Myanma Pharmaceutical Industry Enterprise
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Myanma Pharmaceutical Industry Enterprise
Myanma Pharmaceutical Industrial Enterprise (MPIE; my, မြန်မာ့ဆေးဝါးလုပ်ငန်း) is a state-owned enterprise (SOE) under the Ministry of Industry that conducts R&D, manufacturing and distribution for over 200 essential pharmaceuticals. MPIE has a domestic market share ranging between 3% and 10%. MPIE also exports antivenom drugs to neighboring Cambodia and Laos. In 2016, MPIE produced over 800 million tablets and capsules, and has launched new product lines including vaccinations and antibiotics, in recent years. MPIE also supplies drugs to other government agencies, including the Ministry of Defence, and the Ministry of Health and Sports. History During the socialist era, Burma had a single registered drug producer, the Burma Pharmaceutical Industry (BPI), whose brand had a solid reputation among domestic consumers. It was renamed the Myanmar Pharmaceutical Factory (MPF) in 1988. MPIE continues to use the BPI trademark, because the bran ...
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Ministry Of Industry (Myanmar)
The Ministry of Industry ( my, ) is a ministry in the Government of Myanmar that produces consumer products such as pharmaceuticals and foodstuffs, textiles, ceramics, paper and chemical products, home utilities and construction materials, assorted types of vehicles, earth-moving equipment, diesel engines, automotive parts, turbines and generators, CNC machines, transformers, agricultural machines, rubber and tires, etc. History With the aim to strengthen the organisations and effective managements of the Ministry of Industry No. 1 and Ministry of Industry No. 2, the Ministry of Industry was reorganised with the combination of those Ministries since 2 December 2011. Policy * Establishment of an industrialised state based on modernised agriculture, with wide development of value-added agricultural products and agro-based industries. Emphasis is also to be given to development of small and medium enterprise leading to establishment of heavy industries. * Production of impor ...
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State-owned Enterprise
A state-owned enterprise (SOE) is a Government, government entity which is established or nationalised by the ''national government'' or ''provincial government'' by an executive order or an act of legislation in order to earn Profit (economics), profit for the Government, government, control monopoly of the Private sector, private sector entities, provide products and services to citizens at a lower price and for the achievement of overall financial goals & developmental objectives in a particular country. The national government or provincial government has majority ownership over these ''state owned enterprises''. These ''state owned enterprises'' are also known as public sector undertakings in some countries. Defining characteristics of SOEs are their distinct legal form and possession of Profit (economics), financial goals & developmental objectives (e.g., a state railway company may aim to make transportation more accessible and earn profit for the government), SOEs ar ...
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Pharmaceuticals
A medication (also called medicament, medicine, pharmaceutical drug, medicinal drug or simply drug) is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease. Drug therapy (pharmacotherapy) is an important part of the medical field and relies on the science of pharmacology for continual advancement and on pharmacy for appropriate management. Drugs are classified in multiple ways. One of the key divisions is by level of control, which distinguishes prescription drugs (those that a pharmacist dispenses only on the order of a physician, physician assistant, or qualified nurse) from over-the-counter drugs (those that consumers can order for themselves). Another key distinction is between traditional small molecule drugs, usually derived from chemical synthesis, and biopharmaceuticals, which include recombinant proteins, vaccines, blood products used therapeutically (such as IVIG), gene therapy, monoclonal antibodies and cell therapy (for instance, stem cell therapies). ...
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Antivenom
Antivenom, also known as antivenin, venom antiserum, and antivenom immunoglobulin, is a specific treatment for envenomation. It is composed of antibodies and used to treat certain venomous bites and stings. Antivenoms are recommended only if there is significant toxicity or a high risk of toxicity. The specific antivenom needed depends on the species involved. It is given by injection. Side effects may be severe. They include serum sickness, shortness of breath, and allergic reactions including anaphylaxis. Antivenom is traditionally made by collecting venom from the relevant animal and injecting small amounts of it into a domestic animal. The antibodies that form are then collected from the domestic animal's blood and purified. Versions are available for spider bites, snake bites, fish stings, and scorpion stings. Due to the high cost of producing antibody-based antivenoms and their short shelf lives when not refrigerated, alternative methods of production of antivenoms ar ...
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Cambodia
Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailand to the northwest, Laos to the north, Vietnam to the east, and the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest. The capital and largest city is Phnom Penh. The sovereign state of Cambodia has a population of over 17 million. Buddhism is enshrined in the constitution as the official state religion, and is practised by more than 97% of the population. Cambodia's minority groups include Vietnamese, Chinese, Chams and 30 hill tribes. Cambodia has a tropical monsoon climate of two seasons, and the country is made up of a central floodplain around the Tonlé Sap lake and Mekong Delta, surrounded by mountainous regions. The capital and largest city is Phnom Penh, the political, economic and cultural centre of Cambodia. The kingdom is an elective co ...
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Laos
Laos (, ''Lāo'' )), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, French: République démocratique populaire lao), is a socialist state and the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. At the heart of the Indochinese Peninsula, Laos is bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast, and Thailand to the west and southwest. Its capital and largest city is Vientiane. Present-day Laos traces its historic and cultural identity to Lan Xang, which existed from the 14th century to the 18th century as one of the largest kingdoms in Southeast Asia. Because of its central geographical location in Southeast Asia, the kingdom became a hub for overland trade and became wealthy economically and culturally. After a period of internal conflict, Lan Xang broke into three separate kingdoms: Luang Phrabang, Vientiane and Champasak. In ...
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Ministry Of Defence (Myanmar)
The Ministry of Defence ( my, ကာကွယ်ရေးဝန်ကြီးဌာန; abbreviated MoD) is a government ministry in Myanmar (Burma), responsible for the country's national security and the armed forces (the Tatmadaw). The ministry has the largest share of the national budget among all government ministries, with a budget of $2.289 billion United States dollar, USD in 2013. As part of the ''Burma Sanctions Program'', the United States government prohibits its citizens from doing business with the Ministry of Defence of Myanmar or its affiliates. Departments *Union Minister Office *Department of International and Internal Affairs *Account Office *Directorate of Procurement The Ministry of Defence also generates significant revenue from business interests, by owning and operating a large business conglomerate, the Myanmar Economic Corporation (MEC). MEC is owned by the Tatmadaw's Quartermaster General’s Office, and is a direct source of revenue for the Burmese ...
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Ministry Of Health And Sports (Myanmar)
Ministry of Health and Sports regroups the two following ministries: Ministry of Health and Ministry of Sports.In 2016, President Htin Kyaw dissolved the Ministry of Sports (Myanmar) and organized it under the Ministry of Health.On 25 May 2016, under Htin Kyaw's Government, it was renamed to Ministry of Health and Sports, regrouping both ministries in one governing body. On 1 August 2021, the SAC reconstituted the Ministry of Health and Sports as Ministry of Health and Ministry of Sports and Youth Affairs. Departments * Department of Public Health *Department of Medical Services *Department of Human Resources for Health * Department of Medical Research *Department of Traditional Medicine * Department of Food and Drug Administration *Department of Sports and Physical Education See also * Ministry of Health *Ministry of Sports A Ministry of Sports or Ministry of Youth and Sports is a kind of government ministry found in certain countries with responsibility for the regulatio ...
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Insein Township
Insein Township ( my, အင်းစိန်မြို့နယ်, ) is located in northern Yangon. The township comprises 21 wards, and shares borders with Shwepyitha township in the north, Hlaingthaya township in the west, Mingaladon township in the east and Mayangon township in the south. Insein is home to the Insein Prison, the most notorious prison in the country that houses hundreds of political prisoners. Until the 1990s, Insein, about from central Yangon, was beyond Yangon's city limits although by the 1980s, Insein was already integrated with the rest of the city. With the expansion of Yangon's city limits in the 1990s which also included founding new satellite towns, Insein was formally incorporated into Yangon. Etymology The word "Insein" means "precious lake" in the Burmese language, and is also a former name of Inya lake. However, the etymology of "Insein" is derived from the Mon language term mnw, အၚ်စိၚ် (), meaning "elephant lake." History ...
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Yangon Region
Yangon Region(, ; formerly Rangoon Division and Yangon Division) is an administrative region of Myanmar. Located in the heart of Lower Myanmar, the division is bordered by Bago Region to the north and east, the Gulf of Martaban to the south, and Ayeyarwady Region to the west. Yangon Region is dominated by its capital city of Yangon, the former national capital and the largest city in the country. Other important cities are Thanlyin and Twante. The division is the most developed region of the country and the main international gateway. The division measures . History The region was historically populated by the Mon. Politically, the area was controlled by Mon kingdoms prior to 1057, and after 1057, with few exceptions, by Burman kingdoms from the north. The control of the region reverted to Pegu-based Mon kingdoms in the 13th to 16th centuries (1287–1539) and briefly in the 18th century (1740–57). The Portuguese were in control of Thanlyin (Syriam) and the surrounding ...
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Kyaukse Township
Kyaukse Township is a township of Kyaukse District in the Mandalay Region of Burma. It makes up the area including the town of Kyaukse. Yeywa Dam The Yeywa Hydropower Station ( my, ရဲရွာရေအားလျှပ်စစ်ဓာတ်အားပေးစက်ရုံ), located on the Myitnge River, southeast of Mandalay city, at Yeywa village in Kyaukse Township, Mandalay ... is located there. Villages * Chaungzon * Dawe * Dwehla * Hamyinbo * Hele * Hele North * Hele South * Hin-ngu * Hngetkadaung * Indaing * Inyaung * Kade * Kalagyaung * Kale * Kaungdin * Kontha * Kyaukpya * Kyauksauk * Kyauksaukkale * Kyauksaukkon * Kyaukse * Kyaungbangon * Kyaungywa * Kyetsha * Kyetsin * Letpan * Letpan * Magyidan * Maingban * Mezebin * Mezebin * Mingan * Minzu * Mogyogon * Monbaungywa * Mwegon * Myauk Hamyinbo * Myauk Hin-ngu * Myauk Monbaungywa * Myezo * Myindwin * Myingondaing * Nam-hu * Nanni * Naungkan * Nga-o * Ngedaw * ...
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Mandalay Region
Mandalay Region ( my, မန္တလေးတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, ; formerly Mandalay Division) is an administrative divisions of Myanmar, administrative division of Myanmar. It is located in the center of the country, bordering Sagaing Region and Magway Region to the west, Shan State to the east, and Bago Region and Kayin State to the south. The regional capital is Mandalay. To the south of the region lies the national capital of Naypyidaw. The division consists of eleven districts, which are subdivided into 28 townships and 2,320 wards and village-tracts. Mandalay Region is important in Economy of Myanmar, Myanmar's economy, accounting for 15% of the national economy. It is under the administration of the Mandalay Region Government. History The history of Mandalay Region is the same as that of much of Upper Myanmar except that for much of Burmese history, the political power emanated out of royal capitals located in Mandalay Region. The country's present capit ...
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