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Mount Api
Mount Api ( ms, Gunung Api) is a limestone mountain located in Gunung Mulu National Park in Sarawak, Malaysia. Neighbouring Mount Benarat and Mount Buda are part of the same formation. Mount Api is famous for its striking limestone karst formations, commonly called "the pinnacles".Bourke, G. 2011. The ''Nepenthes'' of Mulu National Park. ''Carniflora Australis'' 8(1): 20–31. The mountain is host to many caves, with passages linking to the massive Clearwater Cave system. Api Chamber, the second-largest chamber in Malaysia, was discovered on Mount Api during the Benarat 2005 Caving Expedition. Mount Api is notable for its pitcher plant diversity, which includes at least eight species: ''Nepenthes campanulata'', ''Nepenthes faizaliana'', ''Nepenthes hurrelliana'', ''Nepenthes lowii'', ''Nepenthes muluensis'', ''Nepenthes tentaculata'', ''Nepenthes veitchii'', and ''Nepenthes vogelii''. References {{Coord missing, Malaysia Api An application programming interface (AP ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarawak
Sarawak (; ) is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Malaysia. The largest among the 13 states, with an area almost equal to that of Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak is located in northwest Borneo Island, and is bordered by the Malaysian state of Sabah to the northeast, Kalimantan (the Indonesian portion of Borneo) to the south, and Brunei in the north. The capital city, Kuching, is the largest city in Sarawak, the economic centre of the state, and the seat of the Sarawak state government. Other cities and towns in Sarawak include Miri, Malaysia, Miri, Sibu, and Bintulu. As of 2021, the population of Sarawak was estimated to be around 2.45 million. Sarawak has an equatorial climate with tropical rainforests and abundant animal and plant species. It has several prominent cave systems at Gunung Mulu National Park. Rajang River is the longest river in Malaysia; Bakun Dam, one of the largest dams in Southeast Asia, is located on one of its tributaries, the Balui River ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Api Chamber
Api Chamber is a chamber in Whiterock Cave in Mount Api, Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r .... Measuring 300 m by 200 m and with a surveyed circumference of 900 m it is the ninth largest cave chamber by area in the world. Its height is over 100 m and its plan area is 58,000 square metres. It is the second largest chamber in Malaysia, after Sarawak Chamber. It was discovered during the Benarat 2005 Caving Expedition by Dave Nixon and Mark Brown. External linksBenarat 2005 Expedition Caves of Sarawak {{Sarawak-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepenthes Veitchii
''Nepenthes veitchii'' (; after James Veitch, nurseryman of the Veitch Nurseries), or Veitch's pitcher-plant,Phillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. ''Pitcher-Plants of Borneo''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. is a '' Nepenthes'' species from the island of Borneo. The plant is widespread in north-western Borneo and can also be found in parts of Kalimantan. ''Nepenthes veitchii'' usually grows as an epiphyte, though the form from Bario seems to be strictly terrestrial and has not been observed to climb trees. Frederick William Burbidge described the growth habit of ''N. veitchii'' in ''The Gardeners' Chronicle'' as follows: Now as to N. Veitchii. This is a true epiphyte. I never met with it on the ground anywhere, but in great quantity 20—100 feet high on tree trunks. Its distichous habit is unique, I fancy, and then some of the leaves actually clasp around the tree just as a man would fold his arms around it in similar circumstances. No other species of Nepen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepenthes Tentaculata
''Nepenthes tentaculata'' , or the fringed pitcher-plant,Phillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. ''Pitcher-Plants of Borneo''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. is a tropical pitcher plant with a wide distribution across Borneo and Sulawesi. It grows at altitudes of 400–2550 m.McPherson, S.R. 2009. ''Pitcher Plants of the Old World''. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. The specific epithet ''tentaculata'' is derived from the Latin word ''tentacula'', meaning "tentacles", and refers to the multicellular appendages on the upper surface of the pitcher lid. Botanical history ''Nepenthes tentaculata'' was formally described by Joseph Dalton Hooker in his 1873 monograph, " Nepenthaceae", based on specimens collected by Thomas Lobb in 1853. In subsequent years, ''N. tentaculata'' was featured in a number of publications by eminent botanists such as Frederick William Burbidge (1882),Burbidge, F.W. 1882Notes on the new ''Nepenthes''.''The Gardeners' C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepenthes Muluensis
''Nepenthes muluensis'' , or the Mulu pitcher-plant,Phillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. ''Pitcher-Plants of Borneo''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Borneo. It grows in highland habitats at elevations of 1700 to 2400 m above sea level.Clarke, C.M. 1997. ''Nepenthes of Borneo''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. Botanical history ''Nepenthes muluensis'' was first collected by botanist Mitsuru Hotta on March 18, 1964, on Mardi between the third and fourth camps on the western ridge of Mount Mulu, Sarawak. The holotype, ''M.Hotta 14791d'', is deposited at the Botany Department of Kyoto University (KYO).Schlauer, J. 2006''Nepenthes muluensis'' Carnivorous Plant Database. Hotta described the species in 1966, naming it after Mount Mulu, to which it was thought to be endemic. The description did not cover the lower pitchers of this species, which were unknown at the time. ''Nepenthes muluensis'' was the first ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepenthes Lowii
''Nepenthes lowii'' , or Low's pitcher-plant,Phillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. ''Pitcher-Plants of Borneo''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Borneo. It is named after Hugh Low, who discovered it on Mount Kinabalu. This species is perhaps the most unusual in the genus, being characterised by its strongly constricted upper pitchers, which bear a greatly reduced peristome and a reflexed lid with numerous bristles on its lower surface.Clarke, C.M. 1997. ''Nepenthes of Borneo''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. Botanical history Discovery and naming ''Nepenthes lowii'' was discovered in March 1851 by British colonial administrator and naturalist Hugh Low during his first ascent of Mount Kinabalu. Low wrote the following account of his discovery: A little way further we came upon a most extraordinary ''Nepenthes'', of, I believe, a hitherto unknown form, the mouth being oval and large, the neck exceedingly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepenthes Hurrelliana
''Nepenthes hurrelliana'' is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Borneo, where it has been recorded from northern Sarawak, southwestern Sabah, and Brunei. It is of putative hybrid origin; its two original parent species are thought to be '' N. fusca'' and '' N. veitchii''. A thick indumentum of rusty-brown hairs covers the entire plant, a characteristic presumably inherited from the latter. Botanical history ''Nepenthes hurrelliana'' was known to botanists for some time prior to its description, although authors differed as to its identity, with most treating it as either a form of '' N. veitchii'', a form of '' N. maxima'', or a natural hybrid. In 1988, Anthea Phillipps and Anthony Lamb published an illustration of a ''N. hurrelliana'' specimen from Mount Murud under the name "'' N. veitchii'' × '' N. fusca''". However, in their 1996 monograph, ''Pitcher-Plants of Borneo'', the authors treated it as an undescribed species, "''Nepenthes'' sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepenthes Faizaliana
''Nepenthes faizaliana'' is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to the limestone cliffs of Gunung Mulu National Park in Sarawak, Borneo. It is thought to be most closely related to '' N. boschiana''.Clarke, C.M. 1997. ''Nepenthes of Borneo''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. Botanical history The type specimen of ''N. faizaliana'', ''S 44163 (Lai & Jugah)'', was collected on November 10, 1981, on Batu PanjangSchlauer, J.''Nepenthes faizaliana'' Carnivorous Plant Database. in Gunung Mulu National Park.Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 2001. Nepenthaceae. ''Flora Malesiana'' 15: 1–157. The holotype is deposited at the Sarawak Forest Department Herbarium (SAR) in Kuching, Sarawak; isotypes are held at the herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K) and at the National Herbarium of the Netherlands (L) in Leiden. ''Nepenthes faizaliana'' was formally described in 1991 by J. H. Adam and C. C. Wilcock. The description was published in the botanical j ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepenthes Campanulata
''Nepenthes'' () is a genus of carnivorous plants, also known as tropical pitcher plants, or monkey cups, in the monotypic family Nepenthaceae. The genus includes about 170 species, and numerous natural and many cultivated hybrids. They are mostly liana-forming plants of the Old World tropics, ranging from South China, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines; westward to Madagascar (two species) and the Seychelles (one); southward to Australia (four) and New Caledonia (one); and northward to India (one) and Sri Lanka (one). The greatest diversity occurs on Borneo, Sumatra, and the Philippines, with many endemic species. Many are plants of hot, humid, lowland areas, but the majority are tropical montane plants, receiving warm days but cool to cold, humid nights year round. A few are considered tropical alpine, with cool days and nights near freezing. The name "monkey cups" refers to the fact that monkeys were once thought to drink rainwater from the pitchers. Description ''N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pitcher Plant
Pitcher plants are several different carnivorous plants which have modified leaves known as pitfall traps—a prey-trapping mechanism featuring a deep cavity filled with digestive liquid. The traps of what are considered to be "true" pitcher plants are formed by specialized leaves. The plants attract and drown their prey with nectar. Types The term "pitcher plant" generally refers to members of the Nepenthaceae and Sarraceniaceae families, but similar pitfall traps are employed by the monotypic Cephalotaceae and some members of the Bromeliaceae. The families Nepenthaceae and Sarraceniaceae are the most species-rich families of pitcher plants. The Nepenthaceae contains a single genus, '' Nepenthes'', containing over 100 species and numerous hybrids and cultivars. In this genus of Old World pitcher plants, the pitchers are borne at the end of tendrils that extend from the midrib of an otherwise unexceptional leaf. Old World pitcher plants are typically characterized as havin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clearwater Cave
The Clearwater Cave System ( ms, Gua Air Jernih) in Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia is believed to be one of the largest interconnected cave systems in the world by volume and the 9th longest cave in the world at (2020). The system lies mainly under the western margins of Gunung Api between the Melinau Gorge and Cave of the Winds. The first exploration by speleologists was during the 1977/78 Royal Geographical Society Mulu Sarawak Expedition when of the cave passage were surveyed. Many expeditions by thMulu Caves Projecthave increased the explored length and will continue to do so for the foreseeable future. See also *List of longest caves This list of longest caves includes caves in which the combined length of documented passageways exceeds . In some of these caves, passageways are still being discovered. Geographical distribution Caves are found around the world. The largest ... References Gill.D.W.1999. World Heritage Nomination, Gunung Mulu National P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
