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Muhammadquli Khan
Muhammadquli Khan was the fourth khan of Baku. Reign He was a younger brother of Malik Muhammad Khan and the son of Mirza Muhammad Khan I, his birth date is not known. Since death of Fatali khan, he was trying to usurp Baku khanate using inexperience of both new Quba khan Ahmed khan and his nephew Mirza Muhammad II. He assured ambitious Ahmed khan of his loyalty if he was rewarded the khanate. Ahmed khan sent an army contingent to Baku to set up Muhammadquli agha on the throne in 1791. Since Baku army only consisted of 500 men or so Mirza Muhammad abdicated in favor of his uncle that year. However, he did not obey Ahmed khan, didn't tributes. Quba khan changed his allegiance to former khan and besieged Baku, Muhammadquli defeated their forces with help of city folk. Ahmed khan died on March, 1791 and was succeeded by 13-year-old brother - Shaykhali Khan. Mirza Muhammad again was given army to march on Baku. Shaykali further asked Count Ivan Gudovich to besiege Baku. Muhammadqu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baku Khanate
Baku Khanate ( fa, خانات باکو, Khānāt-e Baku), was an autonomous Muslim khanate under Iranian suzerainty, which existed between 1747 and 1806. Originally a province of Safavid empire, it became practically independent after the assassination of Nader Shah and weakening of central authority in Iran due to the struggle for power. Its territory now lies within present-day Azerbaijan, History During the Russo-Persian War (1722-23), Baku, which was previously in Safavid possession, was occupied by Russian troops. However, when they heard of Nader Shah Afshar's military successes in Persia, and of the threat, he posed to Russia, they agreed to cede Baku to Persia again in 1735. The Shah appointed Mirza Muhammad Khan I, son of the influential tribal chief Dargah Quli Khan (who descended from Afshari Qizilbash who were granted lands near Baku in 1592), to become a feudal Khan. At this point, the Khan was practically and officially a vassal of the Persian Shah; howev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mirza Muhammad Khan II
Mirza Muhammad Khan II (1770–1836) – was third Khan of Baku. Early life Mirza Muhammad Khan II was born in 1770 to Malik Muhammad Khan and Khadija Bika, sister of Fatali Khan of Quba. He was named after his grandfather, Mirza Muhammad Khan I, the founding Khan of the Baku Khanate. He ascended to the throne when his father went for pilgrimage and regency was assumed by his mother. His reign saw the Khanate's complete incorporation to Quba, to the point that Fatali Khan invited a Russian garrison to be stationed in Baku in 1785 in place of Mirza Muhammad. However, Fatali Khan died on 22 March 1789 in Baku, before further military campaigns. Abdication Relations were strained between Ahmed Khan of Quba and Mirza Muhammad after 1791. Following the death of Fatali Khan, Muhammadquli Agha – the uncle of Mirza Muhammad – tried to usurp Baku khanate using the inexperience of both Ahmed Khan and Mirza Muhammad as justification. He assured Ahmed Khan of his loyalty if he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huseyngulu Khan
Huseyngulu Khan was the fifth and last khan of Baku. Life Huseyngulu Khan was born in 1774 to Aligulu agha (brother of Malik Muhammad and Muhammadquli Khan). After the death of the khan in 1792, begs headed by Qasim beg Selimkhanov (according to other sources, his surname was Mansurov) declared him as their new khan. Early reign His reign mostly contested by his cousin, former khan Mirza Muhammad II. Soon after his ascension, he defeated Mirza Muhammad who fled to Quba. He also sent Manaf beg Selimkhanov to Count Gudovich, to present his application for Russian citizenship in 1792. However he was detained in Derbent by Shaykhali Khan's men, who regarded himself as overlord of Baku until 1795. Shaykhali khan marched on Baku in 1794, however upon hearing the news from Shaki Khanate that Salim khan – new khan of Shaki – massacred all children of former khan, including Shaykhali's nephew, marched on Shaki, leaving Mirza Muhammad II near Balakhana with a thousand men. Be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baku
Baku (, ; az, Bakı ) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world and also the largest city in the world located below sea level. Baku lies on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, alongside the Bay of Baku. Baku's urban population was estimated at two million people as of 2009. Baku is the primate city of Azerbaijan—it is the sole metropolis in the country, and about 25% of all inhabitants of the country live in Baku's metropolitan area. Baku is divided into twelve administrative raions and 48 townships. Among these are the townships on the islands of the Baku Archipelago, and the town of Oil Rocks built on stilts in the Caspian Sea, away from Baku. The Inner City of Baku, along with the Shirvanshah's Palace and Maiden Tower, were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000. The c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karbala
Karbala or Kerbala ( ar, كَرْبَلَاء, Karbalāʾ , , also ;) is a city in central Iraq, located about southwest of Baghdad, and a few miles east of Lake Milh, also known as Razzaza Lake. Karbala is the capital of Karbala Governorate, and has an estimated population of 1,218,732 people (2018). The city, best known as the location of the Battle of Karbala in 680 AD, or for the shrines of Husayn ibn Ali and Abbas ibn Ali,Shimoni & Levine, 1974, p. 160.Aghaie, 2004, pp. 10–11. is considered a holy city for Shia Muslims, in the same way as Mecca, Medina and Jerusalem. Tens of millions of Shi'ite Muslims visit the site twice a year, rivaling Mecca and Mashhad by the number of pilgrims annually. The martyrdom of Husayn ibn Ali is commemorated annually by millions of Shi'ites. Up to 8 million pilgrims visit the city to observe '' ʿĀshūrāʾ'' (the tenth day of the month of Muharram), which marks the anniversary of Husayn's death, but the main event is the '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bakikhanovs
The Bakikhanovs () are an Azerbaijani noble family descended from khans of Baku. History Progenitors of the line arrived in Baku after 1592. Bakikhanov, p.138 According to Abbasgulu Bakikhanov, ancestors of the family migrated to Baku from Gilan, after certain "Khan Ahmad affair", which probably means end of Malati ruler Sultan Ahmad Khan's reign. He claims ancestors of Baku khans were hailing from Nur and Kujur rulers ruling in Tabaristan, i.e. Paduspanids. First known members of the dynasty were Mammadhusein beg and his son Heybet beg. Heybet beg's elder son Dargahqulu beg was a landlord in Mashtaga who seized the city and killed ''sultan'' who was appointed by Safavids, then began to call himself khan, appointing Selim khan as ''naib'' of Absheron. He defeated forces of Surkhay khan of Qaziqumuq and later Haji Davud of Shirvan and extended his rule to Shabran and Gobustan. However he lost younger brother Huseinjan beg in battle. Dargahqulu surrendered castle to Mikhail ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mirza Muhammad Khan I
Mirza Muhammad Khan I was the founding Khan of the Baku Khanate. He was a descendant of the Iranian garrison commander of Baku of 1723. Background Mirza Muhammad Khan belonged to a family which was originally from Mazandaran. He was the son of Dargah Qoli Beg, who was the governor of Baku in the first quarter of the 18th-century. Life He was born in 1727, in Baku. His father ruled at least till 1731. However he was charged with treason and relieved of duty in unknown year. He rejoined Nadir Shah and was killed in 1738 in a battle. After Treaty of Ganja, Nadir Shah appointed a certain Galem from Gilan as a ''sultan'' of Baku, also awarded Ashur khan Afshar with lands in Absheron peninsula, including Sabunchu, Keshla and Zabrat. His grandson, son of Malik Muhammad Khan, is named after him. He also acknowledged his grandson Mirza Muhammad as khan at age of 11. Reign Taking advantage of Nadir's fall, he seized the city and killed the ''sultan'', appointing former naib Selim k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shiite
Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (''khalīfa'') and the Imam (spiritual and political leader) after him, most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm, but was prevented from succeeding Muhammad as the leader of the Muslims as a result of the choice made by some of Muhammad's other companions (''ṣaḥāba'') at Saqifah. This view primarily contrasts with that of Sunnī Islam, whose adherents believe that Muhammad did not appoint a successor before his death and consider Abū Bakr, who was appointed caliph by a group of senior Muslims at Saqifah, to be the first rightful (''rāshidūn'') caliph after Muhammad. Adherents of Shīʿa Islam are called Shīʿa Muslims, Shīʿītes, or simply Shīʿa or Shia. Shīʿa Islam is based on a ''ḥadīth'' report concerning Muhammad's pronouncement at Ghadir Khumm.Esposito, John. "What Everyone Needs to K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malik Muhammad Khan
Malik Muhammad khan was second khan of Baku and a son of Mirza Muhammad Khan. Reign He was a firstborn son of Mirza Muhammad and daughter of Husein khan Rudbar. He was later a son-in-law of Fatali khan. He was already ruling in his father's name since 1765 and was practically a vassal of Quba khanate. When Fatali khan invaded Derbent khanate in 1766, captured it's khan Muhammad Husein Khan, blinded him and sent with his son Ali to Baku and ordered Malik Muhammad to keep them as hostages. He was described as an extremely cruel ruler by Samuel Gmelin. Although according to Azerbaijani historian Marziya Isgandarova, this could be due to the fact that khan was suspicious of him and once told him "Would they allow an outsider to do that in Russia?" when Samuel was examining oil fields in 1770. Samuel was even denied to stay inside city walls and drink water from city wells. According to Samuel, a Quba army contingent was garrisoned in Saray. After Fatali khan's invasion of S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Gudovich
Count Ivan Vasilyevich Gudovich (russian: Граф Ива́н Васи́льевич Гудо́вич, tr. ; 1741–1820) was a Russian noble and military leader of Ukrainian descent. His exploits included the capture of Khadjibey (1789) and the conquest of maritime Dagestan (1807). Ivan's father was an influential member of the Ukrainian Cossack starshina. He sent his sons to be educated abroad, at the Königsberg Albertina University and the University of Leipzig. Upon coming to St Petersburg in 1759, Gudovich joined the Russian Army, hoping to benefit from the favors enjoyed by his elder brother, Andrey, an aide-de-camp to Peter III. Upon the latter's dethronement in 1762, the Gudovich brothers were apprehended and briefly imprisoned. It was during the Russo-Turkish War (1768–74) that Ivan Gudovich rose to prominence and greatly distinguished himself at Khotyn, Larga, and Kagul. The next ten years were spent in half-military, half-administrative work in Ryazan, Tambov, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
