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Najafqoli Khan Cherkes
Najafqoli Khan or Najafqoli Khan b. Qazaq Khan Cherkes was an Safavid Iran, Iranian ''Military_of_Safavid_Iran#Gholam, gholam'' of Circassians, Circassian origin, who served as ''beglerbeg'' (governor) of Safavid Shirvan, Shirvan (1st term; 1653, 2nd term; 1663–67) and of the Erivan Province (Safavid Empire), Erivan Province (also known as Chokhur-e Sa'd; 1656-1663). He was the son of the Safavid-Circassian military commander and governor Qazaq Khan Cherkes. In total, he held the governorship of Shirvan for 7 years. Sources * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Cherkes, Najafqoli Khan Iranian people of Circassian descent Safavid governors of Erivan Safavid governors of Shirvan Date of birth unknown Date of death unknown 17th-century people of Safavid Iran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hukm By Shah Suleiman I
''Ahkam'' (, ar, أحكام "rulings", plural of ()) is an Islamic term with several meanings. In the Quran, the word ''hukm'' is variously used to mean arbitration, judgement, authority, or God in Islam, God's will. In the early Islamic period, the Kharijites gave it political connotations by declaring that they accept only the ''hukm'' of God (). The word acquired new meanings in the course of Islamic history, being used to refer to worldly executive power or to a court decision. In the plural, ''ahkam'', it commonly refers to specific Quranic rules, or to the legal rulings derived using the methodology of fiqh. Sharia rulings fall into one of five categories known as "the five decisions" (''al-aḥkām al-khamsa''): Fard, mandatory (''farḍ'' or ''wājib''), Mustahabb, recommended (''mandūb'' or ''mustaḥabb''), Mubah, neutral/permissible (''mubāḥ''), Makruh, reprehensible (''makrūh''), and Haram, forbidden (''ḥarām''). According to scholar of Islam Joseph Schacht ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safavid Iran
Safavid Iran or Safavid Persia (), also referred to as the Safavid Empire, '. was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history, as well as one of the gunpowder empires. The Safavid Shāh Ismā'īl I established the Twelver denomination of Shīʿa Islam as the official religion of the empire, marking one of the most important turning points in the history of Islam. An Iranian dynasty rooted in the Sufi Safavid order founded by Kurdish sheikhs, it heavily intermarried with Turkoman, Georgian, Circassian, and Pontic GreekAnthony Bryer. "Greeks and Türkmens: The Pontic Exception", ''Dumbarton Oaks Papers, Vol. 29'' (1975), Appendix II "Genealogy of the Muslim Marriages of the Princesses of Trebizond" dignitaries and was Turkish-speaking and Turkified. From their base in Ardabil, the Safavids established control ove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Of Safavid Iran
The Military of Safavid Iran covers the military history of Safavid Iran from 1501 to 1736. Foundation of the Safavid military It was the first Safavid king (shah), Ismail I (1501–1524), who laid foundation to the Safavid military. Its origins date back to 1500, when Ismail decided to come out of hiding from Lahijan, a city in Gilan, northern Iran. On his way to Azerbaijan (Iran), Azerbaijan, he recruited followers, and had already recruited 450 at Rasht and 1,500 at Tarom County, Tarom. By summer, Ismail had already gathered 7,000 followers, mostly Turkmens from Asia Minor, whom he had rallied together in Erzincan, while the rest were Iranian peoples, Iranians, mainly from northern Iran, such as the Talysh people. Ismail Safavid conquest of Shirvan, fought the Shirvanshah Farrukh Yassar during the same year, where his army is said to have ranged from 7,000 to 40,000. Another founding element of the Safavid armies, alongside the Turkomans and the Iranians, were ethnic Georgi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassians
The Circassians (also referred to as Cherkess or Adyghe; Adyghe and Kabardian: Адыгэхэр, romanized: ''Adıgəxər'') are an indigenous Northwest Caucasian ethnic group and nation native to the historical country-region of Circassia in the North Caucasus. As a consequence of the Circassian genocide, which was perpetrated by the Russian Empire in the 19th century during the Russo-Circassian War, most Circassians were exiled from their homeland in Circassia to modern-day Turkey and the rest of the Middle East, where the majority of them are concentrated today. The Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization estimated in the early 1990s that there are as many as 3.7 million Circassians in diaspora in over 50 countries. The Circassian language is the ancestral language of the Circassian people, and Islam has been the dominant religion among them since the 17th century. Circassia has been subject to repeated invasions since ancient times; its isolated terrain coupled wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safavid Shirvan
The Shirvan province ( fa, ولایت شیروان, Velāyat-e Shirvān) was a province founded by the Safavid Empire on the territory of modern Azerbaijan and Russia (Dagestan) between 1501 and 1736 with its capital in the town of Shamakhi. The province had six administrative jurisdictions; Alpa'ur, Arash— Shaki, Baku, Chemeshgazak—Agdash, Derbent (Darband), Quba—Qolhan, and Saliyan. The capital of Shamakhi had a separate governor, but is not mentioned by the then contemporary historians and geographers to have formed a separate administrative jurisdiction. Control over Shirvan was firmly held by the Safavids from the time of the subjugation of Shirvan (except for several brief Ottoman intermissions) when eventually the Afsharid ruler of Iran, Nader Shah established firm rule over the area until the area. After his death, the area was divided into various subordinate various khanates, before they were conquered by the Russian Empire from Qajar Iran in the course of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erivan Province (Safavid Empire)
The Erivan Province ( fa, ولایت ایروان, translit=Velāyat-e Iravān), also known as Chokhur-e Sa'd ( fa, چخور سعد, links=no), was a province of the Safavid Empire, centered on the territory of the present-day Armenia. Erivan (Yerevan) was the provincial capital and the seat of the Safavid governors. At the end of the Safavid period, it had the following administrative jurisdictions; Bayazid, Maghazberd (now near Üçbölük village of Arpaçay district), Maku, Nakhchivan, Sadarak, Shadidlu, Zaruzbil, and the tribal district of the Donbolis. The provinces of Erivan and Qarabagh were the two administrative territories that made up Iranian Armenia. History The alternate name of the province, ''Chokhur-e Sa'd'', had been in use since the fourteenth century. The name is derived from a certain Amir Sa'd, the leader of the Turkic Sa'dlu tribe, who had accompanied Timur from Central Asia. The Sa'dlu's had become prominent under their leader, Amir Sa'd, and settled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qazaq Khan Cherkes
Qazaq Khan Cherkes was a military commander in Safavid Iran of Circassian origin, who also served as the governor (''beglarbeg'') of Shirvan (1624–1633) and Astarabad (1639–1640). A high-ranking member of the ''gholam'' military corps, he was furthermore appointed head of the Qaramanlu and Keneslu Qizilbash troops by then incumbent king Abbas I (r. 1588–1629) as part of the latter's policy to diminish the political influence of the Qizilbash. In 1632, during king Safi's (r. 1629–42) bloody purges, his relative, the prominent Circassian courtier A courtier () is a person who attends the royal court of a monarch or other royalty. The earliest historical examples of courtiers were part of the retinues of rulers. Historically the court was the centre of government as well as the official ... Yusuf Agha was murdered, while Qazaq Khan Cherkes was deposed and imprisoned in 1633. He nevertheless later returned on the political scene in the last years of Safi's reign, when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad-Qoli Khan Of Yerevan
Mohammad-Qoli Khan or Mohammad-Qoli Khan b. Laleh Beg ( fl. 17th-century), was a Safavid official who served as the governor (''beglarbeg'') of the Erivan Province (also known as Chokhur-e Sa'd) in 1654–1656, succeeding the Circassian Kaykhosrow Khan Cherkes to this post. According to the modern historian Rudi Matthee, during the "scheming" of incumbent grand vizier Mohammad Beg Mohammad Beg ( fa, محمد بیگ; died 1672), was a Muslim of Armenian origin, who served as the Grand Vizier of the Safavid king (''shah'') Abbas II (r. 1642–1666) from 1654 to 1661. Origins Mohammad Beg was born in Tabriz to an Armenian ... (1654–1666), by which the latter managed to get rid of his adversaries, Mohammad-Qoli Khan was probably also one of those officials who lost their job. References Sources * * {{s-end 17th-century deaths Safavid governors of Erivan 17th-century people of Safavid Iran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khosrow Soltan Armani
Khosrow Soltan Armani, also known as Khosrow Khan (died 1653), was a 17th-century Safavid official, military commander, and ''gholam'' of Armenian origin. He held numerous posts at various times. First, he served as the prefect of the Bakhtiari tribe for a lengthy period (''darughah-ye il-e Bakhtiyar''). Then, he served as a steward of the Javanshir tribe in Karabagh (''hakem-e il-e Javanshir''). Later, he held the post of "master of the hunt" (''mīr shekār-bāshi'') and was given the governorship of Abhar (Soltaniyeh). Lastly, he also served as the governor (''beglarbeg'') of Shirvan from 1643 to 1653. During his governorship in Shirvan, Khosrow participated in the successful Safavid offensive during the Russo-Persian War of 1651–1653, which resulted in the Russian fortress on the Iranian side of the Terek River being destroyed and its garrison expelled. To denote that he was a convert, in the then contemporary sources Khosrow was referred to as being "new to Islam" (''jadi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian People Of Circassian Descent
Iranian may refer to: * Iran, a sovereign state * Iranian peoples, the speakers of the Iranian languages. The term Iranic peoples is also used for this term to distinguish the pan ethnic term from Iranian, used for the people of Iran * Iranian languages, a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages * Iranian diaspora, Iranian people living outside Iran * Iranian architecture, architecture of Iran and parts of the rest of West Asia * Iranian foods, list of Iranian foods and dishes * Iranian.com, also known as ''The Iranian'' and ''The Iranian Times'' See also * Persian (other) * Iranians (other) * Languages of Iran * Ethnicities in Iran * Demographics of Iran * Indo-Iranian languages * Irani (other) * List of Iranians This is an alphabetic list of notable people from Iran or its historical predecessors. In the news * Ali Khamenei, supreme leader of Iran * Ebrahim Raisi, president of Iran, former Chief Justice of Iran. * Hassan Rouhani, former president ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safavid Governors Of Erivan
Safavid Iran or Safavid Persia (), also referred to as the Safavid Empire, '. was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history, as well as one of the gunpowder empires. The Safavid Shāh Ismā'īl I established the Twelver denomination of Shīʿa Islam as the official religion of the empire, marking one of the most important turning points in the history of Islam. An Iranian dynasty rooted in the Sufi Safavid order founded by Kurdish sheikhs, it heavily intermarried with Turkoman, Georgian, Circassian, and Pontic GreekAnthony Bryer. "Greeks and Türkmens: The Pontic Exception", ''Dumbarton Oaks Papers, Vol. 29'' (1975), Appendix II "Genealogy of the Muslim Marriages of the Princesses of Trebizond" dignitaries and was Turkish-speaking and Turkified. From their base in Ardabil, the Safavids established control over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safavid Governors Of Shirvan
Safavid Iran or Safavid Persia (), also referred to as the Safavid Empire, '. was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history, as well as one of the gunpowder empires. The Safavid Shāh Ismā'īl I established the Twelver denomination of Shia Islam, Shīʿa Islam as the Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam, official religion of the empire, marking one of the most important turning points in the history of Islam. An Iranian dynasty rooted in the Sufi Safavid order founded by Kurdish people, Kurdish sheikhs, it heavily intermarried with Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman, Georgians, Georgian, Circassians, Circassian, and Pontic Greeks, Pontic GreekAnthony Bryer. "Greeks and Türkmens: The Pontic Exception", ''Dumbarton Oaks Papers, Vol. 29'' (1975), Appendix II "Genealogy of the Muslim Marriages of the Princesses of Tre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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