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Madame Eloffe
Adélaïde Henriette Damoville (''Madame Eloffe''; 1759–1805) was a French fashion merchant or ''Marchandes de modes''. She was a favorite milliner of Queen Marie Antoinette. She was the niece of Mme Pompey and succeeded her in the privilege of selling the trimmings and accessories to the women of the royal court. She provided dresses for the ladies-in-waiting in the court of Versailles, and Marie Antoinette was a regular costumer. Eloffe was described as a successful rival to Rose Bertin. She was known to advertise her business to the queen by having a portrait of her in the window of her shop. Her accounts books testify that it was common for noblewomen to order remakes of dresses rather than to order completely new ones, but that the remakes were often more expensive than new ones. The queen often ordered remakes and redecorations of old dresses from her. In 1785, the queen owed Eloffe a sum of 25.000 livres, in comparison to the 90.000 livres she owed Rose Bertin. After the ou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marchandes De Modes
Marchande de modes was a French Guild organisation for women fashion merchants or milliners, normally meaning ornaments for headdresses, hats and dresses, within the city of Paris, active from August 1776 until 1791. It played a dominating role within the commercial life and fashion industry of France during the last decades prior to the French Revolution. Amongst its members where Rose Bertin, Mademoiselle Alexandre and Madame Eloffe. See also * Maîtresses marchandes lingères * Maîtresses couturières Maîtresses couturières was a French guild organisation for seamstresses within the city of Paris, active from 30 March 1675 until 1791. It was one of only three guilds open to women in Paris prior to 1776, the other two being the '' Maitresses bou ... References * James-Sarazin, Ariane et Lapasin, Régis, Gazette des atours de Marie-Antoinette, Paris, Réunion des Musées Nationaux - Archives nationales, 2006 {{Expand French, date=January 2018, Marchande de modes Guilds in F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milliner
Hat-making or millinery is the design, manufacture and sale of hats and other headwear. A person engaged in this trade is called a milliner or hatter. Historically, milliners, typically women shopkeepers, produced or imported an inventory of garments for men, women, and children and sold these garments in their millinery shop. Many milliners worked as both milliner and fashion designer, such as Rose Bertin, Jeanne Lanvin, and Coco Chanel. The millinery industry benefited from industrialization during the nineteenth century. In 1889 in London and Paris, over 8,000 women were employed in millinery, and in 1900 in New York, some 83,000 people, mostly women, were employed in millinery. Though the improvements in technology provided benefits to milliners and the whole industry, essential skills, craftsmanship, and creativity are still required. Since the mass-manufacturing of hats began, the term milliner is usually used to describe a person who applies traditional hand-craftsmanshi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie Antoinette
Marie Antoinette Josèphe Jeanne (; ; née Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna; 2 November 1755 – 16 October 1793) was the last queen of France before the French Revolution. She was born an archduchess of Austria, and was the penultimate child and youngest daughter of Empress Maria Theresa and Emperor Francis I. She became dauphine of France in May 1770 at age 14 upon her marriage to Louis-Auguste, heir apparent to the French throne. On 10 May 1774, her husband ascended the throne as Louis XVI and she became queen. Marie Antoinette's position at court improved when, after eight years of marriage, she started having children. She became increasingly unpopular among the people, however, with the French ''libelles'' accusing her of being profligate, promiscuous, allegedly having illegitimate children, and harboring sympathies for France's perceived enemies—particularly her native Austria. The false accusations of the Affair of the Diamond Necklace damaged her reputation further ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Versailles
The Palace of Versailles ( ; french: Château de Versailles ) is a former royal residence built by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, about west of Paris, France. The palace is owned by the French Republic and since 1995 has been managed, under the direction of the French Ministry of Culture, by the Public Establishment of the Palace, Museum and National Estate of Versailles. Some 15,000,000 people visit the palace, park, or gardens of Versailles every year, making it one of the most popular tourist attractions in the world. Louis XIII built a simple hunting lodge on the site of the Palace of Versailles in 1623 and replaced it with a small château in 1631–34. Louis XIV expanded the château into a palace in several phases from 1661 to 1715. It was a favorite residence for both kings, and in 1682, Louis XIV moved the seat of his court and government to Versailles, making the palace the ''de facto'' capital of France. This state of affairs was continued by Kings Louis XV an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Revolution
The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are considered fundamental principles of liberal democracy, while phrases like ''liberté, égalité, fraternité'' reappeared in other revolts, such as the 1917 Russian Revolution, and inspired campaigns for the abolition of slavery and universal suffrage. The values and institutions it created dominate French politics to this day. Its causes are generally agreed to be a combination of social, political and economic factors, which the ''Ancien Régime'' proved unable to manage. In May 1789, widespread social distress led to the convocation of the Estates General, which was converted into a National Assembly in June. Continuing unrest culminated in the Storming of the Bastille on 14 July, which led to a series of radical measures by the Assembly, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rose Bertin
Marie-Jeanne Rose Bertin (2 July 1747, Abbeville, Picardy, France – 22 September 1813, Épinay-sur-Seine) was a French milliner ('' Marchande de modes''), known as the dressmaker to Queen Marie Antoinette. She was the first celebrated French fashion designer and is widely credited with having brought fashion and ''haute couture'' to the forefront of popular culture. Biography Rose Bertin was the daughter of Nicolas Bertin (d. 1754) and Marie-Marguerite Méquignon, and spent her childhood in St Gilles in Picardie. She came from a family of small means; her mother worked as a sick nurse, which at the time was a profession with very low salary and status, and the financial situation became even worse after the death of her father.Langlade, Émile. Rose Bertin: Creator of Fashion at the Court of Marie Antoinette (London: John Long, 1913). She and her brother Jean-Laurent received a modest education, but had a high level of ambition. Early career At the age of sixteen, Rose Berti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Le Sieur Beaulard
Jean Joseph Beaulard, known as ''Le Sieur Beaulard'' (''d. after'' 1775), was a French fashion merchant and fashion designer. He was one of the four top fashion merchants alongside Rose Bertin, Madame Eloffe and Mademoiselle Alexandre during the reign of Louis XVI, and are described as the rival and predecessor of Rose Bertin as the leading fashion designer in France. He was particularly known for his inventions within hats and headdresses. He had clients within the royal court and aristocracy, and was internationally famous at the time. His most known clients were queen Marie Antoinette and Louis XV's mistress, Madame du Barry. See also * Léonard Autié * Marie Madeleine Duchapt Marie Madeleine Duchapt, also known as only La Duchapt (d. ''after'' 1761), was a famous French fashion merchant (''Marchandes de modes''). Active from the 1730s to 1760s, she succeeded Françoise Leclerc as the most fashionable fashion merchant ... References {{reflist * Caroline Weber, Queen of F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mademoiselle Alexandre
Mademoiselle Alexandre (d. ''after'' 1779), was a French fashion merchant (''Marchandes de modes''). Mademoiselle Alexandre came from a family of dressmakers. In 1740, she opened a fashion shop at the Rue de la Monnaie in Paris. She foremost sold accessories and trimmings, which was, at the time, the most important items within fashion, as the models of dresses where always the same in the period of 1740–1770 and fashion trends were expressed by accessories and trimmings. She had a successful career and reportedly supplied fashion products to the aristocracy for forty years. She eventually supplanted Marie Madeleine Duchapt, known as "La Duchapt", who had been the leading fashion merchant in the 1730s- and 1750s. During the last years of Louis XV, Alexandre was described as the top fashion merchant in Paris alongside Le sieur Beaulard, and Sébastien Mercier in ''Tableau de Paris'' described her and Beulard and the two rulers of fashion. Her fame gave her international clients, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis XVI Of France
Louis XVI (''Louis-Auguste''; ; 23 August 175421 January 1793) was the last King of France before the fall of the monarchy during the French Revolution. He was referred to as ''Citizen Louis Capet'' during the four months just before he was executed by guillotine. He was the son of Louis, Dauphin of France, son and heir-apparent of King Louis XV, and Maria Josepha of Saxony. When his father died in 1765, he became the new Dauphin. Upon his grandfather's death on 10 May 1774, he became King of France and Navarre, reigning as such until 4 September 1791, when he received the title of King of the French, continuing to reign as such until the monarchy was abolished on 21 September 1792. The first part of his reign was marked by attempts to reform the French government in accordance with Enlightenment ideas. These included efforts to abolish serfdom, remove the ''taille'' (land tax) and the ''corvée'' (labour tax), and increase tolerance toward non-Catholics as well as abolis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caroline Weber (author)
Caroline Elizabeth Weber (born 1969) is an American author and fashion historian. She is a professor of French and Comparative Literature at Barnard College within Columbia University. Her book ''Proust's Duchess'' was a finalist for the 2019 Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography. Early life and education Weber was born in 1969. She received her Bachelor of Arts degree in literature ( summa cum laude) from Harvard University and her PhD in French literature from Yale University. Career After earning her PhD, Weber joined the faculty at the University of Pennsylvania as an Assistant Professor of Romance Languages. While at the University of Pennsylvania, she authored ''Terror and its Discontents: Suspect Words and the French Revolution'' and co-edited ''Fragments of Revolution'' with Howard G. Lay. After seven years at the University of Pennsylvania, Weber joined the faculty at Columbia University as a professor of French and Comparative Literature. While there, her bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Fashion Designers
This is a list of notable fashion designers sorted by nationality. It includes designers of ''haute couture'' and ready-to-wear. For ''haute couture'' only, see the list of grands couturiers. For footwear designers, see the list of footwear designers. Argentina * Sofia Achaval de Montaigu * Delia Cancela * Alan Faena * Franc Fernandez * Gustavo Cadile * Jazmín Chebar * Paco Jamandreu * Dalila Puzzovio * Elsa Serrano * Vanessa Seward * Aitor Throup * Pilar Zeta Armenia * Emin Bolbolian * Kevork Shadoyan Australia * Prue Acton * Peter Alexander * Yeojin Bae * Jenny Bannister * Nadia Bartel * Zara Bate * Lucas Bowers * Leigh Bowery * Linda Britten * Ray Brown * Sarah-Jane Clarke * Claudia Chan Shaw * Flora Cheong-Leen * Susien Chong * Christopher Chronis * Lorna Jane Clarkson * Kay Cohen * Wayne Cooper * Keri Craig-Lee * John Crittle * Liz Davenport * Rachel Dean * Collette Dinnigan * Leona Edmiston * Pip Edwards * Christopher Essex * Enid Gil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Milliners
French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with France ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Fortnite French places Arts and media * The French (band), a British rock band * "French" (episode), a live-action episode of ''The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!'' * ''Française'' (film), 2008 * French Stewart (born 1964), American actor Other uses * French (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) * French (tunic), a particular type of military jacket or tunic used in the Russian Empire and Soviet Union * French's, an American brand of mustard condiment * French catheter scale, a unit of measurement of diameter * French Defence, a chess opening * French kiss, a type of kiss involving the tongue See also * France (other) * Franch, a surname * French ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
