|
Mubarak Khwaja
Mubarak Khwaja ( kk, Мүбәрәк Қожа, fa, ) was the khan of White Horde in 1320–1344. He succeeded his brother, Ilbasan, with the assistance of Uzbeg Khan, Uzbeg, Khan of the Golden Horde and the Blue Horde, House of Batu. However, he declared his independence from Sarai (city), Sarai. The Khan sent his son Tini Beg to overthrow him. Thus, he was replaced by Chimtay, son of Ilbasan. He may have lived longer after his dethronement, occupying some lands. Genealogy *Genghis Khan *Jochi *Orda Khan *Sartaqtay *Köchü *Bayan (khan), Bayan *Sasibuqa *Mubarak Khwaja See also *List of Khans of the Golden Horde {{s-end Nomadic groups in Eurasia Khans of the White Horde 14th-century Mongol rulers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genghis Khan
''Chinggis Khaan'' ͡ʃʰiŋɡɪs xaːŋbr />Mongol script: ''Chinggis Qa(gh)an/ Chinggis Khagan'' , birth_name = Temüjin , successor = Tolui (as regent)Ögedei Khan , spouse = , issue = , house = Borjigin , dynasty = Genghisid , regnal name = Genghis Khan () , temple name = Taizu () , posthumous name = Emperor Fatian Qiyun Shengwu () , father = Yesügei , mother = Hoelun , religion = Tengrism , birth_date = , birth_place = Khentii Mountains, Khamag Mongol , death_date = (aged 64–65) , death_place = Xingqing, Western Xia , burial_place = Unknown(presumptively Ikh Khorig, Burkhan Khaldun, Khentii Province) Genghis Khan (born Temüjin; ; xng, Temüjin, script=Latn; ., name=Temujin – August 25, 1227) was the founder and first Great Khan (Emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death. He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nomadic Groups In Eurasia
A nomad is a member of a community without fixed habitation who regularly moves to and from the same areas. Such groups include hunter-gatherers, pastoral nomads (owning livestock), tinkers and trader nomads. In the twentieth century, the population of nomadic pastoral tribes slowly decreased, reaching an estimated 30–40 million nomads in the world . Nomadic hunting and gathering—following seasonally available wild plants and game—is by far the oldest human subsistence method. Pastoralists raise herds of domesticated livestock, driving or accompanying them in patterns that normally avoid depleting pastures beyond their ability to recover. Nomadism is also a lifestyle adapted to infertile regions such as steppe, tundra, or ice and sand, where mobility is the most efficient strategy for exploiting scarce resources. For example, many groups living in the tundra are reindeer herders and are semi-nomadic, following forage for their animals. Sometimes also described as "nomad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khan (title)
Khan ''khan/qan''; tr, han; Azerbaijani: ''xan''; Ottoman: ''han''; Old Turkic: ''kan''; Chinese: 汗 ''hán''; Goguryeo: 皆 ''key''; Buyeo: 加 ''ka''; Silla: 干 ''kan''; Gaya: 旱 ''kan''; Baekje: 瑕 ''ke''; Manchu: ; Persian: خان; Punjabi: ਖ਼ਾਨ; Hindustani: ख़ान or ख़ां (Devanagari), or (Nastaleeq); Balochi: خان; Bulgarian: хан, ''khan''; Chuvash: хун, ''hun''; Arabic: خان; bn, খান or ) () is a historic Turko-Mongol title originating among nomadic tribes in the Central and Eastern Eurasian Steppe to refer to a chief or ruler. It first appears among the Rouran and then the Göktürks as a variant of khagan (sovereign, emperor) and implied a subordinate ruler. In the Seljuk Empire, it was the highest noble title, ranking above malik (king) and emir (prince). In the Mongol Empire it signified the ruler of a horde (''ulus''), while the ruler of all the Mongols was the khagan or great khan. The title subsequently de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sasibuqa
Sasibuqa ( mn, Сатибуха; kk, Сасы Бұқа хан; 1309–1315?) was the Khan of White Horde. He was one of Bayan's four sons. The rulers of the White Horde or the Left wing of the Golden horde issued decrees with the name of Khan in Sarai, though, they were reigning largely independent. Because he resisted Uzbeg Khan's Islamicization policy, Sasibuqa might have been executed in 1315. Genealogy *Genghis Khan *Jochi *Orda Khan *Sartaqtay *Köchü Khüchü (or Köchü, Konchi, Konichi) was the Khan (title), Khan of the White Horde between c. 1280–1302. He was the eldest son of Sartaqtay and Qujiyan of the Qongirat and a grandson of Orda Khan. Marco Polo says Köchü had a vast numbe ... * Bayan *Sasibuqa See also * List of Khans of the Golden Horde Nomadic groups in Eurasia Khans of the White Horde 14th-century Mongol rulers Borjigin {{Kazakhstan-bio-stub kk:Сасы Бұқа хан ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bayan (khan)
Bayan (or Buyan; Naiyan) ( kk, Баян хан) (r. 1302–1309) was one of the most famous khans of White Horde. "Bayan" means "wikt:rich, rich" and "buyan" means "good deed/act" (as in religion or belief) in the Kazakh language. When Bayan became the khan, his cousin and relatives revolted against him. The latter, under his cousin Kobluk, were supported by Kaidu, Khaidu and Duwa. Bayan fought his rebel cousin, Koblek, and Kaidu's forces several times. He asked help from Tokhta, ruler of the Golden Horde and the Blue Horde. Tokhta was angry with the situation, and warned Khaidu not to help the rebels. Buyan also tried to ally with Temür Khan of the Yuan dynasty, the suzerain of Mongol Empire, against the Chagatai Khanate and Khaidu. But the distance between them made it ineffective. Finally, Bayan defeated his enemies and ruled his Horde till 1309. It is claimed that Circassians, Russians and Hungarian people, Hungarians (probably Bashkirs) served in his army. Howorth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Köchü
Khüchü (or Köchü, Konchi, Konichi) was the Khan (title), Khan of the White Horde between c. 1280–1302. He was the eldest son of Sartaqtay and Qujiyan of the Qongirat and a grandson of Orda Khan. Marco Polo says Köchü had a vast number of people, but he carried on no war with anybody, and his people lived in great tranquility. Since 1280 he sent friendly letter to Kublai Khan, and the Yuan dynasty rewarded him a large amount of grains and other valuable things of China in turn for his alliance. According to Rashid-al-Din Hamadani, he also kept a very friendly relationship with his relatives, the Ilkhanate, in Persia. According to Rashid al-Din Hamadani, Köchü allied with Kaidu. Köchü possessed the territory of Ghazna and Bamiyan under the suzerainty of either the Chagatayid Khans or the Ilkhan.Stanley Lane-Poole-The Mohammedan Dynasties, p. 227. However, he proved his alliance and refused when Baraq (Chagatai Khan), Baraq, ruler of Chagatai Khanate, demanded him to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orda Khan
Orda Ichen ( Mongolian: c. 1206 – 1251) was a Mongol Khan and military strategist who ruled the eastern part of the Golden Horde (division of the Mongol Empire) during the 13th century. First Khan of the White Horde Orda Ichen (-1251 CE) is credited for founding the White Horde; he was the eldest son of Jochi and the first grandson of Genghis Khan. At the death of his father and grandfather, Orda Khan inherited the Eastern portions of his father's lands; while he was the elder, he nevertheless agreed that his younger brother Batu Khan ruled the whole Golden Horde (also known as the Jochid Ulus). This mainly consisted of the territories between Lake Balkhash and the Volga river; it was in these lands that Orda eventually founded the White Horde. West of the Volga river were the lands of his younger brother Batu, who became the first ruler of the Blue Horde and the supreme khan of the Golden Horde. Güyük Khan ordered Temuge Otchigin, who tried to illegally usurp th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jochi
Jochi Khan ( Mongolian: mn, Зүчи, ; kk, Жошы, Joşy جوشى; ; crh, Cuçi, Джучи, جوچى; also spelled Juchi; Djochi, and Jöchi c. 1182– February 1227) was a Mongol army commander who was the eldest son of Temüjin (aka Genghis Khan), and presumably one of the four sons by his principal wife Börte, though issues concerning his paternity followed him throughout his life. An accomplished military leader, he participated in his father's conquest of Central Asia, along with his brothers and uncles. Early life There is some question as to Jochi's true paternity. Shortly after Börte's marriage to Temüjin (later to become Genghis Khan), she was abducted by members of the Mergid confederation. She was given to a certain Chilger Bökh, who was the brother of the Yehe Chiledu, as a spoil of war. She remained in Chilger Bökh's captivity for a few months before she was recovered by Temüjin. Shortly afterwards she gave birth to Jochi. By all accounts, Temüji ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tini Beg
Tini Beg ( tt-Arab, تينه بك), also known as Dinibeg, was the khan of the Golden Horde from 1341 to 1342. Biography He was born to Öz Beg Khan and his principal wife Taydula Khatun. He was appointed as governor of White Horde in c. 1328. Muslim sources such as Ibn Battuta claimed that he was the most favored son of Ozbeg and was designated as heir. He became the expected heir after his elder brother Timur Beg's death in 1330. The poet Qutb translated Nizami's " Khosrow and Shirin" for Tini Beg and his wife Malika Khatun. During his reign Volhynia was lost to Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Tini Beg was away, fighting against Chagatai raiders on the eastern border or White Horde of Jochid ulus, when his father Öz Beg died in 1341. Tini Beg's younger brother Jani Beg served as regent, aided by their mother Taydula Khatun. In obscure circumstances, Jani Beg had another of Öz Beg's sons, Khiḍr Beg, killed. When Taydula heard that Tini Beg was on his way back to the court in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilbasan
:'' ''İlbasan'' was the Ottoman Turkish name of Elbasan, Albania'' Ilbasan or Erzen ( kz, Ерзен хан) was the ruler of White Horde from 1310/15 to 1320. During his reign, an increase in the cities, trade, and craft occurred in the Horde. After determining the boundaries of his Horde, Ilbasan appointed his deputies. Islam was used as an instrument to strengthen authority. He died in 1320.H. H. Howorth. ''History of the Mongols'', part II, div. 1, p. 221. Genealogy *Genghis Khan *Jochi *Orda Khan *Sartaqtay *Köchü * Bayan *Sasibuqa Sasibuqa ( mn, Сатибуха; kk, Сасы Бұқа хан; 1309–1315?) was the Khan of White Horde. He was one of Bayan's four sons. The rulers of the White Horde or the Left wing of the Golden horde issued decrees with the name of ... *Ilbasan See also * List of Khans of the Golden Horde References Nomadic groups in Eurasia Khans of the White Horde 14th-century Mongol rulers Borjigin 1320 deaths Year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarai (city)
Sarai (also transcribed as ''Saraj'' or ''Saray'', from Persian ''sarāy'', "mansion" or "court") was the name of possibly two cities near the lower Volga, that served successively as the effective capitals of the Golden Horde, a Turco-Mongol kingdom which ruled much of Northwestern Asia and Eastern Europe, in the 13th and 14th centuries. There is considerable disagreement among scholars about the correspondence between specific archaeological sites and the various references to ''Sarāy'', ''Sarāy-i Bātū'' ("the Sarai of Batu"), ''Sarāy-i Barka'' ("the Sarai of Berke"), ''Sarāy al-Jadīd'' ("New Sarai"), and ''Sarāy al-Maḥrūsah'' ("Sarai Blessed y God) in the historical sources. Old Sarai "Old Sarai" was established by the Mongol ruler Batu Khan (1227-1255), as indicated by both occasional references to the "Sarai of Batu" ("Sarai Batu", ''Sarāy-i Bātū'') and an explicit statement of the Franciscan William of Rubruck, who visited Batu in 1253 or 1254, on his way ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
