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Mcm7
DNA replication licensing factor MCM7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MCM7'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is one of the highly conserved mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) that are essential for the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. The hexameric protein complex formed by the MCM proteins is a key component of the pre-replication complex (pre-RC) and may be involved in the formation of replication forks and in the recruitment of other DNA replication related proteins. The MCM complex consisting of this protein and MCM2, 4 and 6 proteins possesses DNA helicase activity, and may act as a DNA unwinding enzyme. Cyclin D1-dependent kinase, CDK4, is found to associate with this protein, and may regulate the binding of this protein with the tumor suppressor protein RB1/RB. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. Interactions MCM7 has been shown to interact with: * CDC45-related p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MCM2
DNA replication licensing factor MCM2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MCM2'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is one of the highly conserved mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) that are involved in the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. The hexameric protein complex formed by MCM proteins is a key component of the pre-replication complex (pre-RC) and may be involved in the formation of replication forks and in the recruitment of other DNA replication related proteins. This protein forms a complex with MCM4, 6, and 7, and has been shown to regulate the helicase activity of the complex. This protein is phosphorylated, and thus regulated by, protein kinases CDC2 and CDC7. Interactions MCM2 has been shown to interact with: * AKAP8, * Cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase, * MCM3, * MCM4, * MCM5, * MCM6, * MCM7, * ORC1L, * ORC2L, * ORC4L, * ORC5L, and * Replication protein A1. See also *Mini Chromosome Mainten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MCM6
DNA replication licensing factor MCM6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MCM6'' gene. MCM6 is one of the highly conserved mini-chromosome maintenance proteins ( MCM) that are essential for the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. Function The MCM complex consisting of MCM6 (this protein) and MCM2, 4 and 7 possesses DNA helicase activity, and may act as a DNA unwinding enzyme. The hexameric protein complex formed by the MCM proteins is a key component of the pre-replication complex (pre-RC) and may be involved in the formation of replication forks and in the recruitment of other DNA replication related proteins. The phosphorylation of the complex by CDC2 kinase reduces the helicase activity, suggesting a role in the regulation of DNA replication. Mcm 6 has recently been shown to interact strongly Cdt1 at defined residues, by mutating these target residues Wei ''et al''. observed lack of Cdt1 recruitment of Mcm2-7 to the pre-RC. Gene The MCM6 gene, ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MCM4
DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MCM4'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is one of the highly conserved mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) that are essential for the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. The hexameric protein complex formed by MCM proteins is a key component of the pre-replication complex (pre-RC) and may be involved in the formation of replication forks and in the recruitment of other DNA replication related proteins. The MCM complex consisting of this protein and MCM2, 6 and 7 proteins possesses DNA helicase activity, and may act as a DNA unwinding enzyme. The phosphorylation of this protein by CDC2 kinase reduces the DNA helicase activity and chromatin binding of the MCM complex. This gene is mapped to a region on the chromosome 8 head-to-head next to the PRKDC/DNA-PK, a DNA-activated protein kinase involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Alternatively spliced trans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Retinoblastoma Protein
The retinoblastoma protein (protein name abbreviated pRb; gene name abbreviated ''Rb'', ''RB'' or ''RB1'') is a proto-oncogenic tumor suppressor protein that is dysfunctional in several major cancers. One function of pRb is to prevent excessive cell growth by inhibiting cell cycle progression until a cell is ready to divide. When the cell is ready to divide, pRb is phosphorylated, inactivating it, and the cell cycle is allowed to progress. It is also a recruiter of several chromatin remodeling enzymes such as methylases and acetylases. pRb belongs to the pocket protein family, whose members have a pocket for the functional binding of other proteins. Should an oncogenic protein, such as those produced by cells infected by high-risk types of human papillomavirus, bind and inactivate pRb, this can lead to cancer. The ''RB'' gene may have been responsible for the evolution of multicellularity in several lineages of life including animals. Name and genetics In humans, the prote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Replication Protein A1
Replication protein A 70 kDa DNA-binding subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RPA1'' gene. Interactions Replication protein A1 has been shown to interact with: * BRCA2, * BLM, * MCM2, * MCM4, * MCM6, * MCM7, * MUTYH, * ORC2L, * ORC6L, * P53, * RPA2, * RPA3, * TIPIN, * TP53BP1, and * XPA. See also * Replication protein A * Replication protein A2 * Replication protein A3 * Single-stranded binding protein Single-stranded binding proteins (SSBs) are a class of proteins that have been identified in both viruses and organisms from bacteria to humans. Viral SSB Although the overall picture of ''human cytomegalovirus'' (HHV-5) DNA synthesis appears ... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * {{DNA replication ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ORC5L
Origin recognition complex subunit 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC5 (ORC5L) gene. Function The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunit protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors such as Cdc6 and Mcm proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the ORC complex. It has been shown to form a core complex with ORC2L, -3L, and 4L. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. Interactions ORC5 has been shown to interact with: * MCM2, * MCM3, * MCM4, * MCM7, * ORC1, * ORC2, * ORC3, and * ORC4 Origin recognition complex subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC4 (ORC4L) gene. Function The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ORC3L
Origin recognition complex subunit 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC3 (ORC3L) gene. Function The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunits protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors such as Cdc6 and Mcm proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the ORC complex. Studies of a similar gene in Drosophila suggested a possible role of this protein in neuronal proliferation and olfactory memory. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported for this gene. Interactions ORC3 has been shown to interact with: * MCM4, * MCM7, * ORC2, * ORC4, * ORC5, and * ORC6 Origin recognition complex subunit 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC6 (ORC6L) gene. Background The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ORC2L
Origin recognition complex subunit 2 is a protein that is encoded by the ORC2 (ORC2L) gene in humans. Function The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunits protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors such as Cdc6 and Mcm proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the ORC complex. This protein forms a core complex with ORC3, ORC4, and ORC5. It also interacts with CDC45L and MCM10, which are proteins known to be important for the initiation of DNA replication. This protein has been demonstrated to specifically associate with the origin of replication of Epstein-Barr virus in human cells, and is thought to be required for DNA replication from viral origin of replication. Interactions ORC2 has been shown to interact with: * CDC6, * DB ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ORC1L
Origin recognition complex subunit 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC1 gene. It is closely related to CDC6, and both are the same protein in archaea. Function The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunits protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of the pre-replication complex, which includes additional initiation factors such as Cdc6 and Mcm proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is the largest subunit of the origin recognition complex. While other ORC subunits are stable throughout the cell cycle, the levels of this protein vary during the cell cycle, which has been shown to be controlled by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis after initiation of DNA replication. This protein is found to be selectively phosphorylated during mitosis. It is also reported to interact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MNAT1
CDK-activating kinase assembly factor MAT1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MNAT1'' gene. Function Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which play an essential role in cell cycle control of eukaryotic cells, are phosphorylated and thus activated by the CDK-activating kinase (CAK). CAK is a multisubunit protein that includes CDK7 (MIM 601955), cyclin H (CCNH; MIM 601953), and MAT1. MAT1 (for 'ménage à trois-1') is involved in the assembly of the CAK complex. upplied by OMIMref name="entrez"> Interactions MNAT1 has been shown to interact with: * Cyclin H, * Cyclin-dependent kinase 7, * Estrogen receptor alpha, * MCM7, * MTA1, * P53, and * POU2F1 POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''POU2F1'' gene. Interactions POU2F1 has been shown to interact with: * EPRS, * Glucocorticoid receptor, * Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, .... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, providing structure to cells and organisms, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific 3D structure that determines its activity. A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide. Short polypeptides, containing less than 20–30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called peptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid residue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MCM5
DNA replication licensing factor MCM5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MCM5'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is structurally very similar to the CDC46 protein from S. cerevisiae, a protein involved in the initiation of DNA replication. The encoded protein is a member of the MCM family of chromatin-binding proteins and can interact with at least two other members of this family. The encoded protein is upregulated in the transition from the G0 to G1/S phase of the cell cycle and may actively participate in cell cycle regulation. See also *Mini Chromosome Maintenance Interactions MCM5 has been shown to interact with: * Cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase, * MCM2, * MCM3, * MCM7, * ORC2L, * ORC6L, and * STAT1 Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) is a transcription factor which in humans is encoded by the ''STAT1'' gene. It is a member of the STAT protein family. Function All STAT molecules are phosphoryl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
