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MR-73
The MR-73 (''M''atériel ''r''oulant conçu en 19''73'') is the second generation of rubber-tired rolling stock used on the Montreal Metro. Since the retirement of the first generation MR-63s, the MR-73 trains are in use on three of Montreal's four Metro lines. Description In the early 1970s, the Commission de transport de la Communauté urbaine de Montréal (CTCUM), the predecessor of the STM, identified a need for more rolling stock to serve the crowds expected for the 1976 Summer Olympics and for future network expansions. Although the design of what was to later become the MR-73 was completed in 1973, it was only in 1974 that the CTCUM formally awarded the MR-73 contract to the fledgling Bombardier Transportation. The 423 MR-73 cars were manufactured at Bombardier's La Pocatière plant between 1974 and 1980 and the first units entered service in 1976. The MR-73's original interior featured orange-and-white seats arranged so that in each third of the train, there were two ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montreal Metro
The Montreal Metro (french: Métro de Montréal) is a rubber-tired underground rapid transit system serving Greater Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The metro, operated by the Société de transport de Montréal (STM), was inaugurated on October 14, 1966, during the tenure of Mayor Jean Drapeau. It has expanded since its opening from 22 stations on two lines to 68 stations on four lines totalling in length, serving the north, east and centre of the Island of Montreal with connections to Longueuil, via the Yellow Line, and Laval, via the Orange Line. The Montreal Metro is Canada's second busiest rapid transit system and North America's fourth busiest rapid transit system, behind the New York City Subway, the Mexico City Metro and the Toronto subway, delivering an average of daily unlinked passenger trips per weekday as of . In , trips on the Metro were completed. According to the STM, the Metro system had transported over 7 billion passengers as of 2010. With the Metro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blue Line (Montreal Metro)
The Blue Line (french: Ligne bleue) is one of the four lines of the Montreal Metro in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It was the fourth to be built, notwithstanding its alternate official name of "Line 5" ( Line 3 was planned, but never built). Unlike the other three routes, the Blue Line does not serve the city's main Metro junction at Berri-UQAM. The line is served by a single yard located between Parc and de Castelnau stations which is completely underground and occupies a small portion underneath Jarry Park. Another service facility is located at the 500-metre end tracks following Snowdon station, but is rarely used by the Société de transport de Montréal (STM). History Construction of Snowdon station began in 1975, with two platform levels. In 1979, the provincial government decided to build the Blue Line. On 16 June 1986 the first section opened, between Saint-Michel to De Castelnau. That was followed by the section from De Castelnau to Parc on 15 June 1987 and Parc to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orange Line (Montreal Metro)
The Orange Line (french: Ligne orange) is the longest and first-planned of the four subway lines of the Montreal Metro in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It formed part of the initial network, and was extended from 1980 to 1986. On April 28, 2007, three new stations in Laval opened making it the second line to leave Montreal Island. The Orange Line measures in length and counts 31 stations. It is the longest subway line in Montreal and the second-longest in Canada after the Line 1 Yonge–University of the Toronto subway. Like the rest of the Metro network, it is entirely underground. The line runs in a U-shape from Côte-Vertu in western Montreal to Montmorency in Laval, northwest of Montreal. History The line was planned to run between Crémazie and Place-d'Armes. Work on the Orange Line began on May 23, 1962 on Berri Street just south of Jarry Street. In November 1962, the city of Montreal learned that it had been awarded the 1967 International and Universal Exposition ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Green Line (Montreal Metro)
The Green Line (french: Ligne verte), also known as Line 1, is one of the four lines of the Montreal Metro in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The line runs through the commercial section of downtown Montreal underneath Boulevard de Maisonneuve, formerly Rue de Montigny. It runs mainly on a northeast to southwest axis with a connection to the Orange and Yellow Lines at Berri-UQAM, and with the Orange Line west of downtown at Lionel-Groulx. The section between Atwater and Frontenac was part of the initial network; the line was extended to Honoré-Beaugrand in 1976 to provide easy access to 1976 Summer Olympics sites. It was extended to Angrignon in 1978. All but three stations — De L'Église, Lionel-Groulx, and Charlevoix — are side platform stations. History The first stations, found on the section between Atwater and Papineau, opened on October 14, 1966. Several smaller sections were delayed by several months. On December 19, 1966, the line was further extended from Papi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MPM-10
The MPM-10 (Montréal Pneumatic Material 2010), commonly known as the Azur, is the third and newest generation of rubber-tired rolling stock used on the Montreal Metro in Canada, built by a consortium of Bombardier Transportation and Alstom. The first MPM-10 train entered into service on the Orange Line on February 2016, replacing the entire first-generation MR-63 fleet. 71 nine-car trains have been built, and are currently in service on the Orange and Green Lines. History By the mid 2000s, the original MR-63 Montreal Metro trains were around 40 years old, and maintenance costs were increasing. Société de transport de Montréal (STM) indicated that these trains would be replaced by modern rolling stock in the coming decade. In May 2006, the Government of Quebec announced the negotiation of a $1.2 billion contract with Bombardier Transportation to replace the MR-63 fleet of 336 cars, then designated as MR-08. Trains were planned to enter service in the early 2010s. Alstom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MR-63
The MR-63 (''M''atériel ''r''oulant 19''63'') was the first generation of rubber-tyred rolling stock of the Montreal Metro in the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Based on the MP 59 of the Paris Métro in France, the trains were in use on three of Montreal's four Metro lines from 1966 until 2018. Design and improvements In 1963, the Commission de transport de Montréal (CTM) awarded the MR-63 contract to Canadian Vickers over Montreal Locomotive Works (MLW), as Canadian Vickers had the support of the French company CIMT-Lorraine which helped to design the rubber-tired system used on some of the Paris Métro lines. Between 1965 and 1967, 369 MR-63 coaches were built at the Canadian Vickers shipyards in the Viauville neighbourhood of the Mercier–Hochelaga-Maisonneuve borough of Montreal, designed by Morley L. Smith for Guillon Designers Inc., founded by Jacques Guillon. The first trains were introduced into service on October 14, 1966, on the opening of the Montreal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yellow Line (Montreal Metro)
The Yellow Line (french: Ligne jaune), formerly also known as Line 4 (french: Ligne 4), is one of the Montreal Metro's four routes operating in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The line was popular when it opened for service because it connected Downtown Montreal with the Expo 67 exhibition and La Ronde on Île-Sainte-Hélène. The line has three stations and travels under the St. Lawrence River between the Island of Montreal and the city of Longueuil. The line was part of the initial network of the Metro and was numbered in conjunction with Line 3, which was later cancelled. It is also the first Metro line to leave the island. All three stations on the line have been renamed since their opening. History In November 1961, Montreal City Council decided to build the Metro network. The Yellow Line was not part of the original plans. A year later, however, Montreal's bid to host the 1967 World's Fair (Expo 67) was accepted. Construction of the Red Line (line 3) was cancelled; instead, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Pocatière
La Pocatière is a town in the Kamouraska Regional County Municipality in the Bas-Saint-Laurent region of Quebec, Canada. Demographics In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, La Pocatière had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021. Economy Alstom has a plant which manufactures subway and railway cars: * R62A (New York City Subway car) * Montreal Metro MR-73 and MPM-10 * Boston Red Line (MBTA) 1800-85 series cars * MultiLevel Coach cars * VIA Rail LRC (train) set * shell for Toronto Transit Commission subway cars (T1 and TR) and streetcars (Flexity Outlook) The plant was built in 1961 to build Moto-Ski snowmobiles and the plant was converted to railcars in 1971http://www.bombardier.com/content/dam/Websites/bombardiercom/Sites/supporting-documents/Bombardier-Transportation-SiteFactSheet-LaPocatiere-Canada-en.pdf (Bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubber-tyred Metro
A rubber-tyred metro or rubber-tired metro is a form of rapid transit system that uses a mix of road and rail technology. The vehicles have wheels with rubber tires that run on rolling pads inside guide bars for traction, as well as traditional railway steel wheels with deep flanges on steel tracks for guidance through conventional switches as well as guidance in case a tyre fails. Most rubber-tyred trains are purpose-built and designed for the system on which they operate. Guided buses are sometimes referred to as 'trams on tyres', and compared to rubber-tyred metros. History The first idea for rubber-tyred railway vehicles was the work of Scotsman Robert William Thomson, the original inventor of the pneumatic tyre. In his patent of 1846 he describes his 'Aerial Wheels' as being equally suitable for, "the ground or rail or track on which they run". The patent also included a drawing of such a railway, with the weight carried by pneumatic main wheels running on a flat boa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bombardier Transportation
Bombardier Transportation was a Canadian-German rolling stock and rail transport manufacturer, headquartered in Berlin, Germany. It was one of the world's largest companies in the rail vehicle and equipment manufacturing and servicing industry. Bombardier Transportation had many regional offices, production and development facilities worldwide. It produced a wide range of products including passenger rail vehicles, locomotives, bogies, propulsion and controls. In February 2020, the company had 36,000 employees, and 63 manufacturing and engineering locations around the world. Formerly a subsidiary and rail equipment division of Bombardier Inc., the company was acquired by French manufacturer Alstom on 29 January 2021. History 20th century 1970s: Formation and first orders Canadian company Bombardier Inc. entered the rail market in 1970 when it purchased Lohnerwerke GmbH of Austria. Bombardier Transportation's first order for mass transit rolling stock was in 1974 for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fanfare For The Common Man
''Fanfare for the Common Man'' is a musical work by the American composer Aaron Copland. It was written in 1942 for the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra under conductor Eugene Goossens and was inspired in part by a speech made earlier that year by then American Vice President Henry A. Wallace, in which Wallace proclaimed the dawning of the "Century of the Common Man". Several alternative versions have been made and fragments of the work have appeared in many subsequent US and British cultural productions, such as in the musical scores of movies. Instrumentation This fanfare is written for the following instruments: * four horns (in F) * three trumpets (in B) * three trombones * tuba * timpani * bass drum * tam-tam The Fanfare Copland, in his autobiography, wrote of the request: " Eugene Goossens, conductor of the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra, had written to me at the end of August about an idea he wanted to put into action for the 1942–43 concert season. During World W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chopper (electronics)
In electronics, a chopper circuit is any of numerous types of electronic switching devices and circuits used in power control and signal applications. A chopper is a device that converts fixed DC input to a variable DC output voltage directly. Essentially, a chopper is an electronic switch that is used to interrupt one signal under the control of another. In power electronics applications, since the switching element is either fully on or fully off, its losses are low and the circuit can provide high efficiency. However, the current supplied to the load is discontinuous and may require smoothing or a high switching frequency to avoid undesirable effects. In signal processing circuits, use of a chopper stabilizes a system against drift of electronic components; the original signal can be recovered after amplification or other processing by a synchronous demodulator that essentially un-does the "chopping" process. Comparison (step down chopper and step up chopper) Comparison bet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
