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Myrmecodia Lamii
''Myrmecodia lamii'' is a myrmecophilous (Ant loving) plant in the Gardenia Family (Rubiaceae) and native to New Guinea, with a greatly swollen hypocotyl The hypocotyl (short for "hypocotyledonous stem", meaning "below seed leaf") is the stem of a germinating seedling, found below the cotyledons (seed leaves) and above the radicle (root). Eudicots As the plant embryo grows at germination, it send ... region containing numerous tunnels and chambers utilized by certain species of ants as a colony. This hypocotyl can measure up to 70 centimeters (27.5 inches) in height by up to 45 cm ( 17.75 inches) in width; by far the largest known hypocotyl.Blumea Volume 37 Issue 2 (1993) pages 322-323 with illustration References Psychotrieae Myrmecophytes Endemic flora of New Guinea {{Rubiaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myrmecophilous
Myrmecophily ( , ) is the term applied to positive interspecies associations between ants and a variety of other organisms, such as plants, other arthropods, and fungi. Myrmecophily refers to mutualistic associations with ants, though in its more general use, the term may also refer to commensal or even parasitic interactions. The term "myrmecophile" is used mainly for animals that associate with ants. An estimated 10,000 species of ants (Formicidae) are known, with a higher diversity in the tropics.B. Holldobler and E.O. Wilson, The Ants, Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1990. In most terrestrial ecosystems, ants are ecologically and numerically dominant, being the main invertebrate predators. As a result, ants play a key role in controlling arthropod richness, abundance, and community structure.K. Fiedler, B. Holldobler, and P. Seufert, "Butterflies and ants: The communicative domain," Cellular and molecular life sciences, vol. 52, 1996 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Guinea
New Guinea (; Hiri Motu Hiri Motu, also known as Police Motu, Pidgin Motu, or just Hiri, is a language of Papua New Guinea, which is spoken in surrounding areas of Port Moresby (Capital of Papua New Guinea). It is a simplified version of Motu, from the Austronesian l ...: ''Niu Gini''; id, Papua, or , historically ) is the List of islands by area, world's second-largest island with an area of . Located in Oceania in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is separated from Mainland Australia, Australia by the wide Torres Strait, though both landmasses lie on the same continental shelf. Numerous smaller islands are located to the west and east. The eastern half of the island is the major land mass of the independent state of Papua New Guinea. The western half, known as Western New Guinea, forms a part of Indonesia and is organized as the provinces of Papua (province), Papua, Central Papua, Highland Papua, South Papua, Southwest Papua, and West Papua (province), West ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypocotyl
The hypocotyl (short for "hypocotyledonous stem", meaning "below seed leaf") is the stem of a germinating seedling, found below the cotyledons (seed leaves) and above the radicle (root). Eudicots As the plant embryo grows at germination, it sends out a shoot called a radicle that becomes the primary root, and then penetrates down into the soil. After emergence of the radicle, the hypocotyl emerges and lifts the growing tip (usually including the seed coat) above the ground, bearing the embryonic leaves (called cotyledons), and the plumule that gives rise to the first true leaves. The hypocotyl is the primary organ of extension of the young plant and develops into the stem. Monocots The early development of a monocot seedling like cereals and other grasses is somewhat different. A structure called the coleoptile, essentially a part of the ''cotyledon'', protects the young stem and plumule as growth pushes them up through the soil. A mesocotyl—that part of the young plant that li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychotrieae
Psychotrieae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains about 2114 species in 17 genera. Its representatives are found in the tropics and subtropics. Genera Currently accepted names * '' Amaracarpus'' (30 sp.) - Seychelles, from Andaman Islands to northern Vanuatu * ''Anthorrhiza'' (9 sp.) - Papua New Guinea * '' Apomuria'' (12 sp.) - Madagascar * '' Calycosia'' (8 sp.) - New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Fiji, Samoa, Society Islands * '' Cremocarpon'' (9 sp.) - Comoros, Madagascar * '' Dolianthus'' (13 sp.) - New Guinea * '' Gillespiea'' (1 sp.) - Fiji * ''Hydnophytum'' (94 sp.) - Indo-China to southwestern Pacific region * ''Myrmecodia'' (27 sp.) - from Vietnam to northern Australia * ''Myrmephytum'' (5 sp.) - Philippines, Sulawesi, New Guinea * ''Psychotria'' (1874 sp.) - tropics and subtropics * '' Ronabea'' (3 sp.) - Tropical America * ''Squamellaria'' (4 sp.) - Fiji * '' Streblosa'' (25 sp.) - from Thailand to Malesia * '' Psathura'' (8 sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myrmecophytes
Myrmecophytes (; literally "ant-plant") are plants that live in a mutualistic association with a colony of ants. There are over 100 different genera of myrmecophytes. These plants possess structural adaptations that provide ants with food and/or shelter. These specialized structures include domatia, food bodies, and extrafloral nectaries. In exchange for food and shelter, ants aid the myrmecophyte in pollination, seed dispersal, gathering of essential nutrients, and/or defense. Specifically, domatia adapted to ants may be called myrmecodomatia. Mutualism Myrmecophytes share a mutualistic relationship with ants, benefiting both the plants and ants. This association may be either facultative or obligate. Obligate mutualism In obligate mutualisms, both of the organisms involved are interdependent; they cannot survive on their own. An example of this type of mutualism can be found in the plant genus ''Macaranga''. All species of this genus provide food for ants in various ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
