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Moramide Intermediate
Moramide intermediate (3-methyl-4-morpholin-4-yl-2,2-diphenylbutanoic acid, on International Narcotics Control Board, INCB Yellow List as 2-methyl-3-morpholino-1,1-diphenylpropane carboxylic acid) is a moramide precursor scheduled by United Nations, UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. In the United States, moramide intermediate is designated as a Schedule II controlled substance, and has an ACSCN of 9802. The 2014 annual manufacturing quota was nil. See also * Moramide * Methadone intermediate * Pethidine intermediate A * Pethidine intermediate B (norpethidine) * Pethidine intermediate C (pethidinic acid) References Analgesics 4-Morpholinyl compunds {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Narcotics Control Board
The International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) is an independent treaty body, one of the four treaty-mandated bodies under international drug control law (alongside the Commission on Narcotic Drugs, UNODC on behalf of the Secretary-General, and the WHO). The INCB is responsible for monitoring the control of substances pursuant to the three United Nations drug control conventions and for assisting Member States in their efforts to implement those conventions. It plays an important role in monitoring the production and trade of narcotics and psychotropics, as well as their availability for medical and scientific purposes, and in deciding which precursors should be regulated. History The Board has predecessors since the League of Nations. Following the 1909 Shanghai International Opium Commission, an International Opium Convention was adopted in 1925 and established the ''Permanent Central Opium Board'' (PCOB) which started its work in 1928. Later on, the 1931 Convention cre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moramide
Racemoramide (INN, BAN), or simply moramide, is an opioid analgesic and a racemic mixture of the substances dextromoramide (the active component) and levomoramide (which is inactive), two enantiomers of a chiral molecule. Racemoramide is itself controlled; in the United States it is under Schedule I as a Narcotic with an ACSCN of 9645 and a zero annual aggregate manufacturing quota as of 2014. Its salts are the bitartrate (free base conversion ratio 0.723) and dihydrochloride (0.843) Moramide intermediate Moramide intermediate (3-methyl-4-morpholin-4-yl-2,2-diphenylbutanoic acid, on International Narcotics Control Board, INCB Yellow List as 2-methyl-3-morpholino-1,1-diphenylpropane carboxylic acid) is a moramide precursor scheduled by United Nation ... is listed separately as a Schedule II Narcotic controlled substance (ACSCN 9802), also with a zero quota. References Analgesics 4-Morpholinyl compunds Opioids Propionamides Pyrrolidines {{analgesic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations. It is the world's largest and most familiar international organization. The UN is headquarters of the United Nations, headquartered on extraterritoriality, international territory in New York City, and has other main offices in United Nations Office at Geneva, Geneva, United Nations Office at Nairobi, Nairobi, United Nations Office at Vienna, Vienna, and Peace Palace, The Hague (home to the International Court of Justice). The UN was established after World War II with Dumbarton Oaks Conference, the aim of preventing future world wars, succeeding the League of Nations, which was characterized as ineffective. On 25 April 1945, 50 governments met in San Francisco for United Nations Conference ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Single Convention On Narcotic Drugs
The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961 (Single Convention, 1961 Convention, or C61) is an international treaty that controls activities (cultivation, production, supply, trade, transport) of specific narcotic drugs and lays down a system of regulations (licenses, measures for treatment, research, etc.) for their medical and scientific uses; it also establishes the International Narcotics Control Board. The Single Convention was adopted in 1961 and amended in 1972. As of 2022, the Single Convention as amended has been ratified by 186 countries. The convention has since been supplemented by the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances, which controls LSD, MDMA, and other psychoactive pharmaceuticals, and the 1988 United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances. Ratification The Single Convention as amended in 1972 had been ratified or acceded to by 186 states. Only Chad remained party to the original 1961 Convention ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schedule II Controlled Substance
The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) is the statute establishing federal U.S. drug policy under which the manufacture, importation, possession, use, and distribution of certain substances is regulated. It was passed by the 91st United States Congress as Title II of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 and signed into law by President Richard Nixon. The Act also served as the national implementing legislation for the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. The legislation created five schedules (classifications), with varying qualifications for a substance to be included in each. Two federal agencies, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), determine which substances are added to or removed from the various schedules, although the statute passed by Congress created the initial listing. Congress has sometimes scheduled other substances through legislation such as the Hillory J. Farias and Samantha Reid Date-Ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moramide
Racemoramide (INN, BAN), or simply moramide, is an opioid analgesic and a racemic mixture of the substances dextromoramide (the active component) and levomoramide (which is inactive), two enantiomers of a chiral molecule. Racemoramide is itself controlled; in the United States it is under Schedule I as a Narcotic with an ACSCN of 9645 and a zero annual aggregate manufacturing quota as of 2014. Its salts are the bitartrate (free base conversion ratio 0.723) and dihydrochloride (0.843) Moramide intermediate Moramide intermediate (3-methyl-4-morpholin-4-yl-2,2-diphenylbutanoic acid, on International Narcotics Control Board, INCB Yellow List as 2-methyl-3-morpholino-1,1-diphenylpropane carboxylic acid) is a moramide precursor scheduled by United Nation ... is listed separately as a Schedule II Narcotic controlled substance (ACSCN 9802), also with a zero quota. References Analgesics 4-Morpholinyl compunds Opioids Propionamides Pyrrolidines {{analgesic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methadone Intermediate
Methadone intermediate is a methadone precursor scheduled by UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. It is a Schedule II Narcotic controlled substance in the United States and has an ACSCN of 9254. The 2014 annual manufacturing quota was 32 875 kilos.http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/quotas/conv_factor/index.html See also * Moramide intermediate * Pethidine intermediate A * Pethidine intermediate B (norpethidine) * Pethidine intermediate C Pethidinic acid (meperidinic acid, pethidine intermediate C) is a 4-phenylpiperidine derivative that is both a metabolite of and a precursor to pethidine (meperidine). It is scheduled by UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. It is a Schedule ... (pethidinic acid) References Synthetic opioids Drug rehabilitation Dimethylamino compounds {{analgesic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pethidine Intermediate A
Pethidine intermediate A is a 4-phenylpiperidine derivative that is a Precursor (chemistry), precursor to the opioid analgesic drug pethidine (meperidine). It is not known to have any analgesic activity in its own right, however other derivatives of pethidine with a 4-cyano group in place of the carboxylate ethyl ester have been found to be active, so pethidine intermediate A might also show opioid effects. It is scheduled by United Nations, UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. It is a Schedule II Narcotic controlled substance in the United States and has an ACSCN of 9232. The 2014 annual manufacturing quota was 6 grammes (as an end product, presumably for research use). See also * Moramide intermediate * Methadone intermediate * Pethidine intermediate B (norpethidine) * Pethidine intermediate C (pethidinic acid) References {{Reflist, 2 Synthetic opioids 4-Phenylpiperidines Nitriles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pethidine Intermediate B
Norpethidine (normeperidine, pethidine intermediate B) is a 4-phenylpiperidine derivative that is both a precursor to, and the toxic metabolite of, pethidine (meperidine). It is scheduled by UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. It is a Schedule II Narcotic controlled substance in the United States and has an ACSCN of 9233. The 2014 annual manufacturing quota was . Norpethidine is a controlled drug because of its potential uses in manufacturing both pethidine itself and a range of ''N''-substituted derivatives, but it has little opioid activity in its own right. Instead, norpethidine acts as a stimulant and causes convulsions. Bioaccumulation of norpethidine is a major complication when pethidine is used in medicine as an analgesic, as when pethidine is used in high doses or administered by intravenous infusion, norpethidine can accumulate in the body at a faster rate than it is being excreted, particularly in elderly patients or those with compromised liver or kidney fun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pethidine Intermediate C
Pethidinic acid (meperidinic acid, pethidine intermediate C) is a 4-phenylpiperidine derivative that is both a metabolite of and a precursor to pethidine (meperidine). It is scheduled by UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. It is a Schedule II Narcotic controlled substance in the United States and has an ACSCN of 9234. The 2014 annual manufacturing quota was 6 grams. Pethidinic acid is a controlled drug because of its potential uses in manufacturing both pethidine itself and some of its substituted derivatives, but it has little opioid activity in its own right. Metabolism of pethidine to pethidinic acid is carried out mainly by the carboxylesterase enzyme hCE-1 in the liver, and since the activity of this enzyme can vary between individuals, the rate and extent of pethidinic acid production can vary. Frank Wätjen used pethidinic acid as a precursor chemical to a heterocyclic moiety. See also * Moramide intermediate * Methadone intermediate * Pethidine intermediate A * P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Analgesics
An analgesic drug, also called simply an analgesic (American English), analgaesic (British English), pain reliever, or painkiller, is any member of the group of drugs used to achieve relief from pain (that is, analgesia or pain management). It is typically used to induce cooperation with a medical procedure. Analgesics are conceptually distinct from anesthetics, which temporarily reduce, and in some instances eliminate, sensation, although analgesia and anesthesia are neurophysiologically overlapping and thus various drugs have both analgesic and anesthetic effects. Analgesic choice is also determined by the type of pain: For neuropathic pain, traditional analgesics are less effective, and there is often benefit from classes of drugs that are not normally considered analgesics, such as tricyclic antidepressants and anticonvulsants. Various analgesics, such as many NSAIDs, are available over the counter in most countries, whereas various others are prescription drugs owing to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
