|
Ministry Of Research And Technology
Ministry of Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia (abbrievated as Kemenristek, or RISTEK-BRIN on its logo) was a government ministry that has the task of conducting affairs in the field of research, science and technology to assist the President of Indonesia in carrying out state. The ministry was formerly known as the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia. History Founded in 1962 under the name National Research Affairs Ministry of the Republic of Indonesia, and in 1973 changed its name to the Ministry of Research. Year 1986-2001 as Minister of State for Research and Technology, and in 2002 according Circular Minister of State for Administrative Reform concerning Naming Government Agencies, Office of the Secretary of State referred to the Ministry of Research and Technology. In 2005 pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 9 In 2005, this institution called the Ministry of Research and Technology (KNRT) or as the State Min ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of Indonesia
The term Government of Indonesia ( id, Pemerintah Indonesia) can have a number of different meanings. At its widest, it can refer collectively to the three traditional branches of government – the executive branch, legislative branch and judicial branch. The term is also used colloquially to mean the executive and legislature together, as these are the branches of government responsible for day-to-day governance of the nation and lawmaking. At its narrowest, the term is used to refer to the executive branch in form of the Cabinet of Indonesia as this is the branch of government responsible for day-to-day governance. History Liberal democracy era An era of Liberal Democracy ( id, Demokrasi Liberal) in Indonesia began on August 17, 1950 following the dissolution of the federal United States of Indonesia less than a year after its formation, and ended with the imposition of martial law and President Sukarno's 1959 Decree, President Sukarno's decree regarding the introduction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eijkman
Christiaan Eijkman ( , , ; 11 August 1858 – 5 November 1930) was a Dutch physician and professor of physiology whose demonstration that beriberi is caused by poor diet led to the discovery of antineuritic vitamins (thiamine). Together with Sir Frederick Hopkins, he received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1929 for the discovery of vitamins. Biography Early life and education Christiaan Eijkman was born on 11 August 1858, at Nijkerk, Netherlands as the seventh child of Christiaan Eijkman, the headmaster of a local school, and Johanna Alida Pool. His elder brother Johann Frederik Eijkman (1851–1915) was also a chemist. A year later, in 1859, the Eijkman family moved to Zaandam, where his father was appointed head of a newly founded school for advanced elementary education. It was here that Christiaan and his brothers received their early education. In 1875, after taking his preliminary examinations, Eijkman became a student at the Military Medical School of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fifth Development Cabinet
The Fifth Development Cabinet ( id, Kabinet Pembangunan V) was the Indonesian Cabinet which served under President Suharto and Vice President Sudharmono from March 1988 until March 1993. It was formed after Suharto was elected to a 5th term as president by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR). The Five Cabinet Aims *Continuing, intensifying, deepening, and expanding the execution of National Development as an implementation of Pancasila with the Development Trilogy and National Resilience as its foundation. *Improving National Discipline with a State Apparatus as its pioneers and aiming towards a clean and legitimate Government. *Institutionalizing Pancasila, Pancasila Democracy, and the Guide to Learn and Apply Pancasila (P4) in daily life as a community, state, and nation. *Executing a free and active foreign policy for the National interest. *Holding a direct, universal, free, and secret Legislative Elections in 1992. President and Vice President Susunan Kabinet Pembang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fourth Development Cabinet
The Fourth Development Cabinet ( id, Kabinet Pembangunan IV) was the Indonesian cabinet which served under President Suharto and Vice President Umar Wirahadikusumah from March 1983 until March 1988. The Cabinet was formed after Suharto was elected to a 4th term as President by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR). The Five Cabinet Aims *Intensifying the Development Trilogy with the support of a stronger National Resilience. *Intensifying administrative reform and aiming towards a clean and legitimate Government. *Intensifying the institutionalization of Pancasila in developing Pancasila Democracy and the Guide to Learn and Apply Pancasila (P4) and to strengthen the unity and oneness of the Nation. *Intensifying the free and active foreign policy for the sake of National Interest. *Holding a direct, universal, free, and secret Legislative Election in 1987. President and Vice President *President: Gen. (ret.) Suharto *Vice President: Gen. (ret.) Umar Wirahadikusumah Coordinat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Development Cabinet
The Third Development Cabinet ( id, Kabinet Pembangunan III) was the Indonesian Cabinet which served under President Suharto and Vice President Adam Malik. The Cabinet was formed after Suharto was elected to a third term as president by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR). The Seven Cabinet Aims *The establishment of an environment and a situation which will ensure social justice for the people through the equity of Development and its results. *The accomplishment of high economic growth. *The consolidation of an ever stronger National Stability. *The creation of a clean and legitimate State Apparatus. *The continuing development of a stronger national unity and oneness with the Guide to Learn and Apply Pancasila (P4) as its foundation. *The holding of a direct, universal, free, and secret Legislative Election with the aim of strengthening Pancasila Democracy. *Further developing a free and active foreign policy for the sake of National Interest and with the aim of strengthen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Development Cabinet
The Second Development Cabinet ( id, Kabinet Pembangunan II)Decree of the President of the Republic of Indonesia Number 9 of 1973 dated March 28, 1973. is the name of the cabinet of the Indonesian government led by President Soeharto and Vice President Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX. This cabinet was announced on March 27, 1973 and served since March 28, 1973 to March 29, 1978. The Sapta Krida of Second Development Cabinet are as follows: * Maintaining and enhancing political stability. * Maintaining and enhancing security and order stability. * Maintaining and enhancing economic stability. * Completing Repelita I and then preparing and implementing Repelita II. * Improving people's welfare. * Improving the order and utilization of apparatus. * Holding general elections at the end of 1977. During this cabinet period, The Second Pelita began ( 1 April 1974 – 31 March 1979). The targets to be achieved at this time are food, clothing, housing, facilities and infrastructure, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soemitro Djojohadikoesoemo
Sumitro Djojohadikusumo ( EVO: Soemitro Djojohadikoesoemo; 29 May 1917 – 9 March 2001) was an Indonesian politician and one of the country's most influential economists. He held notable roles under both presidents Sukarno and Suharto intermittently between 1950 and 1978. During his career in government, he served as Minister of Industry and Trade, Minister of Finance, and the Minister of Research in five different cabinets. He was also the Dean of the Faculty of Economics at the University of Indonesia. Born into a Javanese family, Sumitro studied economics at the Netherlands School of Economics. Returning to Indonesia following the conclusion of the Second World War, he was assigned to the country's diplomatic mission in the United States, where he sought to raise funds and garner international attention in the struggle against Dutch colonialism. After the handover of sovereignty in the 1949 Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference, in which he took part, he joined the So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Revised Dwikora Cabinet
The second revised Dwikora Cabinet ( id, Kabinet Dwikora Yang Disempurnakan Lagi) was the Indonesian cabinet which served under President Sukarno from March 1966 until July 1966. The Cabinet was formed after Lieutenant General Suharto, using the powers that Sukarno gave to him in Supersemar, arrested 15 Ministers from the Revised Dwikora Cabinet suspected of being sympathizers of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI). President *President/Prime Minister/Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces/Mandatory of the Provisional People's Consultative Assembly (MPRS)/Great Leader of the Revolution: Sukarno Office of the President *Deputy Prime Minister for General Affairs: Johannes Leimena *State Secretary: M. Ichsan *Presidential Secretary for Special Affairs: S. Munadjat Danusaputro *Cabinet Secretary: Police Brig. Gen. Hugeng Imam Santoso *Deputy State Secretary and Presidential Secretary: Djamin Ginting Ministers in the Field of Social and Political Affairs *Deputy Prime Minist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revised Dwikora Cabinet
The revised Dwikora Cabinet ( id, Kabinet Dwikora Yang Disempurnakan) was the Indonesian Cabinet which served under President Sukarno from February 1966 to March 1966. The Cabinet was formed under an extremely tense political situation and it was expected that this Cabinet would address the concerns of the people. It was during a meeting of this Cabinet that unidentified troops surrounded the Presidential Palace causing to Sukarno to escape to Bogor from where he gave Supersemar to Lieutenant General Suharto. President *President/Prime Minister/Supreme Commander of the National Armed Forces of the Republic/Mandatory of the Provisional People's Consultative Assembly (MPRS)/Great Leader of the Revolution: Sukarno Cabinet Presidium *First Deputy Prime Minister/Minister of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade: Subandrio *Second Deputy Prime Minister/Coordinating Minister of Distribution/Minister of Higher Education and Science: Johannes Leimena *Third Deputy Prime Minister/Chairman of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suhadi Reksowardojo
Suhadi Reksowardojo (29 July 1923 – 26 July 1990) was an Indonesian academic. He also briefly served as Minister for National Research between February to July 1966. Biography Suhadi was born in Salatiga on 29 July 1923, and he studied chemical engineering during the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies at the Bandung Kogyo Daigaku. He completed his initial diploma in 1948, when the school had moved to Yogyakarta due to the Indonesian National Revolution. During the revolution itself, Suhadi paused his studies, and took part in the nationalist cause, helping in the seizure of several production plants in West Java. After the war, he continued his studies at the University of Indonesia, obtaining his bachelor's degree in chemical engineering in 1957. He then began teaching chemical engineering there, before taking part in the founding of the Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB) in 1958. He formulated the ''Tri Soko Guru'' in 1962, a set of principles for education whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
