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Max Vexler
Max Wexler (also spelled Vexler or Wechsler, 4 November 1870 – 14 May 1917) was a Romanian socialist activist and journalist, regarded as one of the main Marxist theorist of the early Romanian workers' movement. Active in the first Romanian socialist party, the Romanian Social Democratic Workers' Party, he became dissatisfied with the party's passivity and its failure to openly support political rights for the Romanian Jews, initiating a separate Jewish socialist group. Following the party's demise, he was one of the main activists for the revival of the socialist movement in Iaşi, introducing to Marxism many future leaders of the Romanian socialist parties. Sympathetic to the 1917 February Revolution, he was arrested after attempting to gain the support of Russian soldiers present in the country during World War I. Wexler was assassinated in custody shortly after, with the Romanian authorities suppressing any formal enquiry into his death. Biography Early life and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lumea Nouă
Lumea Nouă is a middle Neolithic to Chalcolithic (possibly Early Bronze Age) archaeological site in Alba Iulia, Romania. The site is named after the Lumea Nouă district of the city. The site was first researched (and likely discovered) by Ion Berciu in the 1940s. It has been excavated by several researchers since then, most recently Mihai Gligor of the 1 Decembrie 1918 University, Alba Iulia. Cultures present at this site include Vinča culture, Vinča (B and C), Foieni, Petrești culture, Petrești and Coțofeni culture, Coțofeni. See also * Prehistory of Transylvania Archaeology of Romania Alba Iulia Archaeological sites in Romania Neolithic sites Former populated places in Eastern Europe Chalcolithic sites Bronze Age sites {{Europe-archaeology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilie Moscovici
Ilie B. Moscovici (also known as Tovilie; 28 November 1885 – 1 November 1943) was a Romanian socialist militant and journalist, one of the noted leaders of the Romanian Social Democratic Party (PSDR). A socialist since early youth and a party member since its creation in 1910, he returned from captivity in World War I to lead the PSDR from Bucharest, and involved himself in a violent clash with the Romanian authorities. He mediated between reformist and Bolshevik currents, and helped establish the Socialist Party of Romania (PS) as a fusion of both tendencies. Moscovici served as a PS representative in Chamber, but was deposed over his instigation of the 1920 general strike, then imprisoned. Although he voted against the creation of a Communist Party from the rump PS and criticized Comintern interference in Romanian affairs, he was again apprehended in 1921. Together with the communists, he appeared as a defendant in the Dealul Spirii Trial. Moscovici spent the 1920s and 1930s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoi Călin
Ottoi Călin (March 1886 – 1 April 1917) was a Romanian physician, journalist and socialist militant, considered one of the theoreticians of the Romanian workers' movement during the early 20th century. Early life and education Călin was born in a poor Jewish family in Iași, in north-eastern Romania. After finishing high school, he obtained a medical degree from the local university. During his teen years, along with other young students, he frequented the ''Circle of Social Studies'' organized by socialists Leon Ghelerter and Max Vexler. The ''Circle'', the main left-wing association in Moldavia at the time, played a major role in shaping future leaders of the Romanian socialist movement, such as Mihail Gheorghiu Bujor and Ilie Moscovici. Beside participating in the ''Circle'', Călin lectured on natural and social sciences for a local adult school. Beginning with 1908, he published regularly in the '' Viitorul Social'' magazine, with his articles targeting primarily theor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ion Sion
An ion () is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge. The charge of an electron is considered to be negative by convention and this charge is equal and opposite to the charge of a proton, which is considered to be positive by convention. The net charge of an ion is not zero because its total number of electrons is unequal to its total number of protons. A cation is a positively charged ion with fewer electrons than protons while an anion is a negatively charged ion with more electrons than protons. Opposite electric charges are pulled towards one another by electrostatic force, so cations and anions attract each other and readily form ionic compounds. Ions consisting of only a single atom are termed atomic or monatomic ions, while two or more atoms form molecular ions or polyatomic ions. In the case of physical ionization in a fluid (gas or liquid), "ion pairs" are created by spontaneous molecule collisions, where each generated pair consists of a free electron and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mihail Gheorghiu Bujor
Mihail Gheorghiu Bujor (November 8, 1881 – June 17, 1964) was a Romanian lawyer, journalist and socialist militant. An important figure in the early Romanian labour movement, he embraced communism during World War I and organised Romanian armed detachments in Odessa in support of the October Revolution, hoping to foment a revolution in his native country. A political prisoner in Romania for much of the interwar period and during World War II, he held several minor political offices after the regime change in the late 1940s. Early life Mihail Gh. Bujor was born in Iași, the sixth child of Gheorghe Gheorghiu, a civil servant. The family was somewhat influential in the city, affording the luxury to provide adequate education for all of the twelve children. Three of children died from tuberculosis, followed shortly by the parents while Mihail was in his teen years. The quick succession of deaths is credited with transforming Mihail into an atheist. After completing a local hig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)
The National Liberal Party ( ro, Partidul Național Liberal, PNL) was the first organised political party in Romania, a major force in the country's politics from its foundation in 1875 to World War II. Established in order to represent the interests of the nascent local bourgeoisie, until World War I it contested power with the Conservative Party, supported primarily by wealthy landowners, effectively creating a two-party system in a political system which severely limited the representation of the peasant majority through census suffrage. Unlike its major opponent, the PNL managed to preserve its prominence after the implementation of universal male suffrage, playing an important role in shaping the institutional framework of ''Greater Romania'' during the 1920s. History Dominated throughout its existence by the Brătianu family, the party was periodically affected by strong factionalism. Among the many splits during the party's early history a notable one was that led ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barbu Brănişteanu fish from the West Atlantic
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Barbu may refer to: People * Barbu (name), a list of people with the name and surname ''Barbu'' * Alejandro Barbudo Lorenzo, nicknamed ''Barbu'', Spanish footballer Places * Barbu, Iran, a village in the Bushehr Province of Iran * Barbu, Norway, a former municipality in Aust-Agder county, Norway * Barbu Church, a church in the city of Arendal in Norway Other * Barbu (card game), a card game originating in France * Barbu (''Polydactylus virginicus''), a species of threadfin Threadfins are silvery grey perciform fish of the family Polynemidae. Found in tropical to subtropical waters throughout the world, the threadfin family contains eight genera and about 40 species. An unrelated species sometimes known by the name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eight-hour Day
The eight-hour day movement (also known as the 40-hour week movement or the short-time movement) was a social movement to regulate the length of a working day, preventing excesses and abuses. An eight-hour work day has its origins in the 16th century Spain, but the modern movement dates back to the Industrial Revolution in Britain, where industrial production in large factories transformed working life. At that time, the working day could range from 10 to 16 hours, the work week was typically six days a week and the use of child labour was common. The first country that introduced the 8-hour work day by law for factory and fortification workers was Spain in 1593. In contemporary era, it was established for all professions by the Soviet Union in 1917. History Sixteenth century In 1594, Philip II of Spain established an eight-hour work day by a royal edict known as '' Ordenanzas de Felipe II'', or Ordinances of Philip II. This established: An exception was applied to mine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vintilă Rosetti
Vintilă is both a masculine Romanian given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include: Surname * Octavian Vintilă (born 1938), Romanian fencer * Simona Vintilă, Romanian footballer Given name *Vintilă Brătianu (1867–1930), Romanian politician and Prime Minister of Romania * Vintilă Ciocâlteu (1890–1947), Romanian physician and academic * Vintilă Cossini (1913–2000), Romanian footballer * Vintilă Horia (1915–1992), Romanian writer * Vintilă Mihăilescu (born 1951), Romanian anthropologist * Vintilă Russu-Șirianu (1897–?), Romanian journalist, memoirist, and translator * Vintilă of Wallachia, ruler of Wallachia in May 1574 See also *Vintilă Vodă Vintilă Vodă is a commune in Buzău County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of nine villages: Bodinești, Coca Antimirești, Coca Niculești, Niculești, Petrăchești, Podu Muncii, Sârbești, Smeești, and Vintilă Vodă. The commune is loc ..., commune in Buzău County, Romania {{DEFAULTSORT: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bucharest
Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of the Danube River and the Bulgarian border. Bucharest was first mentioned in documents in 1459. The city became the capital of Romania in 1862 and is the centre of Romanian media, culture, and art. Its architecture is a mix of historical (mostly Eclectic, but also Neoclassical and Art Nouveau), interbellum ( Bauhaus, Art Deco and Romanian Revival architecture), socialist era, and modern. In the period between the two World Wars, the city's elegant architecture and the sophistication of its elite earned Bucharest the nickname of 'Paris of the East' ( ro, Parisul Estului) or 'Little Paris' ( ro, Micul Paris). Although buildings and districts in the historic city centre were heavily damaged or destroyed by war, earthquakes, and even Nic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Der Wecker
''Der Wecker'' () was a Yiddish-language socialist newspaper, published in Iaşi, Romania, from May to September 1896. It was published by a socialist propaganda group, which also brought out ''Lumina''. In September 1896, the publication of ''Der Wecker'' was discontinued due to financial constraints.Linden, Marcel van der, and Jürgen Rojahn. The Formation of Labour Movements, 1870-1914: An International Perspective. Contributions to the history of labour and society, v. 2'. Leiden Leiden (; in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 119,713, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration wit ...: E.J. Brill, 1990. p. 369 See also * History of the Jews in Iași References 1896 establishments in Romania 1896 disestablishments in Romania Defunct newspapers published in Romania Jews and Judaism in Iași Mass media in Iași Newspapers p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
