Namdong Line
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Namdong Line
The Namdong Line was a non-electrified secondary railway line of the Korean State Railway in South P'yŏngan Province, North Korea, from P'yŏngnam Onch'ŏn on the P'yŏngnam Line to Namdong, where it connected to the (now closed) Namdong Branch of the Sŏhae Line.Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō) The line was used to transport coal from the Sŏhae Line to the thermal power plant at Namp'o Nampo (North Korean official spelling: Nampho; ), also spelled Namp'o, is the second largest city by population and an important seaport in North Korea, which lies on the northern shore of the Taedong River, 15 km east of the river's mouth. ....Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), p. 86 The line was closed sometime in the 2000s; the line was still depicted as active in the 2002 passenger timetable.Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), p. 127 The tracks, as well as some of the bridges, have sinc ...
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Passenger Rail Terminology
Various terms are used for passenger railway lines and equipment; the usage of these terms differs substantially between areas: Rapid transit A rapid transit system is an electric railway characterized by high speed (~) and rapid acceleration. It uses passenger railcars operating singly or in multiple unit trains on fixed rails. It operates on separate rights-of-way from which all other vehicular and foot traffic are excluded (i.e. is fully grade-separated from other traffic). It uses sophisticated signaling systems, and high platform loading. Originally, the term ''rapid transit'' was used in the 1800s to describe new forms of quick urban public transportation that had a right-of-way separated from street traffic. This set rapid transit apart from horsecars, trams, streetcars, omnibuses, and other forms of public transport. A variant of the term, ''mass rapid transit (MRT)'', is also used for metro systems in Southeast Asia and Taiwan. Though the term was almost alway ...
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South Pyongan Province
South Pyongan Province (Phyŏngannamdo; ) is a province of North Korea. The province was formed in 1896 from the southern half of the former Pyongan Province, remained a province of Korea until 1945, then became a province of North Korea. Its capital is Pyongsong. Geography The province is bordered by North Pyongan and Chagang Provinces to the north, South Hamgyong and Kangwon Provinces to the east and southeast and North Hwanghae Province and Pyongyang to the south. The Yellow Sea and Korea Bay are located to the west. Administrative divisions South P'yŏngan is divided into 1 special city (''tŭkpyŏlsi''); 5 cities (''si''); 16 counties (''kun''); and 3 districts (1 ''ku'' and 2 ''chigu''). Its administrative divisions are: Cities * Nampo Special City (남포특별시/; created in 2010) * Pyongsong (평성시/; the provincial capital, established December 1969) * Anju (안주시/; established August 1987) * Kaechon (개천시/; established August 1990) * Sunchon-si (순 ...
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Korean State Railway
The Korean State Railway (), commonly called the State Rail () is the operating arm of the Ministry of Railways of North Korea and has its headquarters at P'yŏngyang. The current Minister of Railways is Chang Jun Song. History 1945–1953: Liberation, Partition, and the Korean War The railway lines of North Korea were originally built during the Japanese occupation of Korea by the Chosen Government Railway (''Sentetsu''), the South Manchuria Railway (''Mantetsu'') and various privately owned railway companies such as the Chosen Railway (''Chōtetsu''). At the end of the Pacific War, in the territory of today's North Korea Sentetsu owned of railway, of which was standard gauge, and was narrow gauge; in the same territory, privately owned railway companies owned of rail lines, of which was standard gauge and was narrow gauge. At the same time, in September 1945 in the future territory of the DPRK there were 678 locomotives (124 steam tank, 446 tender, 99 narrow ...
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Chongnam Line
The Ch'ŏngnam Line is a partially electrified standard-gauge secondary line of the Korean State Railway in South P'yŏngan Province, North Korea, running from Ch'ŏngnam on the northern part of the Sŏhae Line to Samch'ŏnp'o via a loop line connecting several collieries to the mainline of the Sŏhae Line.Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), History The Korean State Railway built the Sŏhae Line to exploit coal fields in the area, opening the Mundŏk— Ch'ŏngnam— Samch'ŏnp'o— Namdong line in the 1970s;Choe, Un-sik, 한국의 전통 사회 운송 기구, , pp. 114-115 electrification of the line to Namdong was completed in 1978. In 1987 the line was expanded in two directions - one an extension westwards from Ch'ŏngnam (see Sŏhae Line The Sŏhae Line, also known as the Anju Colliery Line (안주 탄광선), is a partially electrified standard-gauge secondary line of the Korean State Railway in South P'yŏngan Province, North Korea, r ...
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Sohae Line
The Sŏhae Line, also known as the Anju Colliery Line (안주 탄광선), is a partially electrified standard-gauge secondary line of the Korean State Railway in South P'yŏngan Province, North Korea, running from Mundŏk on the P'yŏngŭi Line The P'yŏngŭi Line is an electrified main trunk line of the Korean State Railway of North Korea, running from P'yŏngyang to Sinŭiju on the border with China.Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), It is the main co ... to Hwap'ung.Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), The line is electrified between Mundŏk and P'yŏngnam Sŏho and between Ch'ŏngnam and Sŏsi. History In order to exploit coal fields in the area, the Korean State Railway opened the Mundŏk— Ch'ŏngnam— Namdong line in the 1970s.Choe, Un-sik, 한국의 전통 사회 운송 기구, , pp. 114-115 Electrification of the line to Namdong was completed in 1978. In 1987 the line was expanded in two direction ...
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Yellow Sea
The Yellow Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean located between mainland China and the Korean Peninsula, and can be considered the northwestern part of the East China Sea. It is one of four seas named after common colour terms (the others being the Black Sea, the Red Sea and the White Sea), and its name is descriptive of the golden-yellow colour of the silt-laden water discharged from major rivers. The innermost bay of northwestern Yellow Sea is called the Bohai Sea (previously Pechihli Bay or Chihli Bay), into which flow some of the most important rivers of northern China, such as the Yellow River (through Shandong province and its capital Jinan), the Hai River (through Beijing and Tianjin) and the Liao River (through Liaoning province). The northeastern extension of the Yellow Sea is called the Korea Bay, into which flow the Yalu River, the Chongchon River and the Taedong River. Since 1 November 2018, the Yellow Sea has also served as the location of "peace ...
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Korean People's Army Air Force
The Korean People's Army Air and Anti-Air Force (KPAAF; ; Hanja: 朝鮮人民軍 航空 및 反航空軍 ) is the unified military aviation force of North Korea. It is the second largest branch of the Korean People's Army comprising an estimated 110,000 members.North Korea Country Study
, pp. 18-19
It possesses around 950 aircraft of different types, mostly of decades-old Soviet and Chinese origin. Its primary task is to defend North Korean airspace.


History


Early years (1945–1949)

The Korean People's Army Air and Anti-Air Force began as the "Korean Aviation Society(조선 항공대)" in 1945. It was organized along the lines of flying clubs in the

Onchon Air Base
Onchon Air Base(온천비행장) is an air base near Onchon, Pyongan-namdo, North Korea. Facilities The airfield has a single concrete runway 01/19 measuring 8150 x 170 feet (2484 x 52 m). It has a full-length parallel taxiway and several aprons and hangars. It is on the west coast of North Korea and approximately west of Pyongyang Pyongyang (, , ) is the capital and largest city of North Korea, where it is known as the "Capital of the Revolution". Pyongyang is located on the Taedong River about upstream from its mouth on the Yellow Sea. According to the 2008 populatio .... Approximately to the southeast of the air base is an underground aviation complex with runways extending outwards from the tunnel systems. References {{authority control Airports in North Korea South Pyongan ...
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Pyongnam Line
The P'yŏngnam Line is an electrified standard-gauge trunk line of the Korean State Railway in North Korea, linking P'yŏngyang with the port city of Namp'o and the hot springs at P'yŏngnam Onch'ŏn. The length of the line is .Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), The P'yŏngnam Line serves as a connection between the various trunk lines starting at P'yŏngyang that serve the north and east of the country with the lines in the southwestern part of North Korea by means of a connection to the Sŏhae Kammun Line (West Sea Barrage Line). It connects to the Ryonggang Line and the Taean Line,The traffic and geography in North KoreaP'yŏngnam Line accessed 14 December 2017. (in Korean) as well as to the P'yŏngyanghwajŏn Line, the Chamjilli Line, the Posan Line, the Tojiri Line, the Namp'o Port Line, and, formerly, the Namdong Line. History The P'yŏngnam Line was originally built as two separate lines by two separate railway companies - the P'yŏng ...
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Railway
Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport that transfers passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, which are incorporated in tracks. In contrast to road transport, where the vehicles run on a prepared flat surface, rail vehicles (rolling stock) are directionally guided by the tracks on which they run. Tracks usually consist of steel rails, installed on sleepers (ties) set in ballast, on which the rolling stock, usually fitted with metal wheels, moves. Other variations are also possible, such as "slab track", in which the rails are fastened to a concrete foundation resting on a prepared subsurface. Rolling stock in a rail transport system generally encounters lower frictional resistance than rubber-tyred road vehicles, so passenger and freight cars (carriages and wagons) can be coupled into longer trains. The operation is carried out by a railway company, providing transport between train stations or freight customer facilit ...
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