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Mikołaj Firlej (1588–1635)
Mikołaj Firlej (1588–1635) was a Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth szlachcic and politician. Starost of Kazimierz Dolny from 1596, Lublin from 1614; castellan of Bielsk Podlaski from 1615, Wojnicz from 1618; voivode of Sandomierz from 1633. He was also a marshal of the Crown Tribunal and deputy to Sejm. He was the son of the voivode of Kraków Mikołaj Firlej and Elżbieta Ligięzianka. In his youth, for twelve years he studied in Germany, England, Italy, Spainan and France. Supporter of Habsburgs and king Władysław IV Waza. Married to Regina Oleśnicka, father of Zbigniew Zbigniew () is a Polish masculine given name, originally Zbygniew . This West Slavic name is derived from the Polish elements ''Zby-'' (from ''zbyć, zbyć się, or pozbyć się'', meaning "to dispel", "to get rid of") and ''gniew'', meaning "ange ..., Henryk, Stanisław, Andrzej and three daughters. Later married to Maria Mohyłowna. Secular senators of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Members of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and, after 1791, as the Commonwealth of Poland, was a bi-confederal state, sometimes called a federation, of Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Lithuania ruled by a common Monarchy, monarch in real union, who was both King of Poland and List of Lithuanian monarchs, Grand Duke of Lithuania. It was one of the largest and most populous countries of 16th- to 17th-century Europe. At its largest territorial extent, in the early 17th century, the Commonwealth covered almost and as of 1618 sustained a multi-ethnic population of almost 12 million. Polish language, Polish and Latin were the two co-official languages. The Commonwealth was established by the Union of Lublin in July 1569, but the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania had been in a ''de facto'' personal union since 1386 with the marriage of the Polish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voivode Of Kraków
Voivode (, also spelled ''voievod'', ''voevod'', ''voivoda'', ''vojvoda'' or ''wojewoda'') is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe since the Early Middle Ages. It primarily referred to the medieval rulers of the Romanian-inhabited states and of governors and military commanders of Hungarian, Balkan or some Slavic-speaking populations. In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ''voivode'' was interchangeably used with ''palatine''. In the Tsardom of Russia, a voivode was a military governor. Among the Danube principalities, ''voivode'' was considered a princely title. Etymology The term ''voivode'' comes from two roots. is related to warring, while means 'leading' in Old Slavic, together meaning 'war leader' or 'warlord'. The Latin translation is for the principal commander of a military force, serving as a deputy for the monarch. In early Slavic, ''vojevoda'' meant the , the military leader in battle. The term has also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1588 Births
__NOTOC__ Events January–June * February – The Sinhalese abandon the siege of Colombo, capital of Portuguese Ceylon. * February 9 – The sudden death of Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz, in the midst of preparations for the Spanish Armada, forces King Philip II of Spain to re-allocate the command of the fleet. * April 14 (April 4 Old Style) – Christian IV becomes king of Denmark–Norway, upon the death of his father, Frederick II. * May 12 – Day of the Barricades in Paris: Henry I, Duke of Guise seizes the city, forcing King Henry III to flee. * May 28 – The Spanish Armada, with 130 ships and 30,000 men, begins to set sail from the Tagus estuary, under the command of the Duke of Medina Sedonia and Juan Martínez de Recalde, heading for the English Channel (it will take until May 30 for all of the ships to leave port). July–December * July – King Henry III of France capitulates to the Duke of Guise, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Members Of The Sejm Of The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Member may refer to: * Military jury, referred to as "Members" in military jargon * Element (mathematics), an object that belongs to a mathematical set * In object-oriented programming, a member of a class ** Field (computer science), entries in a database ** Member variable, a variable that is associated with a specific object * Limb (anatomy), an appendage of the human or animal body ** Euphemism for penis * Structural component of a truss, connected by nodes * User (computing), a person making use of a computing service, especially on the Internet * Member (geology), a component of a geological formation * Member of parliament * The Members, a British punk rock band * Meronymy, a semantic relationship in linguistics * Church membership, belonging to a local Christian congregation, a Christian denomination and the universal Church * Member, a participant in a Club (organization), club or learned society See also * * {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secular Senators Of The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Secularity, also the secular or secularness (from Latin ''saeculum'', "worldly" or "of a generation"), is the state of being unrelated or neutral in regards to religion. Anything that does not have an explicit reference to religion, either negatively or positively, may be considered secular. Linguistically, a process by which anything becomes secular is named ''secularization'', though the term is mainly reserved for the secularization of society; and any concept or ideology promoting the secular may be termed ''secularism'', a term generally applied to the ideology dictating no religious influence on the public sphere. Definitions Historically, the word ''secular'' was not related or linked to religion, but was a freestanding term in Latin which would relate to any mundane endeavour. However, the term, saecula saeculorumsaeculōrumbeing the genitive plural of saeculum) as found in the New Testament in the Vulgate translation (circa 410) of the original Koine Greek phrase ('' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zbigniew Firlej
{{Poland-noble-stub ...
Zbigniew Firlej (c. 1613–1649), of Lewart coat of arms, was a noble of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Starost of Lublin. Son of Mikołaj Firlej and Regina Oleśnicka. Married to Anna Wiśniowiecka, daughter of Michał Wiśniowiecki (around 1636–1638); and to Katarzyna Opalińska, daughter of Łukasz Opaliński, in 1647. References 1610s births 1649 deaths Zbigniew Zbigniew () is a Polish masculine given name, originally Zbygniew . This West Slavic name is derived from the Polish elements ''Zby-'' (from ''zbyć, zbyć się, or pozbyć się'', meaning "to dispel", "to get rid of") and ''gniew'', meaning "ange ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Władysław IV Waza
Władysław is a Polish given male name, cognate with Vladislav. The feminine form is Władysława, archaic forms are Włodzisław (male) and Włodzisława (female), and Wladislaw is a variation. These names may refer to: Famous people Mononym * Włodzisław, Duke of Lendians (10th century) *Władysław I Herman (ca. 1044–1102), Duke of Poland * Władysław II the Exile (1105–1159), High Duke of Poland and Duke of Silesia *Władysław III Spindleshanks (1161/67–1231), Duke of Poland *Władysław Opolski (1225/1227-1281/1282), Polish duke *Władysław of Salzburg (1237–1270), Polish Roman Catholic archbishop *Władysław I the Elbow-high (1261–1333), King of Poland * Władysław of Oświęcim (c. 1275–1324), Duke of Oświęcim *Władysław of Bytom (c. 1277–c. 1352), Polish noble *Władysław of Legnica (1296–after 1352), Duke of Legnica * Władysław the Hunchback (c. 1303-c. 1352), Polish prince *Władysław the White (c. 1327–1388), Duke of Gniewkowo * Władys� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habsburgs
The House of Habsburg (), alternatively spelled Hapsburg in Englishgerman: Haus Habsburg, ; es, Casa de Habsburgo; hu, Habsburg család, it, Casa di Asburgo, nl, Huis van Habsburg, pl, dom Habsburgów, pt, Casa de Habsburgo, la, Domus Habsburg, french: Maison des Habsbourg and also known as the House of Austriagerman: link=no, Haus Österreich, ; es, link=no, Casa de Austria; nl, Huis van Oostenrijk, pl, dom Austrii, la, Domus Austriæ, french: Maison d'Autriche; hu, Ausztria Háza; it, Casa d'Austria; pt, Casa da Áustria is one of the most prominent and important dynasties in European history. The house takes its name from Habsburg Castle, a fortress built in the 1020s in present-day Switzerland by Radbot of Klettgau, who named his fortress Habsburg. His grandson Otto II was the first to take the fortress name as his own, adding "Count of Habsburg" to his title. In 1273, Count Radbot's seventh-generation descendant Rudolph of Habsburg was elected King of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikołaj Firlej (?-1601)
Mikołaj Firlej may refer to several members of the Firlej family: * Mikołaj Firlej (?-1526), hetman, voiode of Sandomierz (wojewoda sandomierski) * Mikołaj Firlej (?-1588), voivode of Lublin (wojewoda lubelski) * Mikołaj Firlej (?-1601) Mikołaj Firlej may refer to several members of the Firlej family: * Mikołaj Firlej (?-1526), hetman, voiode of Sandomierz (wojewoda sandomierski) * Mikołaj Firlej (?-1588) Mikołaj Firlej may refer to several members of the Firlej family: * Mik ..., voivode of Kraków (wojewoda krakowski), Grand Marshal of the Crown * Mikołaj Firlej (1588-1635), voivode of Sandomierz (wojewoda sandomierski) {{hndis, Firlej, Mikolaj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sejm
The Sejm (English: , Polish: ), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (Polish: ''Sejm Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej''), is the lower house of the bicameral parliament of Poland. The Sejm has been the highest governing body of the Third Polish Republic since the transition of government in 1989. Along with the upper house of parliament, the Senate, it forms the national legislature in Poland known as National Assembly ( pl, Zgromadzenie Narodowe). The Sejm is composed of 460 deputies (singular ''deputowany'' or ''poseł'' – "envoy") elected every four years by a universal ballot. The Sejm is presided over by a speaker called the "Marshal of the Sejm" (''Marszałek Sejmu''). In the Kingdom of Poland, the term "''Sejm''" referred to an entire two-chamber parliament, comprising the Chamber of Deputies ( pl, Izba Poselska), the Senate and the King. It was thus a three-estate parliament. The 1573 Henrician Articles strengthened the assembly's jurisdiction, makin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Szlachta
The ''szlachta'' (Polish: endonym, Lithuanian: šlėkta) were the noble estate of the realm in the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth who, as a class, had the dominating position in the state, exercising extensive political rights and power. Szlachta as a class differed significantly from the feudal nobility of Western Europe. The estate was officially abolished in 1921 by the March Constitution."Szlachta. Szlachta w Polsce" ''Encyklopedia PWN'' The origins of the ''szlachta'' are obscure and the subject of several theories. Traditionally, its members owned land (allods), [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crown Tribunal
The Crown Tribunal ( pl, Trybunał Główny Koronny, la, Iudicium Ordinarium Generale Tribunalis Regni) was the highest appellate court in the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland for most cases. Exceptions were if a noble landowner was threatened with loss of life and/or property, when he could appeal to the Sejm court (Parliament court). In 1578, King Stefan Batory created the Crown Tribunal to reduce the enormous pressure on the royal court. That placed much of the monarch's juridical power in the hands of the elected deputies of the szlachta (nobility) and further strengthened that class. In 1581, the Crown Tribunal was joined by a counterpart in Lithuania, the Lithuanian Tribunal (''Trybunał Litewski''). The tribunal consisted of 27 secular deputies elected from the nobility (szlachta) annually during the sessions of the local parliaments (sejmiks) and 6 ecclesiastical deputies elected by their respective Chapters. The tribunal was headed by a Tribunal President (''prezydent'' for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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