located in a strategic location near the source of the Belize River. The ancient name of the Ucanal polity was ''K'anwitznal,'' and one of its first rulers was Ajaw K'uk' or Lord Quetzal. The city had strong ties with Tikal and, in the 7th century AD, with Caracol. Ucanal was attacked by the ''Kalomte'' queen-regent, Wac' Chanil Ahau or Lady Six Sky of Naranjo (Saal) in September and December of 693; and on 1 February 695 Ucanal's lord Kinich Cab ("Shield-Jaguar") was captured by the ruler of Naranjo. Kinich Cab was held at Naranjo until 22 June 712; Ucanal was reduced to the status of vassal of that cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Chaak
Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Chaak (born January 4, 688 CE), alternatively known by the nickname Smoking Squirrel bestowed before his name glyph was deciphered, was a Maya ruler of Naranjo. He led the city during an extensive military campaign against Yaxha; however, because of his young age at the time, it is presumed that his mother organized much of the campaignref name=":728" /> His grandfather, Bʼalaj Chan Kʼawiil, B'alaj Chan K'awiil of Dos Pilas, sent K'ak' Tiliw's mother Lady Six Sky (sometimes called Lady Wak Chanil Ajaw but probably actually Wak Chan Jalam Lem?) to Naranjo to reestablish a royal dynasty there after the defeat of Naranjo under Ruler I by Caracol. The first sacred rituals for her arrival began on August 30, 682. K'ak' Tiliw Chan Chaak became ruler of Naranjo on May 31, 693. Shortly after, Naranjo fought and won a series of victories against polities, some of whom may have been rebelling against K'ak' Tiliw's mother. While most of these were smaller polities, Yax ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dos Pilas
Dos Pilas is a Pre-Columbian site of the Maya civilization located in what is now the department of Petén, Guatemala. It dates to the Late Classic Period, and was founded by an offshoot of the dynasty of the great city of Tikal in AD 629 in order to control trade routes in the Petexbatún region, particularly the Pasión River.Salisbury, Koumenalis & Barbara Moffett 2002. In AD 648 Dos Pilas broke away from Tikal and became a vassal state of Calakmul, although the first two kings of Dos Pilas continued to use the same emblem glyph that Tikal did.Webster 2002, p. 263. It was a predator state from the beginning, conquering Itzan, Arroyo de Piedra and Tamarindito. Dos Pilas and a nearby city, Aguateca, eventually became the twin capitals of a single ruling dynasty. The kingdom as a whole has been named as the Petexbatun Kingdom, after Lake Petexbatún, a body of water draining into the Pasión River. Dos Pilas gives an important glimpse into the grea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lady Six Sky
Lady Six Sky (possibly Ix Wak Chan Jalam Ajaw Lem? in ancient Mayan), also known as Lady Wac Chanil Ahau or Wak Chanil Ajaw (d. 741 CE), was a Maya queen of Naranjo who was born in Dos Pilas. She lived in Naranjo from 682 to her death (or shortly before her death) in 741. During that time, she probably served as de facto ruler of the city; however, monuments such as Stela 24 suggest she was never formally recognized as such, since she continued to use the emblem glyph of Dos Pilas throughout her life. Because the reading of her name is currently contested, scholars typically refer to her as Lady Six Sky, which is the English translation of a readable portion of her name (''Wak Chan'' meaning Six Sky). Monuments that refer to Lady Six Sky include: Naranjo stelae 3, 18, 24, 29, 31, and 46. Personal life Lady Six Sky was the daughter of B'alaj Chan K'awiil of Dos Pilas and a woman who may have been named Lady B'ulu ? or Lady B'uluka'l. Though Lady B'ulu was not B'alaj Chan K'a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Star War
A star war was a decisive conflict between rival polities of the Maya civilization during the first millennium AD. The term comes from a specific type of glyph used in the Maya script, which depicts a star showering the earth with liquid droplets, or a star over a shell. It represents a verb but its phonemic value and specific meaning have not yet been deciphered. The name "star war" was coined by the epigrapher Linda Schele to refer to the glyph, and by extension to the type of conflict that it indicates. Examples Maya inscriptions assign episodes of Maya warfare to four distinct categories, each represented by its own glyph. Those accorded the greatest significance by the Maya were described with the "star war" glyph, representing a major war resulting in the defeat of one polity by another. This represents the installation of a new dynastic line of rulers, complete dominion of one polity over another, or a successful war of independence by a formerly dominated polity. Losing a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
K'ahk' Xiiw Chan Chaahk
K'ahk' Xiiw Chan Chaahk (ruled c. 644 CE to c. 680 CE) was a Maya ruler of Naranjo who suffered a defeat by Caracol, probably in 680 CE. He is sometimes known as K'ahk' Skull Chan Chaak, a nickname bestowed by archaeologists before they could read the word "Xiiw." He was the 37th ruler of Naranjo according to inscriptions at the site, and succeeded the little-known K'uxaj. His reign occurred during the first hiatus period at Naranjo, and his rule produced no known surviving monuments. However, some elements of his life have been reconstructed. He was probably in power by 644 CE, and he fought a successful star war against Caracol, even dragging a stairway listing Caracol's accomplishments back to the city of Naranjo. Yet a stucco text from Caracol, which is badly eroded, suggests Caracol retaliated. The record at Naranjo goes silent until the arrival of Lady Six Sky from Dos Pilas Dos Pilas is a Pre-Columbian site of the Maya civilization located in what is now the department ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caracol
Caracol is a large ancient Maya archaeological site, located in what is now the Cayo District, of Belize. It is situated approximately south of Xunantunich, and the town of San Ignacio, and from the Macal River. It rests on the Vaca Plateau, at an elevation of above sea-level, in the foothills of the Maya Mountains.Arlen Chase and Diane Chase, 1987 Investigations at the Classic Maya City of Caracol, Belize: 1985-1987. Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco. Long thought to be a tertiary center, it is now known that the site was one of the most important regional political centers of the Maya Lowlands during the Classic Period. Caracol covered approximately ,Arlen Chase and Diane Chase 2009 Interpreting the Maya “Collapse”: Continued Investigation of Residential Complexes in and near Caracol’s Epicenter: 2009 Field Report of the Caracol Archaeological Project. http://caracol.org/reports/2009.php , accessed November 20, 2011 covering an area much larger than ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
