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Monopterus Roseni
''Monopterus'' is a genus of swamp eels native to Asia. They live in various freshwater habitats and some have a fossorial lifestyle.Britz, R., Doherty-Bone, T.M., Kouete, M.T., Sykes, D. & Gower, D.J. (2016)''Monopterus luticolus'', a new species of swamp eel from Cameroon (Teleostei: Synbranchidae). ''Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 27 (4): 309-323.'' Species Four recognized species are placed in this genus: * '' M. albus'' ( Zuiew, 1793) (Asian swamp eel) * ''M. bicolor'' H. D. Nguyễn & V. H. Nguyễn, 2005 * ''M. dienbienensis'' V. H. Nguyễn & H. D. Nguyễn, 2005 * ''M. javanensis'' Lacépède, 1800 Six species from South Asia (''M. cuchia'', '' M. desilvai'', ''M. hodgarti'', ''M. fossorius'', ''M. ichthyophoides'', and '' M. indicus'') have been reclassified to the genus ''Ophichthys''. Four fossorial or subterranean species (''M. digressus'', '' M. eapeni'', '' M. rongsaw'', and ''M. roseni'') from India have been reclassified to the genus ''Rakthamicht ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernard Germain Étienne De La Ville-sur-Illon, Comte De Lacépède
Bernard (''Bernhard'') is a French and West Germanic masculine given name. It is also a surname. The name is attested from at least the 9th century. West Germanic ''Bernhard'' is composed from the two elements ''bern'' "bear" and ''hard'' "brave, hardy". Its native Old English reflex was ''Beornheard'', which was replaced by the French form ''Bernard'' that was brought to England after the Norman Conquest. The name ''Bernhard'' was notably popular among Old Frisian speakers. Its wider use was popularized due to Saint Bernhard of Clairvaux (canonized in 1174). Bernard is the second most common surname in France. Geographical distribution As of 2014, 42.2% of all known bearers of the surname ''Bernard'' were residents of France (frequency 1:392), 12.5% of the United States (1:7,203), 7.0% of Haiti (1:382), 6.6% of Tanzania (1:1,961), 4.8% of Canada (1:1,896), 3.6% of Nigeria (1:12,221), 2.7% of Burundi (1:894), 1.9% of Belgium (1:1,500), 1.6% of Rwanda (1:1,745), 1.2% of Germany (1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ophichthys Desilvai
''Ophichthys desilvai'' (lesser swamp eel or Desilvai's blind eel) is a commercially important, air-breathing species of fish in the family Synbranchidae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka and is the only endemic synbranchid from there. Etymology The specific name honours the Sri Lankan herpetologist Pilippu Hewa Don Hemasiri de Silva (b. 1927), who has been director of the National Museums of Ceylon, in recognition to the help and advice he gave to Carl Gans when he was conducting fieldwork in Sri Lanka. Taxonomy It was formerly classified in the genus ''Monopterus'' but a 2020 study reclassified it into the resurrected genus ''Ophichthys'' along with several other former ''Monopterus'' species. Distribution and habitat It is known from swamp areas and paddy fields from the west side of Sri Lanka. Some have been recovered from the Bolgoda swamp, an estuary southwest of Colombo. A 2020 study found specimens in the lowland coastal floodplain on the west side of the island as wel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synbranchidae
The swamp eels (also written "swamp-eels") are a family (Synbranchidae) of freshwater eel-like fishes of the tropics and subtropics. Most species are able to breathe air and typically live in marshes, ponds and damp places, sometimes burying themselves in the mud if the water source dries up. They have various adaptations to suit this lifestyle; they are long and slender, they lack pectoral and pelvic fins, and their dorsal and anal fins are vestigial, making them limbless vertebrates. They lack scales and a swimbladder, and their gills open on the throat in a slit or pore. Oxygen can be absorbed through the lining of the mouth and pharynx, which is rich in blood vessels and acts as a "lung". Although adult swamp eels have virtually no fins, the larvae have large pectoral fins which they use to fan water over their bodies, thus ensuring gas exchange before their adult breathing apparatus develops. When about a fortnight old they shed these fins and assume the adult form. Most spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freshwater Fish Genera
Fresh water or freshwater is any naturally occurring liquid or frozen water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. Although the term specifically excludes seawater and brackish water, it does include non- salty mineral-rich waters such as chalybeate springs. Fresh water may encompass frozen and meltwater in ice sheets, ice caps, glaciers, snowfields and icebergs, natural precipitations such as rainfall, snowfall, hail/ sleet and graupel, and surface runoffs that form inland bodies of water such as wetlands, ponds, lakes, rivers, streams, as well as groundwater contained in aquifers, subterranean rivers and lakes. Fresh water is the water resource that is of the most and immediate use to humans. Water is critical to the survival of all living organisms. Many organisms can thrive on salt water, but the great majority of higher plants and most insects, amphibians, reptiles, mammals and birds need fresh water to survive. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monopterus
''Monopterus'' is a genus of swamp eels native to Asia. They live in various freshwater habitats and some have a fossorial lifestyle.Britz, R., Doherty-Bone, T.M., Kouete, M.T., Sykes, D. & Gower, D.J. (2016)''Monopterus luticolus'', a new species of swamp eel from Cameroon (Teleostei: Synbranchidae). ''Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 27 (4): 309-323.'' Species Four recognized species are placed in this genus: * ''Monopterus albus, M. albus'' (Vasily Fyodorovich Zuyev, Zuiew, 1793) (Asian swamp eel) * ''M. bicolor'' Nguyễn Hữu Dực, H. D. Nguyễn & Nguyễn Văn Hảo, V. H. Nguyễn, 2005 * ''M. dienbienensis'' V. H. Nguyễn & H. D. Nguyễn, 2005 * ''M. javanensis'' Bernard Germain Étienne de La Ville-sur-Illon, comte de Lacépède, Lacépède, 1800 Six species from South Asia (''M. cuchia'', ''Ophichthys desilvai, M. desilvai'', ''M. hodgarti'', ''M. fossorius'', ''M. ichthyophoides'', and ''Ophichthys indicus, M. indicus'') have been reclassified to the ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Typhlosynbranchus
''Typhlosynbranchus'' is a genus of swamp eels that are native to West and Central Africa. It contains two species that were formerly classified in the primarily Asian genus ''Monopterus.'' Taxonomy The genus was originally formed by Jacques Pellegrin in 1922 for the Liberian swamp eel, but later studies synonymized it with ''Monopterus''. However, a 2020 study found significant divergence between the two taxa and revived the genus for ''M. boueti'' and the recently described ''M. luticolus''. Species One of the two species, ''T. boueti'', is primarily found in aquatic environments, while the other (''T. luticolus'') has a fossorial lifestyle in inundated soil. * ''Typhlosynbranchus boueti ('' Pellegrin, 1922) (Liberian swamp eel) * ''Typhlosynbranchus luticolus ''Typhlosynbranchus'' is a genus of swamp eels that are native to West and Central Africa. It contains two species that were formerly classified in the primarily Asian genus ''Monopterus.'' Taxonomy The genu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Typhlosynbranchus Boueti
The Liberian swamp eel (''Typhlosynbranchus boueti'') is a species of fish in the family Synbranchidae. It is indigenous to Liberia. It has also been found in Sierra Leone, with an unconfirmed report from Côte d'Ivoire. It was first described by Jacques Pellegrin in 1922 as ''Typhlosynbranchus boueti'', but was later moved to ''Monopterus''. However, a 2020 study revived ''Typhlosynbranchus''. Due to the deficiency in data, the species has not been classified with respect to endangerment. Description Liberian swamp eels, like other eels, have an elongated, naked, cylindrical body. The body of the eel tapers to a point and can be described as whip-like. They grow to be at most in length, with the caudal portion (tail end) of the body being approximately of the overall length of the body. The eyes are atrophied and set deep under the skin making them difficult to discern. The teeth are conical and found affixed to the jaw and palate. The gills of the fish open only slightly and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area.Sayre, April Pulley (1999), ''Africa'', Twenty-First Century Books. . With billion people as of , it accounts for about of the world's human population. Africa's population is the youngest amongst all the continents; the median age in 2012 was 19.7, when the worldwide median age was 30.4. Despite a wide range of natural resources, Africa is the least wealthy continent per capita and second-least wealthy by total wealth, behind Oceania. Scholars have attributed this to different factors including geography, climate, tribalism, colonialism, the Cold War, neocolonialism, lack of democracy, and corruption. Despite this low concentration of wealth, recent economic expansion and the large and young population make Afr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rakthamichthys
''Rakthamichthys'' is a genus of swamp eels that are endemic to India. Three species are known from the Western Ghats and one is known from Northeast India. All species live underground, with one species (''R. rongsaw'') having a fossorial lifestyle and three species (''R. digressus'', ''R. roseni'', and ''R. indicus'') being troglobitic in nature. All species display adaptations to this lifestyle, including a bright red coloration and highly reduced eyes. Taxonomy All four species were formerly classified in the genus ''Monopterus'' until a 2020 study found significant genetic and osteological differences between them and the rest of ''Monopterus'', including unique and highly divergent characteristics in the gill arch skeleton. This led to the species being classified in a new genus ''Rakthamichthys'', with "raktham" meaning "blood-red" in Malayalam, as a reference to their distinctive coloration. Species * ''Rakthamichthys digressus'' (K. C. Gopi, 2002) (blind eel) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Modern humans arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa no later than 55,000 years ago., "Y-Chromosome and Mt-DNA data support the colonization of South Asia by modern humans originating in Africa. ... Coalescence dates for most non-European populations average to between 73–55 ka.", "Modern human beings—''Homo sapiens''—originated in Africa. Then, int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rakthamichthys Rongsaw
''Rakthamichthys rongsaw'' is a species of swamp eel discovered in the Khasi Hills in northeast India. The researchers were searching for caecilians, when they uncovered the eel in soil. Taxonomy It was formerly classified in the genus ''Monopterus'' until a 2020 study found it to group with three other subterranean ''Monopterus'' species from the Western Ghats, all of which displayed significant genetic and osteological differences from any other species in ''Monopterus''. Due to this, all species were classified in the new genus ''Rakthamichthys''. Description Only one eel has been identified to date, the specimen was approximately long. The eel is also absent from skin pigmentation and has 92 precaudal and 69 caudal vertebra The spinal column, a defining synapomorphy shared by nearly all vertebrates,Hagfish are believed to have secondarily lost their spinal column is a moderately flexible series of vertebrae (singular vertebra), each constituting a characteristic i . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bombay Swamp Eel
The Bombay swamp eel (''Ophichthys indicus''), also known as the paytop in Marathi, is a species of fish in the family Synbranchidae. It is endemic to the state of Maharashtra in India. Taxonomy It was at first classified in the genus ''Amphipnous'', but it was later moved to ''Monopterus''. However a 2020 study found it to form a distinct clade with about 4 other species also previously classified in ''Monopterus'', and the genus ''Ophichthys'' was thus revived to contain them. Distribution This species is thought to be endemic to the northern Western Ghats of India, in the state of Maharashtra. It is currently known from 5-10 localities: Robber's Cave and Dhobi Falls in Mahabaleshwar, Kanheri Falls near Kanheri Caves in Mumbai, and the Tamhini and Tail Baila areas in Pune. However, it is thought to occur in other localities as well. Habitat The species inhabits swamps and marshy areas associated with hill streams. During the early part of the monsoon season, adult ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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