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Mammotrectus Super Bibliam
''Mammotrectus super Bibliam'' ("nourisher on the Bible") of John Marchesinus is a guide to understanding the text of the Bible. It is one of the most important Franciscan school texts of the later Middle Ages and was written for the education of clerics.Franout-Marchesinus de Regio Lepidi (Marchesio da Reggio/Johannes Marchesinus/Marchesino da Reggio, fl. later 13thcent)/ref> The ''Mammotrectus'' was written in Latin by the Franciscan John Marchesinus, at Regio, near Modena, at the end of the 13th century. It was the most important work of Marchesinus. He based his work mainly on '' Expositiones vocabulorum biblie'' of the Franciscan William Brito, written between 1250 and 1270.Samuel Berger Paris, 1879, pp. 15-28. The ''Mammotrectus'' contains about 1,300 articles and is divided into three parts: 1) explanations for difficult biblical words and passages; 2) a series of digressions on orthography, the accents of Latin words, the seven feasts of the Old Testament Law, the clo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Marchesinus
John Marchesinus (called in Latin ''Johannes Marchesinus'' and in Italian ''Giovanni Marchesini'') was an Italian Franciscan friar, probably of the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries, who was the author of religious works. Little is known of Marchesinus, apart from what is said in his own work. Even the date of his life is uncertain and in the words of P. S. Allen "has been put both at 1300 and at 1466". His ''Mammotrectus super Bibliam'', written at Reggio Emilia probably towards the end of the 13th century, was an etymological analysis of the Vulgate, the Latin Bible. There were at that time many priests who were barely literate, and Marchesinus declared himself to be "impatient with his own lack of skill, and compassionate towards the rudeness of poor clerics promoted to the office of preaching". In view of that, he wrote to "edify their understanding with etymology". In his ''Confessionale'', compiled around 1300 and called a "little work", the first thing Marchesi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bible
The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a variety of forms originally written in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Koine Greek. These texts include instructions, stories, poetry, and prophecies, among other genres. The collection of materials that are accepted as part of the Bible by a particular religious tradition or community is called a biblical canon. Believers in the Bible generally consider it to be a product of divine inspiration, but the way they understand what that means and interpret the text can vary. The religious texts were compiled by different religious communities into various official collections. The earliest contained the first five books of the Bible. It is called the Torah in Hebrew and the Pentateuch (meaning ''five books'') in Greek; the second oldest part was a coll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franciscan
The Franciscans are a group of related Mendicant orders, mendicant Christianity, Christian Catholic religious order, religious orders within the Catholic Church. Founded in 1209 by Italian Catholic friar Francis of Assisi, these orders include three independent orders for men (the Order of Friars Minor being the largest contemporary male order), orders for women religious such as the Order of Saint Clare, and the Third Order of Saint Francis open to male and female members. They adhere to the teachings and spiritual disciplines of the founder and of his main associates and followers, such as Clare of Assisi, Anthony of Padua, and Elizabeth of Hungary. Several smaller Franciscan spirituality in Protestantism, Protestant Franciscan orders exist as well, notably in the Anglican and Lutheran traditions (e.g. the Community of Francis and Clare). Francis began preaching around 1207 and traveled to Rome to seek approval from Pope Innocent III in 1209 to form a new religious order. The o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the Roman Republic it became the dominant language in the Italian region and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire. Even after the fall of Western Rome, Latin remained the common language of international communication, science, scholarship and academia in Europe until well into the 18th century, when other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the Romance languages) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a dead language in the modern linguistic definition. Latin is a highly inflected language, with three distinct genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter), six or seven noun cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, ablative, and vocative), five declensions, four verb conjuga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reggio Emilia
Reggio nell'Emilia ( egl, Rèz; la, Regium Lepidi), usually referred to as Reggio Emilia, or simply Reggio by its inhabitants, and known until 1861 as Reggio di Lombardia, is a city in northern Italy, in the Emilia-Romagna region. It has about 171,944 inhabitants and is the main ''comune'' (municipality) of the Province of Reggio Emilia. The inhabitants of Reggio nell'Emilia are called ''Reggiani'', while the inhabitants of Reggio di Calabria, in the southwest of the country, are called ''Reggini''. The old town has a hexagonal form, which derives from the ancient walls, and the main buildings are from the 16th–17th centuries. The commune's territory lies entirely on a plain, crossed by the Crostolo stream. History Ancient and early Middle Ages Reggio began as a historical site with the construction by Marcus Aemilius Lepidus of the Via Aemilia, leading from Piacenza to Rimini (187 BC). Reggio became a judicial administration centre, with a forum called at first ''Regiu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modena
Modena (, , ; egl, label=Emilian language#Dialects, Modenese, Mòdna ; ett, Mutna; la, Mutina) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy. A town, and seat of an archbishop, it is known for its car industry since the factories of the famous Italian upper-class sports car makers Ferrari, De Tomaso, Lamborghini, Pagani (automobile), Pagani and Maserati are, or were, located here and all, except Lamborghini, have headquarters in the city or nearby. One of Ferrari's cars, the Ferrari 360, 360 Modena, was named after the town itself. Ferrari's production plant and Formula One team Scuderia Ferrari are based in Maranello south of the city. The University of Modena, founded in 1175 and expanded by Francesco II d'Este in 1686, focuses on economics, medicine and law, and is the second oldest :wikt:athenaeum, athenaeum in Italy. Italian military officers are trained at the Milit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expositiones Vocabulorum Biblie
The Expositiones Vocabulorum Biblie (Exposition of Bible Words) is a hand-written, parchment book in Latin written (or inspired) by the 12th century clergyman William Brito (Guillaume le Breton). It is, in essence, a dictionary. It gives explanations, derivations and etymologies of words, some from Greek or Hebrew, for the most difficult words in the Vulgate Bible. Entries are arranged in alphabetical order, demonstrating William's wide knowledge, many drawn from a range of classical, patristic and medieval writers. It is one of the very few documents to survive King Henry VIII's Dissolution of the Monasteries in the 1530s. There is at least one known copy, now owned by the National Trust in Britain and as of April 2013 is on display at Lacock Abbey, Wiltshire. National Trust copy The National Trust book is bound (or re-bound) in wooden front and back panels, with leather bindings. It shows signs that it would have originally been chained (for security and safety) in an alcove f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Brito
William Brito (or William the BretonMiller ''Abbey and Bishopric of Ely'' pp. 168–169) was a medieval clergyman in England during the 12th century. Brito was a royal chaplainBrett ''The English Church Under Henry I'' p. 109 and was appointed Archdeacon of Ely by 1110. He was a nephew of Hervey le Breton, the Bishop of Ely. He is last mentioned as archdeacon in 1144 or 1145, but was probably suspended from office on 22 December 1150 and was removed from his archdeaconry by 1152.Greenway Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: volume 2: Monastic cathedrals (northern and southern provinces): Archdeacons of Ely' He was the father of a son named Henry, who became a member of the clergy.Keats-Rohan ''Domesday Descendants'' p. 143 Brito was given a manor at Pampisford, Cambridgeshire by his uncle, a gift that was confirmed by King Henry I of England in 1127. Also confirmed was the grant of Little Thetford to Brito.Miller ''Abbey and Bishopric of Ely'' p. 280 Pampisford was part of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecumenical Council
An ecumenical council, also called general council, is a meeting of bishops and other church authorities to consider and rule on questions of Christian doctrine, administration, discipline, and other matters in which those entitled to vote are convoked from the whole world (oikoumene) and which secures the approbation of the whole Church. The word " ecumenical" derives from the Late Latin ''oecumenicus'' "general, universal", from Greek ''oikoumenikos'' "from the whole world", from ''he oikoumene ge'' "the inhabited world" (as known to the ancient Greeks); the Greeks and their neighbors, considered as developed human society (as opposed to barbarian lands); in later use "the Roman world" and in the Christian sense in ecclesiastical Greek, from ''oikoumenos'', present passive participle of ''oikein'' ("inhabit"), from ''oikos'' ("house, habitation"). The first seven ecumenical councils, recognised by both the eastern and western denominations comprising Chalcedonian Christianit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Schöffer
Peter Schöffer or Petrus Schoeffer (c. 1425 – c. 1503) was an early German printer, who studied in Paris and worked as a manuscript copyist in 1451 before apprenticing with Johannes Gutenberg and joining Johann Fust, a goldsmith, lawyer, and money lender. Among his best-known works are the 1457 '' Mainz Psalter'', the ''1462 Bible'' or ''Biblia pulcra'', and the 1484 ''Herbarius latinus''. Life and works Schöffer was born in Gernsheim. Working for Fust, Schöffer was the principal workman of Johannes Gutenberg, inventor of modern typography, whose 42-Line Bible was completed in 1455. In 1455 he testified for Johann Fust against Gutenberg. By 1457 he and Fust had formed the firm ''Fust and Schöffer'', after the foreclosure of the mortgage on Gutenberg's printing workshop. Famous works include the ''Psalter'' of 1457, the ''1462 Bible'' (the fourth printed Bible, also known as the ''Biblia pulcra'' eautiful Bible Cicero's ''De officiis'' (1465), and ''Herbarius – Rogatu p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Desiderius Erasmus
Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus (; ; English: Erasmus of Rotterdam or Erasmus;''Erasmus'' was his baptismal name, given after St. Erasmus of Formiae. ''Desiderius'' was an adopted additional name, which he used from 1496. The ''Roterodamus'' was a scholarly name meaning "from Rotterdam", though the Latin genitive would be . 28 October 1466 – 12 July 1536) was a Dutch philosopher and Catholic theologian who is considered one of the greatest scholars of the northern Renaissance.Gleason, John B. "The Birth Dates of John Colet and Erasmus of Rotterdam: Fresh Documentary Evidence", Renaissance Quarterly, The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Renaissance Society of America, Vol. 32, No. 1 (Spring, 1979), pp. 73–76www.jstor.org/ref> As a Catholic priest, he was an important figure in classical scholarship who wrote in a pure Latin style. Among humanists he was given the sobriquet "Prince of the Humanists", and has been called "the crowning glory of the Christian humanists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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