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Mimeo Revolution
The Mimeo Revolution (or Mimeograph Revolution) of the 1960s and 1970s was an active period of small-scale, non-commercial, literary publishing facilitated by the accessibility of the mimeograph. It is distinguished from the traditional private press by its emphasis on quick, cheap production. Presses associated with the Mimeo Revolution often published experimental and underground work, and were important venues for poets, writers and artists ignored by mainstream magazines. Their emphasis was often (but not always) on poetry, including work by the Black Mountain poets, the poets of the Beat Generation, the New York School, and the San Francisco Renaissance, as well as such experimental genres as Concrete Poetry. Unlike mainstream literary magazines, they were usually published by the poets and communities of poets whose work appeared in them. Significant Mimeo Revolution magazines and presses include 7 Flowers Press, Angel Hair, Beatitude, Big Table, “C” Press, Duende, Floa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mimeograph
A mimeograph machine (often abbreviated to mimeo, sometimes called a stencil duplicator) is a low-cost duplicating machine that works by forcing ink through a stencil onto paper. The process is called mimeography, and a copy made by the process is a mimeograph. Mimeographs, along with spirit duplicators and hectographs, were common technologies for printing small quantities of a document, as in office work, classroom materials, and church bulletins. Early fanzines were printed by mimeograph because the machines and supplies were widely available and inexpensive. Beginning in the late 1960s and continuing into the 1970s, photocopying gradually displaced mimeographs, spirit duplicators, and hectographs. For even smaller quantities, up to about five, a typist would use carbon paper. Origins Use of stencils is an ancient art, butthrough chemistry, papers, and pressestechniques advanced rapidly in the late nineteenth century: Papyrograph A description of the Papyrograph meth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Private Press
Private press publishing, with respect to books, is an endeavor performed by craft-based expert or aspiring artisans, either amateur or professional, who, among other things, print and build books, typically by hand, with emphasis on design, graphics, layout, fine printing, binding, covers, paper, stitching, and the like. Description The term "private press" is not synonymous with "fine press," " small press," or "university press" – though there are similarities. One similarity shared by all is that they need not meet higher commercial thresholds of commercial presses. Private presses, however, often have no profit motive. A similarity shared with fine and small presses, but not university presses, is that for various reasons – namely quality – production quantity is often limited. University presses are typically more automated. A distinguishing quality of private presses is that they enjoy sole discretion over literary, scientific, artistic, and aesthetic merits ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Mountain Poets
The Black Mountain poets, sometimes called projectivist poets, were a group of mid-20th-century American ''avant-garde'' or postmodern poets centered on Black Mountain College in North Carolina. Background Although it lasted only twenty-three years (1933–1956) and enrolled fewer than 1,200 students, Black Mountain College was one of the most fabled experimental institutions in art education and practice. It launched a remarkable number of the artists who spearheaded the avant-garde in the America of the 1960s. It boasted an extraordinary curriculum in the visual, literary, and performing arts as evidenced by some of the artists and teachers listed below. Among the literature teachers and students were Robert Creeley, Fielding Dawson, Ed Dorn, Robert Duncan, Paul Goodman, Francine du Plessix Gray, Hilda Morley, Charles Olson, M. C. Richards, Arthur Penn, and John Wieners. Projective verse In 1950, Charles Olson published his seminal essay, '' Projective Verse''. In this, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beat Generation
The Beat Generation was a literary subculture movement started by a group of authors whose work explored and influenced American culture and politics in the post-war era. The bulk of their work was published and popularized by Silent Generationers in the 1950s, better known as Beatniks. The central elements of Beat culture are the rejection of standard narrative values, making a spiritual quest, the exploration of American and Eastern religions, the rejection of economic materialism, explicit portrayals of the human condition, experimentation with psychedelic drugs, and sexual liberation and exploration. Allen Ginsberg's ''Howl'' (1956), William S. Burroughs' ''Naked Lunch'' (1959), and Jack Kerouac's ''On the Road'' (1957) are among the best known examples of Beat literature.Charters (1992) ''The Portable Beat Reader''. Both ''Howl'' and ''Naked Lunch'' were the focus of obscenity trials that ultimately helped to liberalize publishing in the United States.Ann Charters, ''int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York School (art)
The New York School was an informal group of American poets, painters, dancers, and musicians active in the 1950s and 1960s in New York City. They often drew inspiration from surrealism and the contemporary avant-garde art movements, in particular action painting, abstract expressionism, jazz, improvisational theater, experimental music, and the interaction of friends in the New York City art world's vanguard circle. People Frank O'Hara was at the center of the group before his death in 1966. Because of his numerous friendships and his post as a curator at the Museum of Modern Art, he provided connections between the poets and painters such as Jane Freilicher, Fairfield Porter, and Larry Rivers (who was O'Hara's lover). There were many joint works and collaborations, particularly between poets such as O'Hara, Kenneth Koch, John Ashbery, and James Schuyler: Rivers inspired a play by Koch, Koch and Ashbery together wrote the poem "A Postcard to Popeye", Ashbery and Schuyler wr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Francisco Renaissance
The term San Francisco Renaissance is used as a global designation for a range of poetic activity centered on San Francisco, which brought it to prominence as a hub of the American poetry avant-garde in the 1950s. However, others (e.g., Alan Watts, Ralph J. Gleason) felt this renaissance was a broader phenomenon and should be seen as also encompassing the visual and performing arts, philosophy, cross-cultural interests (particularly those that involved Asian cultures), and new social sensibilities. Founding Kenneth Rexroth—poet, translator, critic, and author—is the founding father of the renaissance. Rexroth was a prominent second generation modernist poet who corresponded with Ezra Pound and William Carlos Williams and was published in the '' Objectivist Anthology''. He was amongst the first American poets to explore Japanese poetry traditions such as haiku and was also heavily influenced by jazz. If Rexroth was the founding father, Madeline Gleason was the founding mother. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Concrete Poetry
Concrete poetry is an arrangement of linguistic elements in which the typographical effect is more important in conveying meaning than verbal significance. It is sometimes referred to as visual poetry, a term that has now developed a distinct meaning of its own. Concrete poetry relates more to the visual than to the verbal arts although there is a considerable overlap in the kind of product to which it refers. Historically, however, concrete poetry has developed from a long tradition of shaped or patterned poems in which the words are arranged in such a way as to depict their subject. Development Though the term ‘concrete poetry’ is modern, the idea of using letter arrangements to enhance the meaning of a poem is old. Such shaped poetry was popular in Greek Alexandria during the 3rd and 2nd centuries BCE, although only the handful which were collected together in the Greek Anthology now survive. Examples include poems by Simmias of Rhodes in the shape of an egg, wings and a ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fuck You (magazine)
''Fuck You/ A Magazine of the Arts'' was a literary magazine founded in 1962 by the poet Ed Sanders on the Lower East Side of New York City. Sanders later co-founded the musical group the Fugs. Sanders produced thirteen issues of ''Fuck You/ A Magazine of the Arts'' from 1962 to 1965. The credo for the magazine, originated by Sanders, was ''I'll print anything.'' Its first issue contained the following dedication: "Dedicated to Pacifism, Unilateral Disarmament, National Defense thru Nonviolent Resistence ic Multilateral Indiscriminate Apertural Conjugation, Anarchism, World Federalism, Civil Disobedience, Obstructers & Submarine Boarders, and All Those Groped by J. Edgar Hoover in the Silent Halls of Congress." ''Fuck You/ A Magazine of the Arts'' was produced on a mimeograph and printed on multi-colored construction paper. Legacy ''Fuck You/ A Magazine of the Arts'' was a core publication in the Mimeo Revolution. It was dedicated to free expression, and especially defying t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E (magazine)
''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E'' was an avant-garde poetry magazine edited by Charles Bernstein and Bruce Andrews that ran thirteen issues from February 1978 to October 1981. Along with ''This'', it is the magazine most often referenced as the breeding ground for the group of writers who became known as the Language poets The Language poets (or ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E'' poets, after the magazine of that name) are an avant-garde group or tendency in United States poetry that emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The poets included: Bernadette Mayer, Leslie Scal .... References Bibliography * External links ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E Magazine'' online archive*Meaning, Unmeaning and the Poetics of L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E, article by Suman Chakraborty ''poetry previews'' *https://web.archive.org/web/20131021134226/http://www.poets.org/viewmedia.php/prmMID/5661 Alternative magazines Poetry magazines published in the United States Avant-garde magazines Defunct literary magazines published in the Un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ole' (magazine)
''Ole magazine was one of the first small literary magazines produced by mimeograph to reach a nationwide audience. Published by Sacramento poet and editor Douglas Blazek, ''Ole was at the heart of the Mimeo Revolution which saw underground presses publish non-establishment poets who could not get published in mainstream literary magazines such as ''Poetry Magazine''. History and profile ''Ole'' was founded in 1964. The first edition of the magazine, published by The Mimeo Press of Bensenville, Illinois, was edited by Douglas Blazek. It was "Dedicated to the Cause of Making Poetry Dangerous", and featured three poems by Charles Bukowski ("Watchdog", "Freedom" and "Age"). Bukowski's work would be featured in all eight editions; other contributors were Harold Norse (whose work would be featured in a special issue, ''Ole #5 in 1966), Al Purdy, Steve Richmond and William Wantling. The print runs of each issue were limited to 400 copies, which were individually numbered. Beginning w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wormwood Review
The ''Wormwood Review'' was a literary magazine published from Fall 1959 to April 1999. Alan Kaufman (writer), Alan Kaufman considered the magazine to be "the greatest little magazine of all time." History and profile The ''Wormwood Review'' was first published in Fall 1959 in Mt. Hope, Connecticut. The founding editors were Alexander (Sandy) Taylor, James Scully (poet), James Scully, and Morton Felix. It was also edited and published by Marvin Malone. Later, the magazine moved to Stockton, California. Poets published by the magazine included Charles Bukowski, Gregory Corso, e.e. cummings, James Dickey, Jack Micheline, Peter Orlovsky, and William Wantling. The magazine organized the annual Wormwood Award. The last issue of the ''Wormwood Review'' was published in April 1999. Notable contributors *Douglas Blazek *Bertolt Brecht *Charles Bukowski *William S. Burroughs *Neeli Cherkovski *Gregory Corso *e.e. cummings *James Dickey *Jules Feiffer *Paul Fericano *Edsel Ford *Günter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samizdat
Samizdat (russian: самиздат, lit=self-publishing, links=no) was a form of dissident activity across the Eastern Bloc in which individuals reproduced censored and underground makeshift publications, often by hand, and passed the documents from reader to reader. The practice of manual reproduction was widespread, because most typewriters and printing devices required official registration and permission to access. This was a grassroots practice used to evade official Soviet censorship. Name origin and variations Etymologically, the word ''samizdat'' derives from ''sam'' (, "self, by oneself") and ''izdat'' (, an abbreviation of , , "publishing house"), and thus means "self-published". The Ukrainian language has a similar term: ''samvydav'' (самвидав), from ''sam'', "self", and ''vydavnytstvo'', "publishing house". A Russian poet Nikolay Glazkov coined a version of the term as a pun in the 1940s when he typed copies of his poems and included the note ''Samsebyaizd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
