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Minuscule 94
Minuscule 94 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), O31 ( von Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment and paper, dated to the 12th or 13th century.K. Aland, M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, "Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments", ''Walter de Gruyter'', Berlin, New York 1994, p. 52. Formerly it was labelled by 18a, 21p, and 19r. Description The codex contains the text of the Acts of the Apostles, Pauline epistles, Book of Revelation on 328 parchment and paper leaves (size ) with some lacunae. The order of books is usual: Acts, Catholic epistles, Pauline epistles (Hebrews are placed before 1 Timothy), and Revelation of John. The leaves 1-26 are written on vellum, the rest on cotton paper (leaves 27-328). The text is written in one column per page, 22 lines per page (38 lines with text of Commentary). It contains scholia to the Acts and Catholic epistles, Andreas's Commentary to the Apocalypse, and Prolegomena to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acts Of The Apostles
The Acts of the Apostles ( grc-koi, Πράξεις Ἀποστόλων, ''Práxeis Apostólōn''; la, Actūs Apostolōrum) is the fifth book of the New Testament; it tells of the founding of the Christian Church and the spread of its message to the Roman Empire. It gives an account of the ministry and activity of Christ's apostles in Jerusalem and other regions, after Christ's death, resurrection, and ascension. Acts and the Gospel of Luke make up a two-part work, Luke–Acts, by the same anonymous author. It is usually dated to around 80–90 AD, although some scholars suggest 90–110. The first part, the Gospel of Luke, tells how God fulfilled his plan for the world's salvation through the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth. Acts continues the story of Christianity in the 1st century, beginning with the ascension of Jesus to Heaven. The early chapters, set in Jerusalem, describe the Day of Pentecost (the coming of the Holy Spirit) and the growth of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palaeography
Palaeography (American and British English spelling differences#ae and oe, UK) or paleography (American and British English spelling differences#ae and oe, US; ultimately from grc-gre, , ''palaiós'', "old", and , ''gráphein'', "to write") is the study of historic writing systems and the deciphering and dating of historical manuscripts, including the analysis of historic handwriting. It is concerned with the forms and processes of writing; not the textual content of documents. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of Scriptorium, scriptoria. The discipline is one of the auxiliary sciences of history. It is important for understanding, authenticating, and dating historic texts. However, it generally cannot be used to pinpoint dates with high precision. Application Palaeography can be an essential skill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 453
Minuscule 453 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), A πρ40 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on a parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century. Formerly it was labelled by 81a. Description The codex contains the text of the Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles on 295 parchment leaves (). The text is written in two columns per page, in 32 lines per page. It contains Prolegomena to the Acts, table of the (''tables of contents'') to the Acts, numbers of the (''chapters'') to the Acts are given at the margin, the (''titles'') in Acts and epistles, and a commentary. Text The Greek text of the codex is a mixture of text-types. Aland placed it in Category III. In Acts 8:37 it has additional verse together with the manuscripts Codex Laudanius, 323, 945, 1739, 1891, 2818 (formerly 36a), and several others.Nestle-Aland, ''Novum Testamentum Graece'', 26th edition, p. 345; Bruce M. Metzger, ''A Textu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 385
Minuscule 385 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 506 ( Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper. Dated by a colophon to the year 1407 (May). The manuscript has no complex context. Formerly it was designated by 60a, 63p, and 29r. Description The codex contains the text of the Acts, Pauline epistles, Catholic epistles, and Book of Revelation on 267 paper leaves () with some lacunae (James 1:1-11; Rev 22:2-18.20.21). The text is written in one column per page, in 26 lines per page. The initials and titles in red. It contains Prolegomena to the Pauline epistles, prolegomena to the Catholic epistles, subscriptions at the end of each book, and numbers of stichoi. It contains non-biblical matter ''De proditione Judae homilia'' of John Chrysostom (folios 225-237v).Harley 5613< ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 323
Minuscule 323 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 157 ( Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. Formerly it was designated by 29a and 35p. Description The codex contains the text of the Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles on 374 parchment leaves () with some lacunae. The text is written in one column per page, in 18 lines per page. The texts of Acts 1:1-8; 2:36-45 were supplied by a later hand. There are other small defects. It is beautifully but carelessly written, without subscriptions at the end of books. Text The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type, but the Byzantine element is very strong. Aland assigned it to Category II in Catholic epistles, and to Category III elsewhere. Textually it is very close to the codex 322, as a sister manuscript. It is a member of the textual family 1739. In Acts 8:37 it has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 322
Minuscule 322 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 550 ( Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 15th century. Formerly it was labelled by 27a and 33p. Description The codex contains the text of the Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles on 134 paper leaves (). The text is written in one column per page, in 22 lines per page. There are no chapter divisions made by ''prima manu'', the writing is small, and abbreviated. It has decorated headpieces and initial letters.Harley MS 5620 at the British Library Text The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the |
Minuscule 307
Minuscule 307 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), Aπρ11 ( Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 10th century. It has marginalia. Aland's III Category. Description The codex contains the text of the Acts of the Apostles and Catholic epistles on 254 parchment leaves (). The text is written in one column per page. The biblical text is surrounded by a catena. The text is divided according to the (''chapters''), whose numbers are given at the margin, and the (''titles of chapters'') at the top of the pages. It contains Prolegomena, tables of the (''tables of contents'') before each book, and subscriptions at the end of each sacred book, with numbers of stichoi. Text The Greek text of the codex Aland placed it in Category III. Aland's Profile in Acts: 351 201/2 322 19S; in Cath: 621 81/2 172 15S. In Acts 8:39 instead of πνεῦμα κυρίου (''spirit of the Lord'') it has unusua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 103
Minuscule 103 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ΟΘ28 ( Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript has complex contents.K. Aland, M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, "Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments", ''Walter de Gruyter'', Berlin, New York 1994, p. 52. Formerly it was labelled by 100a and 115p. Description The codex contains a complete text of the Acts, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles on 333 parchment leaves (size ) with a catena. It contains prolegomena, tables of the (''tables of contents'') before each book, and scholia. Synaxarion and (''lessons'') were added by a later hand (together 386 leaves). The order of books: Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles. The order of Pauline epistles is unusual: Romans, Hebrews, Colossians, 1-2 Thessalonians, Philipians, 1-2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex Alexandrinus
The Codex Alexandrinus (London, British Library, Royal MS 1. D. V-VIII), designated by the siglum A or 02 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), δ 4 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a manuscript of the Greek Bible,The Greek Bible in this context refers to the Bible used by Greek-speaking Christians who lived in Egypt and elsewhere during the early history of Christianity. This Bible contained both the Old and New Testaments in Koine Greek. written on parchment. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been dated to the fifth century. It contains the majority of the Greek Old Testament and the Greek New Testament. It is one of the four Great uncial codices (these being manuscripts which originally contained the whole of both the Old and New Testaments). Along with Codex Sinaiticus and Vaticanus, it is one of the earliest and most complete manuscripts of the Bible. It derives its name from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandrian Text-type
In textual criticism of the New Testament, the Alexandrian text-type is one of the main text types. It is the text type favored by the majority of modern textual critics and it is the basis for most modern (after 1900) Bible translations. Over 5,800 New Testament manuscripts have been classified into four groups by text type. Besides the Alexandrian, the other types are the Western, Caesarean, and Byzantine. Compared to these later text types, Alexandrian readings tend to be abrupt, use fewer words, show greater variation among the Synoptic Gospels, and have readings that are considered difficult. That is to say, later scribes tended to polish scripture and improve its literary style. Glosses would occasionally be added as verses during the process of copying a Bible by hand. From the ninth century onward, most surviving manuscripts are of the Byzantine type. The King James Version and other Reformation-era Bibles are translated from the ''Textus Receptus'', a Greek text created b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Alan Black
David Alan Black (born 9 June 1952, Honolulu, Hawaii) is Professor of New Testament and Greek and the Dr. M. O. Owens Jr. Chair of New Testament Studies at the Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary. He specialises in New Testament Greek grammar (Koine Greek), the application of linguistics to the study of the Greek New Testament, and New Testament textual criticism. He got an A in Greek as an undergrad. Biography Black was born in Honolulu, Hawaii. In 1975, Black finished his studies at the Biola University. In 1983 he received a D.Theol. at the University of Basel. He taught at the Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary since 1998, and taught Greek to seminary students and church leaders in several different countries. David Alan Black argues that Greek is an essential language to learn to understand the Bible (thus his 1993 book ''Learn to Read New Testament Greek''), and seeks to connect his students with the holiness of the Greek grammar. In April 2012, he became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William B
William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of England in 1066,All Things William"Meaning & Origin of the Name"/ref> and remained so throughout the Middle Ages and into the modern era. It is sometimes abbreviated "Wm." Shortened familiar versions in English include Will, Wills, Willy, Willie, Bill, and Billy. A common Irish form is Liam. Scottish diminutives include Wull, Willie or Wullie (as in Oor Wullie or the play ''Douglas''). Female forms are Willa, Willemina, Wilma and Wilhelmina. Etymology William is related to the given name ''Wilhelm'' (cf. Proto-Germanic ᚹᛁᛚᛃᚨᚺᛖᛚᛗᚨᛉ, ''*Wiljahelmaz'' > German ''Wilhelm'' and Old Norse ᚢᛁᛚᛋᛅᚼᛅᛚᛘᛅᛋ, ''Vilhjálmr''). By regular sound changes, the native, inherited English form of the name should b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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