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Mamenchisauridae
Mamenchisauridae is a family of sauropod dinosaurs belonging to Eusauropoda known from the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous of Asia and Africa. Some members of the group reached gigantic sizes, amongst the largest of all sauropods. Classification The family Mamenchisauridae was first erected by Chinese paleontologists Yang Zhongjian ("C.C. Young") and Zhao Xijin in 1972, in a paper describing '' Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis''.Young, C.C. and Zhao, X. (1972). "''Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis sp. nov.''". ''Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Palaeoanthropology Monographs'' Series A 8: 1-30. The most complete cladogram of Mamenchisauridae is presented by Moore ''et al.'', 2020, which includes several named species. Notably, some iterations of their analysis recover ''Euhelopus'' and kin, usually considered somphospondylians, as relatives of mamenchisaurids, mirroring earlier conceptions about the family. Topology A: Implied-weights analysis, Gonzàlez Riga dataset Topology B: Ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamenchisaurus Sinocanadorum
''Mamenchisaurus'' (or spelling pronunciation ) is a genus of sauropod dinosaur known for their remarkably long necks which made up nearly half the total body length. Numerous species have been assigned to the genus; however, many of these might be questionable. Fossils have been found in the Sichuan Basin and Yunnan Province in China. Several species are from the Upper Shaximiao Formation whose geologic age is uncertain. However, evidence suggests that this be no earlier than the Oxfordian stage of the Late Jurassic. ''M. sinocanadorum'' dates to the Oxfordian stage (158.7 to 161.2 mya) and ''M. anyuensis'' to the Aptian stage of the Early Cretaceous around 114.4 mya. Most species were medium- to large-size sauropods in length.Russell, D.A., Zheng, Z. (1993). "A large mamenchisaurid from the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, People Republic of China." ''Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences'', (30): 2082-2095. Two as-yet-undescribed cervical vertebrae, which might belong to ''M. sinocanador ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Klamelisaurus
''Klamelisaurus'' (meaning " Kelameili Mountains lizard") is a genus of herbivorous sauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic Shishugou Formation of China. The type species is ''Klamelisaurus gobiensis'', which was named by Zhao Xijin in 1993, based on a partial skeleton discovered in 1982 near the abandoned town of Jiangjunmiao. Zhao described ''Klamelisaurus'' as the only member of a new subfamily, Klamelisaurinae, among the now-defunct primitive sauropod order Bothrosauropodoidea. Since Zhao's description, ''Klamelisaurus'' received limited attention from researchers until Andrew Moore and colleagues redescribed it in 2020. A relatively large sauropod measuring approximately long, with half of the length being its neck, ''Klamelisaurus'' can be distinguished from its relatives by characteristics of the and . Phylogenetic analyses have suggested that ''Klamelisaurus'' belonged to the Mamenchisauridae, a group of Middle to Late Jurassic and primarily Chinese sauropods, alt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamenchisaurus
''Mamenchisaurus'' (or spelling pronunciation ) is a genus of sauropod dinosaur known for their remarkably long necks which made up nearly half the total body length. Numerous species have been assigned to the genus; however, many of these might be questionable. Fossils have been found in the Sichuan Basin and Yunnan Province in China. Several species are from the Upper Shaximiao Formation whose geologic age is uncertain. However, evidence suggests that this be no earlier than the Oxfordian stage of the Late Jurassic. ''M. sinocanadorum'' dates to the Oxfordian stage (158.7 to 161.2 mya) and ''M. anyuensis'' to the Aptian stage of the Early Cretaceous around 114.4 mya. Most species were medium- to large-size sauropods in length.Russell, D.A., Zheng, Z. (1993). "A large mamenchisaurid from the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, People Republic of China." ''Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences'', (30): 2082-2095. Two as-yet-undescribed cervical vertebrae, which might belong to ''M. sinocanado ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eusauropoda
Eusauropoda (meaning "true sauropods") is a derived clade of sauropod dinosaurs. Eusauropods represent the node-based group that includes all descendant sauropods starting with the basal eusauropods of ''Shunosaurus'', and possibly ''Barapasaurus'', and ''Amygdalodon'', but excluding ''Vulcanodon'' and ''Rhoetosaurus''. The Eusauropoda was coined in 1995 by Paul Upchurch to create a monophyletic new taxonomic group that would include all sauropods, except for the vulcanodontids. Eusauropoda are herbivorous, quadrupedal, and have long necks. They have been found in South America, Europe, North America, Asia, Australia, and Africa. The temporal range of Eusauropoda ranges from the early Jurassic to the Latest Cretaceous periods. The most basal forms of eusauropods are not well known and because the cranial material for the ''Vulcanodon'' is not available, and the distribution of some of these shared derived traits that distinguish Eusauropoda is still completely clear. Descriptio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Analong
''Analong'' (meaning "Ana dragon") is a genus of mamenchisaurid sauropod dinosaur from the Chuanjie Formation in Yunnan, China. The type and only species is ''Analong chuanjieensis''. Discovery and naming The holotype, LFGT LCD 9701–1, found in 1995, was in 2011 assigned to the contemporary genus ''Chuanjiesaurus''. However, in 2020, Ren ''et al.'' noted several differences between it and the holotype of ''Chuanjiesaurus'', and so assigned it to a new taxon, ''Analong chuanjieensis''. The binomial name means "Ana dragon from Chuanjie", where Ana is the village in Yunnan Province where the holotype was found. Classification In a phylogenetic analysis, ''Analong'' was found by its describers to be the earliest diverging mamenchisaurid. Their resulting phylogenetic tree of Mamenchisauridae Mamenchisauridae is a family of sauropod dinosaurs belonging to Eusauropoda known from the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous of Asia and Africa. Some members of the group reached gigantic sizes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hudiesaurus
''Hudiesaurus'' (meaning "butterfly lizard") is a herbivorous sauropod genus of dinosaur from China. Its fossil remains were found in 1993 by a Chinese-Japanese expedition near Qiketai in Shanshan, Xinjiang province. The genus contains a single species, ''Hudiesaurus sinojapanorum'', was named and described by Dong Zhiming in 1997. The generic name is derived from Mandarin ''hudie'', meaning "butterfly," and refers to a flat butterfly-shaped process on the front base of the vertebral spine. The specific name refers to the members of the Sino-Japan Silk Road Dinosaur Expedition but can also be read as "central part" in Chinese, a pun on the Japanese ''Chunichi Shinbun'' (again "central part") press group, which financed the research.Dong, Z. (1997). "A gigantic sauropod (''Hudiesaurus sinojapanorum'' gen. et sp. nov.) from the Turpan Basin, China." Pp. 102-110 in Dong, Z. (ed.), ''Sino-Japanese Silk Road Dinosaur Expedition''. China Ocean Press, Beijing. Discovery ''Hudiesauru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omeisaurus
''Omeisaurus'' (meaning "Omei lizard") is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic Period (Bathonian-Callovian stage) of what is now China. Its name comes from Mount Emei, where it was discovered in the lower Shaximiao Formation of Sichuan Province. Like most sauropods, ''Omeisaurus'' was herbivorous and large. The largest species, ''O. tianfuensis'', measured long, and weighed . Other species were much smaller, as the type species ''O. junghsiensis'' reached a size of in length and in body mass, and ''O. maoianus'' reached a size of and . Discovery and species Initial discovery and ''O. changshouensis'' The initial discovery of ''Omeisaurus'' was in 1936 when Charles Lewis Camp and Yang Zhongjian collected a partial skeleton from strata of the Shaximiao Formation in Szechuan, China.Young, C. C. (1939)On a new Sauropoda, with notes on other fragmentary reptiles from Szechuan ''Bulletin of the Geological Society of China'', ''19''(3), 279-315.Dong, Z. (1983)T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tonganosaurus
''Tonganosaurus'' (named for the town of Tong'an, Sichuan where it was found) is a genus of mamenchisaurid sauropod dinosaur, similar to ''Omeisaurus''. It is known from one specimen consisting of twenty vertebrae, a front limb and pectoral girdle, and a complete hind limb with partial hip. It was discovered in the Yimen Formation, China. The horizon of the specimen and the age of the Yimen Formation is controversial. The formation has been divided into three levels, and ''Tonganosaurus'' appears to be of late Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian) age. ''Tonganosaurus'' is the oldest known member of the mamenchisaurids, being almost 15 million years older than the next-oldest members of the group. It was first named by Li Kui, Yang Chun-Yan, Liu Jian and Wang Zheng-Xin in 2010 and the type species is ''Tonganosaurus hei''. Description The ratio of the front and rear limbs is 0.80. The tibia was straight and thick, with a length 75% that of the femur. The holotype is an incomplete ske ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omeisaurus Junghsiensis
''Omeisaurus'' (meaning "Omei lizard") is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic Period (geology), Period (Bathonian-Callovian stage) of what is now China. Its name comes from Mount Emei, where it was discovered in the lower Shaximiao Formation of Sichuan Province. Like most sauropods, ''Omeisaurus'' was herbivorous and large. The largest species, ''O. tianfuensis'', measured long, and weighed . Other species were much smaller, as the type species ''O. junghsiensis'' reached a size of in length and in body mass, and ''O. maoianus'' reached a size of and . Discovery and species Initial discovery and ''O. changshouensis'' The initial discovery of ''Omeisaurus'' was in 1936 when Charles Lewis Camp and Yang Zhongjian collected a partial skeleton from strata of the Shaximiao Formation in Sichuan, Szechuan, China.Young, C. C. (1939)On a new Sauropoda, with notes on other fragmentary reptiles from Szechuan ''Bulletin of the Geological Society of China'', ''19''(3) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wamweracaudia Keranjei
''Wamweracaudia'' is a large herbivorous sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Tendaguru Formation of Tanzania, Africa, 155-145 million years ago. Discovery and naming During the German expeditions to the Tendaguru in German East Africa between 1909 and 1912, paleontologist Werner Janensch supervised the excavation of a sauropod tail at "Site G". In 1929, he referred this tail to ''Gigantosaurus robustus''.Janensch, W. 1929. "Material und Formengehalt in der Ausbeute der Tendaguru-Expedition", ''Palaeontographica'', Supplement 7, 1. Reihe, Teil 2: 1-34 In 1991, ''G. robustus'' was made the separate genus ''Janenschia''.Wild, R. 1991. "''Janenschia'' n. g. ''robusta'' (E. Fraas 1908) pro ''Tornieria robusta'' (E. Fraas 1908) (Reptilia, Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha). ''Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie)'' 173: 1–4 Janensch had referred the tail based on personal observation of a series of finds of comparable material. During the Second W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuanmousaurus
''Yuanmousaurus'' ("Yuanmou lizard") was a sauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic period of China. It is known from incomplete remains, recovered in 2000 from the Zhanghe Formation in Yuanmou County in Yunnan Province. ''Yuanmousaurus'' was a relatively large sauropod and may have reached about 17 meters (56 ft) in length. It was a basal member of the Sauropoda, but its exact systematic position is unclear. A recent study placed ''Yuanmousaurus'' within the family Mamenchisauridae. The only and type species was ''Yuanmousaurus jiangyiensis''. Description ''Yuanmousaurus'' was estimated to be approximately 17 meters (56 ft) in length. The skull is missing, while the neck is known only from a fragment of a posterior cervical vertebra. This fragment indicates elongated neck vertebrae, similar to those of mamenchisaurid sauropods, but unlike the much shorter neck vertebrae of the more basal ''Shunosaurus''. From the trunk and tail, nine dorsal, three sacral a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhomaleopakhus
''Rhomaleopakhus'' (meaning "strong forearm") is a genus of mamenchisaurid sauropod, dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Kalaza Formation of China. The type and only species is ''Rhomaleopakhus turpanensis''. History The holotype IVPP-V11121-1, was found by a Chinese-Japanese ''Chunichi Shinibun'' expedition near Qiketai in Shanshan, Xinjiang province in 1993, along with the holotype of ''Hudiesaurus'',Dong, Z. (1997). "A gigantic sauropod (''Hudiesaurus sinojapanorum'' gen. et sp. nov.) from the Turpan Basin, China." Pp. 102-110 in Dong, Z. (ed.), ''Sino-Japanese Silk Road Dinosaur Expedition''. China Ocean Press, Beijing. and is a partially complete forelimb consisting of a humerus, ulna, radius, one carpal, and a partially complete manus that was originally assigned to the coeval mamenchisaurid ''Hudiesaurus''. Paul Upchurch in 2004 rejected the identity because of a lack of overlapping material.Upchurch, P.; Barrett, P.M.; Dodson, P.; 2004 "Sauropoda". In: Weishampel, D.B. and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
