Muya Language
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Muya Language
Munya or Muya ( zh, s=木雅; also ''Manyak'' , ''Menia'' 么呢阿) is one of the Qiangic languages spoken in China. There are two dialects, Northern and Southern, which are not mutually intelligible. Most research on Munya has been conducted by Ikeda Takumi. There are about 2,000 monolinguals. Names The language has been spelled in various ways, including ''Manyak, Menya, Minyag, Minyak''. Other names for the language are ''Boba'' and ''Miyao''. Dialects ''Ethnologue'' (21st edition) lists two Muya dialects, namely Eastern (Nyagrong) and Western (Darmdo). Muya is spoken in * Shimian County, Ya'an * Jiulong County * Kangding Sun (1991) documents Muya (木雅) of Liuba Township (六坝乡), Shade District (沙德区), Kangding County (康定县), Sichuan. Popular culture In 2008, Bamu, a singer with the Jiuzhaigou Art Troupe in the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Sichuan (; zh, c=, labels=no, ; zh, p=Sìchuān; alternatively romanized as ...
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People's Republic Of China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, o ...
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Shimian County
Shimian County () is both the southernmost and westernmost county in the prefecture-level city of Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China. The county seat, Miancheng Subdistrict (), and the neighboring town, Xinmian (), are often together referred to as Shimian. As of the 2010 census, Shimian County has a population of 123,600. The G5 Beijing–Kunming Expressway now passes through Shimian along the route between Kunming and Chengdu. The county is located at the eastern edge of the Hengduan Mountains and surrounds the Dadu River. The mountain ranges in Shimian County consist of the Daxue Mountains in the west, the Xiaoxiang Range to the southeast, and the Daxiang Range to the northeast. Climate Notable people *Lai Ning, a teenager celebrated as a martyr after his death fighting a wildfire A wildfire, forest fire, bushfire, wildland fire or rural fire is an unplanned, uncontrolled and unpredictable fire in an area of combustible vegetation. Depending on the type of vege ...
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Kangding County
Kangding (), also called Tachienlu and Dartsedo (; ), is a county-level city and the seat of Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan province of Southwest China. Kangding is on the bank of the Dadu River and has been considered the historical border between the Kham region of Tibet and the Sichuan region. Kangding's urban center is called Lucheng, which has around 134,000 inhabitants. Names Historically, the urban center was known by Chinese as Dajianlu (written also as Tachienlu or Tatsienlu) from the Chinese transliteration of the Tibetan name Dartsedo or Darzêdo. History Kangding was on the historical border between Tibet and the rest of China, from Kangding to the west lies Tibetan civilization where as to the east Han cultural areas; It was the capital of the Kingdom of Chakla. During its history, Kangding has witnessed many conflicts between Tibetan and Han polities. Kangding was for many centuries an important trading city where Han brick tea was carried by po ...
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Shade District
Shade, Shades or Shading may refer to: * Shade (color), a mixture of a color with black (often generalized as any variety of a color) * Shade (shadow), the blocking of sunlight * Shades or sunglasses * Shading, a process used in art and graphic design * Shade (mythology), the spirit or ghost of a dead person *"Throw shade", slang term for an insulting remark Geography United States * Shade, Kentucky * Shade, Missouri * Shade, Ohio * Shade Gap, Pennsylvania * Shade Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania * Shade Creek * Shades Mountain People People with surname * Absalom Shade (died 1862), Canadian businessman * Will Shade (1898–1966), American musician * Dave Shade (1902–1983), American boxer * Ellen Shade (born 1944), American operatic soprano from New York * Eric Shade (cricketer) (born 1943), Australian cricketer * Eric Shade (footballer) (1912–1984), Australian rules footballer * Hastings Shade (1941–2010), former deputy chief of the Cherokee Nation * J. ...
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Liuba Township
Liuba may refer to: * Liuba, a Slavic feminine given name cognate to Lyuba ** Liuba Dragomir, Moldovan football player ** Liuba Gantcheva, Bulgarian intellectual and writer ** Liuba María Hevia, singer and composer from Cuba ** Liuba Grechen Shirley, American politician ** Liuba Shrira, American university professor * Liuba County Liuba County () is a county under the administration of Hanzhong City, in the southwest of Shaanxi province, China. It is the northernmost county-level division of Hanzhong. The Zhang Liang temple is located in Liuba, Zhang Liang supposedly liv ...
, a subdivision of China {{disambig, geo, given name ...
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Kangding
Kangding (), also called Tachienlu and Dartsedo (; ), is a county-level city and the seat of Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan province of Southwest China. Kangding is on the bank of the Dadu River and has been considered the historical border between the Kham region of Tibet and the Sichuan region. Kangding's urban center is called Lucheng, which has around 134,000 inhabitants. Names Historically, the urban center was known by Chinese as Dajianlu (written also as Tachienlu or Tatsienlu) from the Chinese transliteration of the Tibetan name Dartsedo or Darzêdo. History Kangding was on the historical border between Tibet and the rest of China, from Kangding to the west lies Tibetan civilization where as to the east Han cultural areas; It was the capital of the Kingdom of Chakla. During its history, Kangding has witnessed many conflicts between Tibetan and Han polities. Kangding was for many centuries an important trading city where Han brick tea was carried by po ...
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Jiulong County
Gyézil County (), also Jiulong County (); is a county located in southeastern Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan province, People's Republic of China. With a population of 52 thousand, mainly Tibetans, Hans, and Yis, it contains one town and 17 townships. Geography and climate Due to its elevation, Jiulong County has a subtropical highland climate ( Köppen ''Cwb''), with strong monsoonal influences; winters are frosty and summers warm with frequent rain. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from in December and January to in July, while the annual mean is . Over 75% of the annual precipitation of occurs from June through September. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 32% in July to 58% in January, the county seat receives 1,983 hours of bright sunshine annually. Diurnal temperature variation In meteorology, diurnal temperature variation is the variation between a high air temperature and a low temperature that occurs during the sam ...
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Ya'an
Ya'an (, Tibetan: Yak-Nga ) is a prefecture-level city in the western part of Sichuan province, China, located just below the Tibetan Plateau. The city is home to Sichuan Agricultural University, the only 211 Project university and the largest regional comprehensive university in Ya'an. As of the 2020 Chinese census, Ya'an has a population of 1,434,603. History Previously known as Yazhou-fu, the city is first mentioned during the Zhou Dynasty (1122-255 BCE). It served as a county seat during the Qin and Han Dynasties, but was subsequently taken by nomadic tribes. After being reintegrated into the Chinese Empire in the late 5th century, it was made the seat of the ''Ya Prefecture'' in 604. The modern Ya'an county was established in 1912. It became the provincial capital of Xikang province in 1951, but has been a municipality under the administration of Sichuan province since 1955, when Xikang province was merged and became a part of Sichuan province. The first giant panda ...
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Monolingualism
Monoglottism (Greek μόνος ''monos'', "alone, solitary", + γλῶττα , "tongue, language") or, more commonly, monolingualism or unilingualism, is the condition of being able to speak only a single language, as opposed to multilingualism. In a different context, "unilingualism" may refer to a language policy which enforces an official or national language over others. Being monolingual or unilingual is also said of a text, dictionary, or conversation written or conducted in only one language, and of an entity in which a single language is either used or officially recognized (in particular when being compared with bilingual or multilingual entities or in the presence of individuals speaking different languages). Note that mono''glottism'' can only refer to lacking the ''ability'' to speak several languages. Multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers in the world's population. Suzzane Romaine pointed out, in her 1995 book ''Bilingualism'', that it would be weir ...
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Sichuan
Sichuan (; zh, c=, labels=no, ; zh, p=Sìchuān; alternatively romanized as Szechuan or Szechwan; formerly also referred to as "West China" or "Western China" by Protestant missions) is a province in Southwest China occupying most of the Sichuan Basin and the easternmost part of the Tibetan Plateau between the Jinsha River on the west, the Daba Mountains in the north and the Yungui Plateau to the south. Sichuan's capital city is Chengdu. The population of Sichuan stands at 83 million. Sichuan neighbors Qinghai to the northwest, Gansu to the north, Shaanxi to the northeast, Chongqing to the east, Guizhou to the southeast, Yunnan to the south, and the Tibet Autonomous Region to the west. In antiquity, Sichuan was the home of the ancient states of Ba and Shu. Their conquest by Qin strengthened it and paved the way for Qin Shi Huang's unification of China under the Qin dynasty. During the Three Kingdoms era, Liu Bei's state of Shu was based in Sichuan. The ...
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Ikeda Takumi
Ikeda may refer to: * Ikeda (surname), a Japanese surname * Ikeda (comics), a character in ''Usagi Yojimbo'' * Ikeda clan, a Japanese clan * Ikeda map, chaotic attractor * ''Ikeda'' (annelid) a genus of the family Ikedidae Places * Ikeda, Osaka in Osaka Prefecture, Japan * Ikeda, Fukui, Japan * Ikeda, Gifu, Japan * Ikeda, Hokkaidō, Japan * Ikeda, Kagawa, Shōzu District, Kagawa, Japan * Ikeda, Nagano, Japan * Ikeda, Tokushima, Miyoshi District, Tokushima, Japan * Lake Ikeda, Japan * Ikeda, Gunma, Japan * Ikeda Peace Institute in Cambridge, Massachusetts Cambridge ( ) is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. As part of the Boston metropolitan area, the cities population of the 2020 U.S. census was 118,403, making it the fourth most populous city in the state, behind Boston, ... * Ikeda Route in Osaka and Hyōgo Prefectures, Japan {{disambiguation, geo ...
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Mutually Intelligible
In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort. It is sometimes used as an important criterion for distinguishing languages from dialects, although sociolinguistic factors are often also used. Intelligibility between languages can be asymmetric, with speakers of one understanding more of the other than speakers of the other understanding the first. When it is relatively symmetric, it is characterized as "mutual". It exists in differing degrees among many related or geographically proximate languages of the world, often in the context of a dialect continuum. Intelligibility Factors An individual's achievement of moderate proficiency or understanding in a language (called L2) other than their first language (L1) typically requires considerable time and effort through study and practical application if the two ...
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