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MultiLevel Recording
MultiLevel Recording (ML, also known as M-ary) was a technology originally developed by Optex CorporationEarman, Allen, "Optical Data Storage With Electron Trapping Materials Using M-ary Data Channel Coding," Proceedings of the Optical Data Storage Conference, SPIE, Feb. 1992, San Jose, California. . and promoted by Calimetrics to increase the storage capacity of optical discs. It failed to establish itself on the market. Through a combination of proprietary media, recorder, reader and player modifications, Calimetrics proposed that ML could increase the capacity of a CD-ROM, CD-R or CD-RW to 2 GB, a single-layer DVD, DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW, DVD+RW or DVD-RAM to 7.1 to 10 GB and a single-layer Blu-ray Disc (BD) to as much as 60 GB. An optionally integrated Digital Rights Management (DRM) system entitled MovieGuard was also suggested. An industry group called the ML Alliance was formed in 2000 to help commercialize ML technology. Members eventually included Calimetrics, TDK, San ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dual Layer
Dual or Duals may refer to: Paired/two things * Dual (mathematics), a notion of paired concepts that mirror one another ** Dual (category theory), a formalization of mathematical duality *** see more cases in :Duality theories * Dual (grammatical number), a grammatical category used in some languages * Dual county, a Gaelic games county which in both Gaelic football and hurling * Dual diagnosis, a psychiatric diagnosis of co-occurrence of substance abuse and a mental problem * Dual fertilization, simultaneous application of a P-type and N-type fertilizer * Dual impedance, electrical circuits that are the dual of each other * Dual SIM cellphone supporting use of two SIMs * Aerochute International Dual a two-seat Australian powered parachute design Acronyms and other uses * Dual (brand), a manufacturer of Hifi equipment * DUAL (cognitive architecture), an artificial intelligence design model * DUAL algorithm, or diffusing update algorithm, used to update Internet protocol routing tab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plextor
Plextor (styled PLEXTOR) ( zh, 浦科特; ja, プレクスター) is a Taiwanese (formerly Japanese) consumer electronics brand, best known for solid-state drives and optical disc drives. Company The brand name Plextor was used for all products manufactured by the Electronic Equipment Division and Printing Equipment Division of the Japanese company ''Plextor Inc.'', which was a 100%-owned subsidiary company of '' Shinano Kenshi Corp.'', also a Japanese company. The brand was formerly known as TEXEL, under which name it introduced its first CD-ROM optical disc drive in 1989. The brand has been used for flash memory products, Blu-ray players and burners, DVD-ROM burners, CD-ROM burners, DVD and CD media, network hard disks, portable hard disks, digital video recorders, and floppy disk drives. The brand Plextor was in 2010 licensed to ''Philips & Lite-On Digital Solutions Corporation'', a subsidiary company of '' Lite-On Technology Corporation''. Therefore, all the Plextor products ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pulse-amplitude Modulation
Pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) is a form of signal modulation where the message information is encoded in the amplitude of a series of signal pulses. It is an analog pulse modulation scheme in which the amplitudes of a train of carrier pulses are varied according to the sample value of the message signal. Demodulation is performed by detecting the amplitude level of the carrier at every single period. Types There are two types of pulse amplitude modulation: * In ''single polarity PAM'', a suitable fixed DC bias is added to the signal to ensure that all the pulses are positive. * In ''double polarity PAM'', the pulses are both positive and negative. Pulse-amplitude modulation is widely used in modulating signal transmission of digital data, with non-baseband applications having been largely replaced by pulse-code modulation, and, more recently, by pulse-position modulation. The number of possible pulse amplitudes in analog PAM is theoretically infinite. Digital PAM reduces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baseband
In telecommunications and signal processing, baseband is the range of frequencies occupied by a signal that has not been modulated to higher frequencies. Baseband signals typically originate from transducers, converting some other variable into an electrical signal. For example, the output of a microphone is a baseband signal that is an analog of the applied voice audio. In conventional analog radio broadcasting the baseband audio signal is used to modulate an RF carrier signal of a much higher frequency. A baseband signal may have frequency components going all the way down to DC, or at least it will have a high ratio bandwidth. A modulated baseband signal is called a passband signal. This occupies a higher range of frequencies and has a lower ratio and fractional bandwidth. Various uses Baseband signal A ''baseband signal'' or ''lowpass signal'' is a signal that can include frequencies that are very near zero, by comparison with its highest frequency (for example, a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convolutional Code
In telecommunication, a convolutional code is a type of error-correcting code that generates parity symbols via the sliding application of a boolean polynomial function to a data stream. The sliding application represents the 'convolution' of the encoder over the data, which gives rise to the term 'convolutional coding'. The sliding nature of the convolutional codes facilitates trellis decoding using a time-invariant trellis. Time invariant trellis decoding allows convolutional codes to be maximum-likelihood soft-decision decoded with reasonable complexity. The ability to perform economical maximum likelihood soft decision decoding is one of the major benefits of convolutional codes. This is in contrast to classic block codes, which are generally represented by a time-variant trellis and therefore are typically hard-decision decoded. Convolutional codes are often characterized by the base code rate and the depth (or memory) of the encoder ,k,K/math>. The base code rate is ty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ML Code
ML or ml may refer to: Computing and mathematics * ML (programming language), a general-purpose functional programming language * .ml, the top-level Internet domain for Mali * Machine language, the direct instructions to a computer's central processing unit (CPU) * Machine learning, a field of computer science * Markup language, a system for annotating a document * Maximum likelihood, a method of estimating the parameters of a statistical model * Mathematical Logic, a variation of Quine's system New Foundations Measurement * Megalitre or megaliter (ML, Ml, or Mℓ), a unit of capacity * Millilitre or milliliter (mL, ml, or mℓ), a unit of capacity * Millilambert (mL), a non-SI unit of luminance * Richter magnitude scale (''M''L), used to measure earthquakes * Megalangmuir (ML), a unit of exposure of a surface to a given chemical species (convention is 1 ML=monolayer=1 Langmuir) Other * 1050, in Roman numerals * ''ML'' (film), a 2018 Philippine film * ML 8-inch shell gun * ML ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EFM Code , abbreviated eFM
{{disambiguation ...
EFM may refer to: * E FM, a radio channel in Sri Lanka * Canon EF-M lens mount * Canon EF-M camera * Edinburgh Dragon Trust, a British investment trust * Education for Ministry, an American Christian educational program * EFM Academy, now part of SCOPE Maastricht, a study association in the Netherlands * EFM Records, an American record label * Eight-to-fourteen modulation * Electronic fetal monitoring * Electrostatic force microscope * Enterprise feedback management * ''Environmental Fluid Mechanics'', a scholarly journal * Ethernet in the first mile * European Film Market, a film market held during the Berlin International Film Festival * The FM extended band in Brazil In Brazil, the FM extended band ( pt, faixa estendida), abbreviated eFM, refers to the extension of the FM broadcast band between 76.1 and 87.3 Megahertz, MHz, beyond the conventional band of 87.5 to 108 MHz that was previously used. The reclaimed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eight-to-Fourteen Modulation
Eight-to-fourteen modulation (EFM) is a data encoding technique – formally, a ''line code'' – used by compact discs (CD), laserdiscs (LD) and pre-Hi-MD MiniDiscs. EFMPlus is a related code, used in DVDs and Super Audio CDs (SACDs). EFM and EFMPlus were both invented by Kees A. Schouhamer Immink. According to European Patent Office former President Benoît Battistelli, "Immink's invention of EFM made a decisive contribution to the digital revolution." Technological classification EFM belongs to the class of DC-free run-length limited (RLL) codes; these have the following two properties: * the spectrum ( power density function) of the encoded sequence vanishes at the low-frequency end, and * both the minimum and maximum number of consecutive bits of the same kind are within specified bounds. In optical recording systems, servo mechanisms accurately follow the track in three dimensions: radial, focus, and rotational speed. Everyday handling damage, such as dust, fingerpri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modulation Code
In electronics and telecommunications, modulation is the process of varying one or more properties of a periodic waveform, called the ''carrier signal'', with a separate signal called the ''modulation signal'' that typically contains information to be transmitted. For example, the modulation signal might be an audio signal representing sound from a microphone, a video signal representing moving images from a video camera, or a digital signal representing a sequence of binary digits, a bitstream from a computer. The carrier is higher in frequency than the modulation signal. In radio communication the modulated carrier is transmitted through space as a radio wave to a radio receiver. Another purpose is to transmit multiple channels of information through a single communication medium, using frequency-division multiplexing (FDM). For example in cable television which uses FDM, many carrier signals, each modulated with a different television channel, are transported through a single ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enhanced Versatile Disc
The enhanced versatile disc (EVD) is an optical-medium-based digital audio/video format, developed by Beijing E-World (a multi-company partnership including SVA, Shinco, Xiaxin, Yuxing, Skyworth, Nintaus, Malata, Changhong, and BBK Electronics), as a rival to the DVD to avoid the high royalty costs associated with the DVD format. Its development was supported by the Chinese government. While it was intended to replace the DVD standard in China by 2008, the format had failed to gain traction and ultimately faded into obsolescence. It was announced on November 18, 2003, by the People's Republic of China's Xinhua News Agency as a response to the DVD-Video format and its licensing costs (which some considered excessive). It uses an optical storage medium in CD size (120 mm) that is physically a DVD disc with the same UDF file system. China started development on EVD in 1999, because DVD Video (CSS, Macrovision, etc.) and MPEG-2 (Video and Systems) licensing costs were r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yamaha Corporation
is a Japanese multinational corporation and conglomerate with a very wide range of products and services. It is one of the constituents of Nikkei 225 and is the world's largest musical instrument manufacturing company. The former motorcycle division was established in 1955 as Yamaha Motor Co., Ltd., which started as an affiliated company but later became independent, although Yamaha Corporation is still a major shareholder. History Nippon Gakki Co. Ltd. (currently Yamaha Corporation) was established in 1887 as a reed organ manufacturer by Torakusu Yamaha (山葉寅楠) in Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Prefecture and was incorporated on 12 October 1897. In 1900, the company started the production of pianos. The first piano to be made in Japan was an upright built in 1900 by Torakusu Yamaha, founder of Nippon Gakki Co., Ltd. — later renamed Yamaha Corporation. The company's origins as a musical instrument manufacturer are still reflected today in the group's logo—a trio of interloc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teac
TEAC may refer to: * TEAC Corporation () is a Japanese electronics manufacturer. TEAC was created by the merger of the Tokyo Television Acoustic Company, founded in 1953, and the Tokyo Electro-Acoustic Company, founded in 1956. Overview TEAC has four divisions: * TASCAM - co ..., a Japanese electronics company * TEAC Oval, a sports stadium in Port Melbourne, Australia * Tetraethylammonium chloride, a chemical compound * Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, a measure of antioxidant capacity * Transfer Emergency Action Contact, a procedure created by ICANN to deal with domain-related disputes * Thorium Energy Alliance Conference {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
