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Nafi' Bin Hilal Al-Jamali
Nafi' ibn Hilal al-Jamali ( ar, نَافِع ٱبْن هِلَال ٱلْجَمَلِيّ) was originally from Yemen and one of the braves and nobles of Arabs. He was one of the companions of Ali ibn Abi Talib and helped Husayn ibn Ali in battle of Karbala and finally was killed in that battle. Background He was one of the companions of Ali ibn Abi Talib. He had been with Ali ibn Abi Talib in all of his battles: Siffin, Nahrawan, and Jamal. Before Muslim ibn Aqil was killed in Kufa, joined to Husayn's caravan and came with him to Karbala. In Karbala In battle of Karbala Nafi' had written his name on the arrows by poison and shot them and recited: "I shoot it, and its tips trained, In poison, on the wind borne, To fill the earth with shots, and the soul, Is not benefited by fear at all. Twelve men of enemy were killed by Nafi' ibn Hilal then his arms were injured by stones that were shot by enemies and he was taken as a captive. Shimr and his soldiers carried him to Umar ibn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Husayn Ibn Ali
Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib ( ar, أبو عبد الله الحسين بن علي بن أبي طالب; 10 January 626 – 10 October 680) was a grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a son of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Muhammad's daughter Fatima, as well as a younger brother of Hasan ibn Ali. He is claimed to be the third Imam of Shia Islam after his brother, Hasan, and before his son, Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin. Being a grandson of the prophet, he is a member of the Ahl al-Bayt. He is also considered to be a member of the Ahl al-Kisa, and a participant in the event of Mubahala. Muhammad described him and his brother, Hasan, as "the leaders of the youth of Paradise." During the caliphate of Ali, Husayn accompanied him in wars. After the assassination of Ali, he obeyed his brother in recognizing Hasan–Muawiya treaty, in spite of being suggested to do otherwise. In the nine-year period between Hasan's abdication in AH 41 (660 CE) and his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of The Camel
The Battle of the Camel, also known as the Battle of Jamel or the Battle of Basra, took place outside of Basra, Iraq, in 36 AH (656 CE). The battle was fought between the army of the fourth caliph Ali, on one side, and the rebel army led by Aisha, Talha and Zubayr, on the other side. Ali was the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, while Aisha was a widow of Muhammad, and Talha and Zubayr were both prominent companions of Muhammad. Ali emerged victorious from this battle, Talha and Zubayr were both killed, and Aisha was sent back to Hejaz afterward. The triumvirate had revolted against Ali ostensibly to avenge the assassination of the third caliph Uthman, though the leading roles of Aisha and Talha in inciting against Uthman are well-cited. The three also called for the removal of Ali and the appointment of his replacement by a Qurayshite council (''shura'') which was to include Talha and Zubayr. Background Opposition to Uthman Ali and other s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burayr Ibn Khudayr Al-Hamdani
Burayr ibn Khuḍayr al-Hamdānī ( ar, بُرَيْر بن خُضَيْر ٱلْهَمْدَانِيّ) was descended from ''Bani Mashriq'', a branch of Banu Hamdan, who were originally from Yemen. He was a Qāriʾ and used to teach Quran in Masjid al-Kufa. He was also one of the Tabi'un and a companion of Ali as well. When Burayr heard of Husayn ibn Ali's migration from Medina to Karbala, he left Kufa to join Husayn's army. Objection to Umar ibn Sa'd Some companions of Husayn condemned Umar ibn Sa'd for denying water access to Husayn ibn Ali in the Battle of Karbala among whom was Burayr ibn Khudayr who went to Ibn Sa'd and called out whether he would leave the "family of prophethood to die of thirst" while he claimed he knew God and His Messenger. Mubahala with Yazid Yazid bin Moqal, an ally of Abd al-Qays moved towards the camp of Husayn and reaching near, he called out in a loud voice to Burayr ibn Khudayr, asking how did he find what God had destined for him. Burayr repli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Casualties In Husayn's Army At The Battle Of Karbala
This article contains the list of casualties of Husayn ibn Ali's relatives and companions in the Battle of Karbala. The battle took place on Friday Muharram 10, in the year 61 AH of the Islamic calendar (October 10, 680 CE) in Karbala, situated in present-day Iraq. The battle was between Yazid's army from Syria reinforced by troops from Kufa, and the caravan of families and companions of Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad. It is claimed that 72 males (including Husayn's 6 months old son) of Husayn's companions were killed by the forces of Yazid I. Army of Husayn ibn Ali The following is a list of casualties of Husayn ibn Ali's companions in Battle of Karbala. Members of Banu Hashim These people were descendants of Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib and members of Banu Hashim who died in the Battle of Karbala. Descendants of Ali ibn Abi Talib = Sons of Ali ibn Abi Talib = The following were sons of Ali: # Husayn ibn Ali, son of Fatima. # Ja'far ibn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umar Ibn Sa'd
ʿUmar ibn Saʿd () (fl. 620–686) was a son of Muhammad's companion, Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas. He was born in Medina and later moved to Kufa, which was founded by his father and stayed there until his death. He took orders from Ubaydullah ibn Ziyad. He was one of the leaders of the troops who killed Husayn ibn Ali in the Battle of Karbala in 680, the first major battle of the Second Islamic Civil War (Second Fitna). His wife was the sister to Mukhtar al-Thaqafi, who ruled Iraq from 685 to 687, during the Second Fitna. He had five sons, Hafs ibn Umar ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas camed in battle of Karbala. Umar ibn Sa'd was killed by Abu Amra Kaysan Abū ʿAmra Kaysān was a prominent Persian '' mawlā'' (pl. ''mawālī''; non-Arab convert to Islam in early caliphate history) during the Second Muslim Civil War. Kaysan converted to Islam after the Muslim conquest of Persia and became a ''mawl ..., on the orders of Mukhtar al-Thaqafi, for his involvement in the Battle of Karbala. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shimr
Abū al-Sābigha Shamir ibn Dhī al-Jawshan ( ar, أبو السابغة شمر بن ذي الجوشن), often known as Shamir or Shimr, was an Arab military commander from Kufa who killed Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, at the Battle of Karbala in 680. Life Shimr was a son of Shurahbil (or Aws) Dhi al-Jawshan ibn Qurt al-A'war ibn Amr, a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, who settled in Kufa after the Muslim conquest of Iraq. He was from the Mu'awiya al-Dibab clan of the Banu Kilab, branch of the Qaysid tribe of Banu Amir. Shimr was originally an ally of Caliph Ali () and fought against Mu'awiya, the governor of Syria and future founder of the Umayyad Caliphate, at the Battle of Siffin, where he received a head wound. He later defected to the Umayyads. When Ziyad ibn Abihi arrested the pro-Alid Hujr ibn Adi on the charge of treason in 671, Shimr was among those who testified against Hujr. In 680, Husayn ibn Ali, a grandson of Muhammad and s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kufa
Kufa ( ar, الْكُوفَة ), also spelled Kufah, is a city in Iraq, about south of Baghdad, and northeast of Najaf. It is located on the banks of the Euphrates River. The estimated population in 2003 was 110,000. Currently, Kufa and Najaf are joined into a single urban area that is mostly commonly known to the outside world as 'Najaf'. Along with Samarra, Karbala, Kadhimiya and Najaf, Kufa is one of five Iraqi cities that are of great importance to Shi'ite Muslims. The city was founded in 638 CE (17 Hijrah) during the reign of the second Rashidun Caliph, Umar ibn Al-Khattab, and it was the final capital of the last Rashidun Caliph, Ali ibn Abi Talib. Kufa was also the founding capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. During the Islamic Golden Age it was home to the grammarians of Kufa. Kufic script is named for the city. History Establishment during Umar's era After the Arab victory against the Byzantine Empire at Battle of Yarmouk in 636, Kufa was founded and given its name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muslim Ibn Aqil
Muslim ibn Aqil al-Hashimi ( ar, مُسْلِم ٱبْن عَقِيل ٱلْهَاشِمِيّ ') was the son of Aqil ibn Abi Talib and a member of the clan of Banu Hashim, thus, he is a cousin of Husayn ibn Ali. The people of Kufa called upon Husayn, who was on his way to Mecca for the Hajj pilgrimage, to overthrow the Umayyad dynasty. He wanted to confirm the loyalty of the people of Kufa, so he sent his cousin and his ambassador, Muslim ibn Aqil, a famous warrior, to Kufa to observe the situation. He sent a letter to Husayn confirming their loyalty, before knowing that the 30,000 followers that he gained would all betray him for their lives. He was executed by the newly installed governor, Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad, on the 9th of Zilhaj, 60 AH, and is buried at the back of Great Mosque of Kufa. Journey to Kufa Letters from Kufa Husayn ibn Ali received thousands of letters from people of Kufa stating that they were rejecting their governor and asking him to come and serve as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Nahrawan
The Battle of Nahrawan ( ar, معركة النهروان, Ma'rakat an-Nahrawān) was fought between the army of Caliph Ali and the rebel group Kharijites in July 658 CE (Safar 38 AH). They used to be a group of pious allies of Ali during the First Muslim Civil War. They separated from him following the Battle of Siffin when Ali agreed to settle the dispute with Mu'awiya, governor of Syria, through negotiations, a move labeled by the group as "against the Qur'an". After failed attempts to regain their loyalty and because of their rebellious and murderous activities, Ali confronted the Kharijites near their headquarters by the Nahrawan Canal, near modern-day Baghdad. Of the 4,000 rebels, some 1,200 were won over with the promise of amnesty while the majority of the remaining 2,800 rebels were killed in the ensuing battle. Other sources put the casualties at 1500–1800. The battle resulted in a permanent split between the group and the rest of the Muslims, whom the Kharijites, du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muharram
Muḥarram ( ar, ٱلْمُحَرَّم) (fully known as Muharram ul Haram) is the first month of the Islamic calendar. It is one of the four sacred months of the year when warfare is forbidden. It is held to be the second holiest month after Ramadan. The tenth day of Muharram is known as Ashura. Better known as part of the Mourning of Muharram, Shi'a Muslims mourn the tragedy of Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī's family. Shiites mourn the martyrdom of Ḥusayn by abstaining from joyous events. Instead, Shia Muslims hold many events to offer condolences to Imam Husayn and to honor the martyrs by prayer, reading supplications, and holding charity events. Shiʿi Muslims eat as little as possible on the Ashura; however, this is not seen as fasting. Alevis fast ten or twelve days, each day for one of the Twelve Imams of Shiʿa Islam, to commemorate and mourn the Imams, as if a very close relative has died. Some (excluding children, elderly or sick) do not eat or drink, avoid entertainment unt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Siffin
The Battle of Siffin was fought in 657 CE (37 AH) between Ali ibn Abi Talib, the fourth of the Rashidun Caliphs and the first Shia Imam, and Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan, the rebellious governor of Syria. The battle is named after its location Siffin on the banks of the Euphrates. The fighting stopped after the Syrians called for arbitration to escape defeat, to which Ali agreed under pressure from some of his troops. The arbitration process ended inconclusively in 658 though it strengthened the Syrians' support for Mu'awiya and weakened the position of Ali. The battle is considered part of the First Fitna and a step towards the establishment of the Umayyad Caliphate. Location The battlefield was at Siffin, a ruined Byzantine-era village situated a few hundred yards from the right bank of the Euphrates in the vicinity of Raqqa in present-day Syria. It has been identified with the modern village of Abu Hureyra in the Raqqa Governorate. Background Opposition to Uthman Ali an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Karbala
The Battle of Karbala ( ar, مَعْرَكَة كَرْبَلَاء) was fought on 10 October 680 (10 Muharram in the year 61 AH of the Islamic calendar) between the army of the second Umayyad Caliph Yazid I and a small army led by Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, at Karbala, Sawad (modern-day southern Iraq). Prior to his death, the Umayyad caliph Muawiyah I had nominated his son Yazid as his successor. Yazid's nomination was contested by the sons of a few prominent companions of Muhammad, including Husayn, son of the fourth caliph Ali, and Abd Allah ibn Zubayr, son of Zubayr ibn al-Awwam. Upon Muawiyah's death in 680 CE, Yazid demanded allegiance from Husayn and other dissidents. Husayn did not give allegiance and traveled to Mecca. The people of Kufa, an Iraqi garrison town and the center of Ali's caliphate, were averse to the Bilad al-Sham, Syria-based Umayyad caliphs and had a long-standing attachment to the house of Ali. They proposed Hus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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