Minuscule 2818
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Minuscule 2818
Minuscule 2818 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), Aπρ20 ( von Soden). Formerly it was labelled as 36aK in all catalogues, but it was renumbered by Aland, because two manuscripts had number 36 (36e and 36a). It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 12th-century. Description The codex contains the text of the Acts of the Apostles and Catholic epistles on 245 parchment leaves with a commentary. The text is written in one column per page, 39 lines per page, the pages are 26 by 20.5 cm. The text is written on a parchment in minuscule. It contains Prolegomena. The text is divided according to the (''chapters''), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their (''titles of chapters'') at the top of the pages. The text of the Acts of the Apostles is surrounded by a Catena of Church Fathers.F. H. A. Scrivener, ''A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament'' (George Bell & Sons: London 1894), Vol. 1, p. 287. It co ...
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2 Peter 1
2 Peter 1 is the first chapter of the Second Epistle of Peter in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The author identifies himself as "Simon Peter, a bondservant and apostle of Jesus Christ" and the epistle is traditionally attributed to Peter the Apostle, but some writers argue that it is the work of Peter's followers in Rome between the years 70 and 100. Text The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 21 verses. Textual witnesses Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are: ;Greek *Papyrus 72 (3rd/4th century) *Codex Vaticanus (B or 03; 325–50) *Codex Sinaiticus ( or 01; 330–60) *Codex Alexandrinus (A or 02; 400–40) *Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (C or 04; c. 450; extant verses 2–21) ;Latin *Codex Floriacensis (h; 6th century Old-Latin; extant verses 1–21) Old Testament references * : Relationship with the Epistle of Jude There is an obvious relationship between the texts of 2 Peter and the Epistle of Jude. The s ...
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Minuscule 462
Minuscule 462 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 359 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on a paper. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century. Formerly it was labelled by 101a and 116p. It was adapted for liturgical use. Description The codex contains the text of the Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles on 240 paper leaves (). It is carefully written in one column per page, 25 lines per page. It contains prolegomena, Synaxarion, and scholia to the Acts, and lectionary markings at the margin of the Epistles for liturgical reading. It contains ''Martyrium Pauli''. The order of books: Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles. Kurt Aland did not place the Greek text of the codex in any Category. According to the subscription at the end of the Epistle to the Romans, the Letter was written προς Ρωμαιους εγραφη απο Κορινθου δια Φο ...
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Minuscule 94
Minuscule 94 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), O31 ( von Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment and paper, dated to the 12th or 13th century.K. Aland, M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, "Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments", ''Walter de Gruyter'', Berlin, New York 1994, p. 52. Formerly it was labelled by 18a, 21p, and 19r. Description The codex contains the text of the Acts of the Apostles, Pauline epistles, Book of Revelation on 328 parchment and paper leaves (size ) with some lacunae. The order of books is usual: Acts, Catholic epistles, Pauline epistles (Hebrews are placed before 1 Timothy), and Revelation of John. The leaves 1-26 are written on vellum, the rest on cotton paper (leaves 27-328). The text is written in one column per page, 22 lines per page (38 lines with text of Commentary). It contains scholia to the Acts and Catholic epistles, Andreas's Commentary to the Apocalypse, and Prolegomena to ...
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Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft
The Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft ("German Bible Society") is a religious foundation regulated by public law. It is involved in publishing and in spreading the message of the Bible. The Society publishes the Bible in the original languages and in translation, as well as the texts of the apocrypha and scholarly works in biblical studies. History In 1965, independent regional Bible Societies came together as the Protestant Bible Organisation. The German Bible Society was formed in 1981 when this organization joined with the German Bible Foundation, made up of the Bible Societies of the Protestant Churches of the German states. The Society is based in the Möhringen district of Stuttgart. Its origins can be traced back to, among other things, the Canstein Bible Institution, founded in 1710. ; Published books The German Bible Society's publishing operations cover more than 700 books and other products, of which 300 are Bible editions. It distributes more than 400,000 Bibles annuall ...
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Bruce M
The English language name Bruce arrived in Scotland with the Normans, from the place name Brix, Manche in Normandy, France, meaning "the willowlands". Initially promulgated via the descendants of king Robert the Bruce (1274−1329), it has been a Scottish surname since medieval times; it is now a common given name. The variant ''Lebrix'' and ''Le Brix'' are French variations of the surname. Actors * Bruce Bennett (1906–2007), American actor and athlete * Bruce Boxleitner (born 1950), American actor * Bruce Campbell (born 1958), American actor, director, writer, producer and author * Bruce Davison (born 1946), American actor and director * Bruce Dern (born 1936), American actor * Bruce Gray (1936–2017), American-Canadian actor * Bruce Greenwood (born 1956), Canadian actor and musician * Bruce Herbelin-Earle (born 1998), English-French actor and model * Bruce Jones (born 1953), English actor * Bruce Kirby (1925–2021), American actor * Bruce Lee (1940–1973), martial ...
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Codex Alexandrinus
The Codex Alexandrinus (London, British Library, Royal MS 1. D. V-VIII), designated by the siglum A or 02 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), δ 4 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a manuscript of the Greek Bible,The Greek Bible in this context refers to the Bible used by Greek-speaking Christians who lived in Egypt and elsewhere during the early history of Christianity. This Bible contained both the Old and New Testaments in Koine Greek. written on parchment. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been dated to the fifth century. It contains the majority of the Greek Old Testament and the Greek New Testament. It is one of the four Great uncial codices (these being manuscripts which originally contained the whole of both the Old and New Testaments). Along with Codex Sinaiticus and Vaticanus, it is one of the earliest and most complete manuscripts of the Bible. It derives its name from the ...
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Minuscule 1891
Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (or more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (or more formally ''minuscule'') in the written representation of certain languages. The writing systems that distinguish between the upper and lowercase have two parallel sets of letters, with each letter in one set usually having an equivalent in the other set. The two case variants are alternative representations of the same letter: they have the same name and pronunciation and are treated identically when sorting in alphabetical order. Letter case is generally applied in a mixed-case fashion, with both upper and lowercase letters appearing in a given piece of text for legibility. The choice of case is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthography, the uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun (ca ...
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Minuscule 1739
Minuscule 1739 (per Gregory-Aland numbering), α 78 (per von Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on 102 parchment leaves (23 cm by 17.5 cm). It is dated paleographically to the 10th century.K. Aland, M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, "Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments", ''Walter de Gruyter'', Berlin, New York 1994, p. 145. Description The codex contains the text of the Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles. The text is written in one column per page, 35 lines per page. The Epistle to the Hebrews is placed before 1 Timothy. It contains scholia, lectionary markings were added by a later hand. It contains a large number of notes drawn from early church fathers (Irenaeus, Clement, Origen, Eusebius, and Basil), but none later than Basil (329-379 CE), suggesting a relatively early date for 1739's exemplar. The text of this manuscript often agrees with p46 and Codex Vaticanus. A colophon indic ...
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Minuscule 945 (Gregory-Aland)
Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (or more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (or more formally ''minuscule'') in the written representation of certain languages. The writing systems that distinguish between the upper and lowercase have two parallel sets of letters, with each letter in one set usually having an equivalent in the other set. The two case variants are alternative representations of the same letter: they have the same name and pronunciation and are treated identically when sorting in alphabetical order. Letter case is generally applied in a mixed-case fashion, with both upper and lowercase letters appearing in a given piece of text for legibility. The choice of case is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthography, the uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun (ca ...
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Minuscule 453
Minuscule 453 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), A πρ40 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on a parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century. Formerly it was labelled by 81a. Description The codex contains the text of the Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles on 295 parchment leaves (). The text is written in two columns per page, in 32 lines per page. It contains Prolegomena to the Acts, table of the (''tables of contents'') to the Acts, numbers of the (''chapters'') to the Acts are given at the margin, the (''titles'') in Acts and epistles, and a commentary. Text The Greek text of the codex is a mixture of text-types. Aland placed it in Category III. In Acts 8:37 it has additional verse together with the manuscripts Codex Laudanius, 323, 945, 1739, 1891, 2818 (formerly 36a), and several others.Nestle-Aland, ''Novum Testamentum Graece'', 26th edition, p. 345; Bruce M. Metzger, ''A Textu ...
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Minuscule 323
Minuscule 323 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 157 ( Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. Formerly it was designated by 29a and 35p. Description The codex contains the text of the Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles on 374 parchment leaves () with some lacunae. The text is written in one column per page, in 18 lines per page. The texts of Acts 1:1-8; 2:36-45 were supplied by a later hand. There are other small defects. It is beautifully but carelessly written, without subscriptions at the end of books. Text The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type, but the Byzantine element is very strong. Aland assigned it to Category II in Catholic epistles, and to Category III elsewhere. Textually it is very close to the codex 322, as a sister manuscript. It is a member of the textual family 1739. In Acts 8:37 it has ...
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Codex Basilensis A
The codex (plural codices ) was the historical ancestor of the modern book. Instead of being composed of sheets of paper, it used sheets of vellum, papyrus, or other materials. The term ''codex'' is often used for ancient manuscript books, with handwritten contents. A codex, much like the modern book, is bound by stacking the pages and securing one set of edges by a variety of methods over the centuries, yet in a form analogous to modern bookbinding. Modern books are divided into paperback or softback and those bound with stiff boards, called hardbacks. Elaborate historical bindings are called treasure bindings. At least in the Western world, the main alternative to the paged codex format for a long document was the continuous scroll, which was the dominant form of document in the ancient world. Some codices are continuously folded like a concertina, in particular the Maya codices and Aztec codices, which are actually long sheets of paper or animal skin folded into pages. The ...
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