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Moscow Uprising (1611)
The Moscow Uprising of 1611 was an armed uprising of the inhabitants of Moscow on March 19–20, 1611 against the troops of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, who had occupied the city since the fall of 1610. Polish soldiers behaved in Moscow as in a captured city; various incidents occurred regularly. Muscovites especially remembered the desecration of the icon on the Nikolsky Gate, at which a drunk Polish sentry shot, and the massacre in one of the markets, when the dispute over the price between the seller and the Polish soldier escalated into a mass brawl in which the Poles killed 15 Muscovites. By March 19, 1611, the advance detachments of the people's militia, assembled near Ryazan by Prokopy Lyapunov, approached Moscow. The Polish command tried to force the cabbies in the capital to help them prepare the city for defense and to drag the cannons on their sleighs and put them on the walls. Most of them resolutely refused, and those who initially agreed, on the contrary, b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rebellion
Rebellion, uprising, or insurrection is a refusal of obedience or order. It refers to the open resistance against the orders of an established authority. A rebellion originates from a sentiment of indignation and disapproval of a situation and then manifests itself by the refusal to submit or to obey the authority responsible for this situation. Rebellion can be individual or collective, peaceful ( civil disobedience, civil resistance, and nonviolent resistance) or violent (terrorism, sabotage and guerrilla warfare). In political terms, rebellion and revolt are often distinguished by their different aims. While rebellion generally seeks to evade and/or gain concessions from an oppressive power, a revolt seeks to overthrow and destroy that power, as well as its accompanying laws. The goal of rebellion is resistance while a revolt seeks a revolution. As power shifts relative to the external adversary, or power shifts within a mixed coalition, or positions harden or soften on ei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trinity Lavra Of St
The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the central dogma concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three coequal, coeternal, consubstantial divine persons: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ) and God the Holy Spirit, three distinct persons sharing one ''homoousion'' (essence) "each is God, complete and whole." As the Fourth Lateran Council declared, it is the Father who begets, the Son who is begotten, and the Holy Spirit who proceeds. In this context, the three persons define God is, while the one essence defines God is. This expresses at once their distinction and their indissoluble unity. Thus, the entire process of creation and grace is viewed as a single shared action of the three divine persons, in which each person manifests the attributes unique to them in the Trinity, thereby proving that everything comes "from the Father," "through the Son," and "in the Holy Spirit." This doctrine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow Rebellions
Moscow ( , American English, US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million residents within the city limits, over 17 million residents in the urban area, and over 21.5 million residents in the Moscow metropolitan area, metropolitan area. The city covers an area of , while the urban area covers , and the metropolitan area covers over . Moscow is among the List of largest cities, world's largest cities; being the List of European cities by population within city limits, most populous city entirely in Europe, the largest List of urban areas in Europe, urban and List of metropolitan areas in Europe, metropolitan area in Europe, and the largest city by land area on the European continent. First documented in 1147, Moscow gre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Time Of Troubles
The Time of Troubles (russian: Смутное время, ), or Smuta (russian: Смута), was a period of political crisis during the Tsardom of Russia which began in 1598 with the death of Fyodor I (Fyodor Ivanovich, the last of the Rurik dynasty) and ended in 1613 with the accession of Michael I of the House of Romanov. It was a time of lawlessness and anarchy following the death of Fyodor I, a weak and possibly intellectually disabled ruler who died without an heir. His death ended the Rurik dynasty, leading to a violent succession crisis with numerous usurpers and false Dmitrys (imposters) claiming the title of tsar. Russia experienced the famine of 1601–03, which killed almost a third of the population, within three years of Fyodor's death. Russia was occupied by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth during the Polish–Russian War (also known as the ''Dimitriads'') until it was expelled in 1612. It was one of the most turbulent and violent periods in Russian history. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gulyay-gorod
Gulyay-gorod, also guliai-gorod (russian: Гуля́й-го́род, literally: "wandering town"), was a mobile fortification used by the Russian army between the 16th and the 17th centuries. History and Terminology The use of term ''gulyay-gorod'' is noted in sources since the 1530s, during the Russo-Kazan Wars, and it was understood not only as a type of wagon-fort, but also as siege towers. Later, this term could cover mobile barriers like the cheval de frise. It was probably just an adaptation of the German term ''"wagenburg"''. At first, it was used to cover artillery during the siege of fortresses. In 1572 gulyay-gorod was very successfully used by the commander Prince Mikhail Vorotynsky in the heavy field battle of Molodi. So in the following years, the use of gulyay-gorod expanded, and pre-made shields were stored not only in the border fortresses, but also near Moscow. For the transportation and equipment of Gulyai-gorod, a special voivode was appointed, who had a sep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikołaj Struś
Mikołaj Struś (1577–1627) (Korczak coat of arms) was a Colonel of the Polish Army, a starosta and commandant of the Polish-Lithuanian garrison in the occupied Moscow Kremlin. He was the last known member of the Strus family of Komarow-Osada. His father was Jakub Strus, and mother was Barbara Potocka. Strus began military service probably in 1590 or 1591. On March 7, 1591, he was granted royal permission to own real estate near Kamieniec Podolski. In the following years, he took part in a number of wars and military conflicts in eastern areas of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, as well as in Moldavia, Livonia and the Tsardom of Russia. In 1595, he probably participated in a raid on Moldavia, carried out by Crown Hetman Jan Zamoyski. In 1596, serving under Stanislaw Zolkiewski, he pacified the Nalyvaiko Uprising. In 1600, he once again fought in Moldavia, fighting against Michael the Brave. In 1601 - 1602, Strus fought against the Kingdom of Sweden in the Polish–Swedish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksander Zborowski
Aleksander Zborowski ( Jastrzebiec coat of arms) was a Polish szlachcic (nobleman), the Starosta of Miedzyrzecz, who commanded a unit of the Polish army during the Polish–Muscovite War (1605–18). Little is known about his life: he was the son of Samuel Zborowski and Zofia née Jordan. In May 1610 he defeated German mercenaries in Russian service, and during the Battle of Klushino, he commanded his own regiment. In September 1610, Zborowski defeated Russian-German forces near Tver Tver ( rus, Тверь, p=tvʲerʲ) is a city and the administrative centre of Tver Oblast, Russia. It is northwest of Moscow. Population: Tver was formerly the capital of a powerful medieval state and a model provincial town in the Russian .... Zborowski married Magdalena Fredro, and had three children: daughters Anna and Konstancja, and son Adam, who became a Jesuit. He died in 1637. Sources * Leszek Podhorodecki, Stanislaw Zolkiewski, Ludowa Spóldzielnia Wydawnicza, 1988, 1637 d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
March 24
Events Pre-1600 * 1199 – King Richard I of England is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting in France, leading to his death on April 6. *1387 – English victory over a Franco- Castilian-Flemish fleet in the Battle of Margate off the coast of Margate. *1401 – Turco-Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1601–1900 * 1603 – James VI of Scotland is proclaimed King James I of England and Ireland, upon the death of Elizabeth I. * 1603 – Tokugawa Ieyasu is granted the title of ''shōgun'' from Emperor Go-Yōzei, and establishes the Tokugawa shogunate in Edo, Japan. * 1663 – The Province of Carolina is granted by charter to eight Lords Proprietor in reward for their assistance in restoring Charles II of England to the throne. * 1720 – Count Frederick of Hesse-Kassel is elected King of Sweden by the Riksdag of the Estates, after his consort Ulrika Eleonora abdicated the throne on 29 February. * 1721 – Johann Sebastian Bach dedica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kitay-gorod
Kitay-gorod ( rus, Китай-город, p=kʲɪˈtaj ˈɡorət), also referred to as the Great Possad () in the 16th and 17th centuries, is a cultural and historical area within the central part of Moscow in Russia, defined by the remnants of now almost entirely razed fortifications, narrow streets and very densely built cityscape. It is separated from the Kremlin by Red Square. Kitay-gorod does not constitute a district (''raion''), as there are no resident voters, thus, municipal elections are not possible. Rather, the territory has been part of Tverskoy District, and the Central Administrative Okrug authorities have managed the area directly since 2003. Etymology Beside Kitay-gorod in Moscovia in ancient Russia, Kitay was also a name for a sea. A sea called Kitay exists in Odessa in Ukraine. Older sources said that people with darker skin than other ethnic groups of Russia sold goods and traded with other peoples in the area of the Kitay sea. ''Kita'' (pl. ''kity'') ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million residents within the city limits, over 17 million residents in the urban area, and over 21.5 million residents in the metropolitan area. The city covers an area of , while the urban area covers , and the metropolitan area covers over . Moscow is among the world's largest cities; being the most populous city entirely in Europe, the largest urban and metropolitan area in Europe, and the largest city by land area on the European continent. First documented in 1147, Moscow grew to become a prosperous and powerful city that served as the capital of the Grand Duchy that bears its name. When the Grand Duchy of Moscow evolved into the Tsardom of Russia, Moscow remained the political and economic center for most of the Tsardom's history. When th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sretenka Street
Sretenka Street (russian: link=no, улица Сретенка) is a street in Meshchansky district of the Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow. Sretenka Street goes from Sretenskie Vorota Square to Bolshaya Sukharevskaya and Malaya Sukharevskaya Squares. Numbering of houses is carried out by Sretensky Gate. The street was named in the 17th century by the Sretensky Monastery, which was located in this street (now part of the Sretenka called Bolshaya Lubyanka Street). The monastery also was named in honor of the deliverance of Moscow from the conquest of Timur's troops in 1395. While waiting for the invasion, the Grand Duke Vasily I of Moscow ordered to move from Vladimir to Moscow the miraculous Theotokos of Vladimir icon. On August 26 (September 8) of 1395 Muscovites came "sretat" russian: link=no, сретать) (old Russian word for 'meet') the icon. In the meeting place of the icon in 1397 a monastery was founded called Sretensky. The old name of the street – Ustretens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dmitry Pozharsky
Dmitry Mikhaylovich Pozharsky ( rus, Дми́трий Миха́йлович Пожа́рский, p=ˈdmʲitrʲɪj mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪtɕ pɐˈʐarskʲɪj; 17 October 1577 – 30 April 1642) was a Russian prince known for his military leadership during the Polish–Muscovite War from 1611 to 1612. Pozharsky formed the Second Volunteer Army with Kuzma Minin in Nizhny Novgorod against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth's occupation of Russia during the Time of Troubles, resulting in Polish withdrawal after Russian victory at the Battle of Moscow in 1612. Pozharsky received the unprecedented title of ''Saviour of the Fatherland'' from Mikhail I of Russia, becoming a folk hero in Russian culture and honored in the Monument to Minin and Pozharsky in Moscow's Red Square. Early career Dmitry Mikhaylovich Pozharsky is considered to have been born on 1 November 1578 in Klin County, in the north of Moscow Governorate of the Tsardom of Russia. Pozharsky was descended from a dynasty of m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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