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Miorița
"Miorița" (ad. ''mioriță'', lit. 'The Little Ewe Lamb'), also transliterated as "Mioritza", is an old Romanian pastoral ballad considered to be one of the most important pieces of Romanian folklore. It has numerous versions with quite different content, but the literary version by poet Vasile Alecsandri (1850) is the best known and praised. This had erstwhile been the oldest known written text, arousing suspicion that the poet may have authored it entirely, until the discovery was made of a version from the 1790s. Etymology The Romanian word ''mioriță'', with diminutive suffix ''-ița'', is the diminutive form of ' meaning 'ewe lamb', therefore, the literal meaning is "little ewe lamb". Some have translated the title as "The Lambkin". Summary A summary adhering to the plotline of Alecsandri's poem is as follows: Three shepherds, one a Moldovan, another a Transylvanian () and the third a Wallachian/ Vrancean, meet while tending their flocks of sheep. In the Moldovan's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zburător
''Zburător'' or ''sburător'' (Romanian word meaning 'flyer') is a supernatural being in Romanian folklore, described as a "roving spirit who makes love to maidens by night". General description The zburător is also likened to an incubus, and described as a malevolent demon active in a "oniric-erotic" manner, i.e., visiting women in their dreams in the guise of a handsome young man. The zburător is otherwise referred to as a ''zmeu'' (another dragon-like creature) in some regions, though perhaps perceived to have more human-like aspects than the zmeu. History of lore Dimitrie Cantemir, writing about the myth concerning it in '' Descriptio Moldaviae'' (1714–1716). stated that the "zburator" meant "flyer" ( la, ), and according to the beliefs of the Moldavan it was "a ghost, a young, handsome man who comes in the middle of the night at women, especially recently married ones and does indecent things with them, although he cannot be seen by other people, not even by the one ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Folklore Of Romania
The folklore of Romania is the collection of traditions of the Romanians. A feature of Romanian culture is the special relationship between folklore and the learned culture, determined by two factors. First, the rural character of the Romanian communities resulted in an exceptionally vital and creative traditional culture. Folk creations (the best known is the ballad Miorița) were the main literary genre until the 18th century. They were both a source of inspiration for cultivated creators and a structural model. Second, for a long time learned culture was governed by official and social commands and developed around courts of princes and boyars, as well as in monasteries. Overview Creation of the world Stories suggest God made the earth with the help of animals, while the Devil was trying to thwart his plans.Cosma, Aurel. ''Cosmogonia poporului român'' (The Cosmogony of the Romanian People) (1942). Bucharest: Tipografia Ziarului "Universul".Leeming, David Adams. ''Creation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasile Alecsandri
Vasile Alecsandri (; 21 July 182122 August 1890) was a Romanian patriot, poet, dramatist, politician and diplomat. He was one of the key figures during the 1848 revolutions in Moldavia and Wallachia. He fought for the unification of the Romanian Principalities, writing "Hora Unirii" in 1856 and giving up his candidacy for the title of prince of Moldavia, in favor of Alexandru Ioan Cuza. He became the first minister of foreign affairs of Romania and was one of the founding members of the Romanian Academy. Alecsandri was a prolific writer, contributing to Romanian literature with poetry, prose, several plays, and collections of Romanian folklore, being considered, alongside Mihai Eminescu, which admired and was inspired by the writings of Alecsandri, as one of the most important Romanian writers in the second half of the 19th century. Early life Origins and childhood Alecsandri was born in the Moldavian town of Bacău and he was of Greek origin. His parents were Vasile Alecsandri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alecu Russo
Alecu Russo (March 17, 1819 near Chișinău – February 5, 1859 in Iași), was a Moldavian Romanian writer, literary critic and publicist. Russo is credited with having discovered one of the most elaborate forms of the Romanian national folk ballad '' Miorița''. He was also a contributor to the Iași periodical ''Zimbrul'', in which he published one of his best-known works, ''Studie Moldovană'' ("Moldovan Studies"), in 1851–1852. He also wrote ''Iașii și locuitorii lui în 1840'' ("Iași and its inhabitants in 1840"), a glimpse into Moldavian society during the ''Organic Statute'' administration, and two travel accounts (better described as folklore studies), ''Piatra Teiului'' and ''Stânca Corbului''. Russo is also notable for his ''Amintiri'' ("Recollections"), a memoir, and for the prose poem . Both these works appeared in 1855 in Vasile Alecsandri's literary magazine, România Literară ''România Literară'' is a cultural and literary magazine from Romania. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and the Black Sea to the southeast. It has a predominantly Temperate climate, temperate-continental climate, and an area of , with a population of around 19 million. Romania is the List of European countries by area, twelfth-largest country in Europe and the List of European Union member states by population, sixth-most populous member state of the European Union. Its capital and largest city is Bucharest, followed by Iași, Cluj-Napoca, Timișoara, Constanța, Craiova, Brașov, and Galați. The Danube, Europe's second-longest river, rises in Germany's Black Forest and flows in a southeasterly direction for , before emptying into Romania's Danube Delta. The Carpathian Mountains, which cross Roma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doina
The doina () is a Romanian musical tune style, possibly with Middle Eastern roots, customary in Romanian peasant music, as well as in Lăutărească. It was also adopted into klezmer music. Similar tunes are found throughout Eastern Europe and the Balkans. In some parts of the Balkans this kind of music is referred to as or . Origins and characteristics Béla Bartók discovered the ''doina'' in Northern Transylvania in 1912 and he believed it to be uniquely Romanian. After he found similar genres in Ukraine, Albania, Algeria, Middle East and Northern India, he came to the belief that these are part of a family of related genres of Arabo-Persian origin. He particularly linked the Romanian doina to the Turkish/Arabic ''Makam'' system. Bartók's conclusions were rejected by some Romanian ethnomusicologists, who accused Bartók of anti-Romanian bias. Nevertheless, the similarities between the Romanian ''doina'' and various musical forms from the Middle East have been subsequently d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Călinescu
George Călinescu (; 19 June 1899, Bucharest – 12 March 1965, Otopeni) was a Romanian literary critic, historian, novelist, academician and journalist, and a writer of classicist and humanist tendencies. He is currently considered one of the most important Romanian literary critics of all time, alongside Titu Maiorescu and Eugen Lovinescu, and is one of the outstanding figures of Romanian literature in the 20th century. Biography Early childhood George Călinescu was born Gheorghe Vișan on 14 June 1899, the son of a housekeeper, Maria Vișan; the child was brought up by his mother's employers, Constantin Călinescu, a worker for Romanian State Railways, and his wife Maria, in their house in Bucharest. The Călinescu family, along with their housekeeper and the child, moved first to Botoșani, then to Iași, where Gheorghe Vișan, the future writer, matriculated at the școala "Carol I" (affiliated to the Boarding High School). In 1907, Maria Vișan accepted the Călinescus' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pulitzer Prize
The Pulitzer Prize () is an award for achievements in newspaper, magazine, online journalism, literature, and musical composition within the United States. It was established in 1917 by provisions in the will of Joseph Pulitzer, who had made his fortune as a newspaper publisher, and is administered by Columbia University. Prizes are awarded annually in twenty-one categories. In twenty of the categories, each winner receives a certificate and a US$15,000 cash award (raised from $10,000 in 2017). The winner in the public service category is awarded a gold medal. Entry and prize consideration The Pulitzer Prize does not automatically consider all applicable works in the media, but only those that have specifically been entered. (There is a $75 entry fee, for each desired entry category.) Entries must fit in at least one of the specific prize categories, and cannot simply gain entrance for being literary or musical. Works can also be entered only in a maximum of two categories, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grigore Nandriș
Grigore Nandriș (born January 17, 1895, Mahala, Austro-Hungarian Empire - d. March 2, 1968, Kew, United Kingdom) was a Romanian linguist, philologist and memorialist, professor at Chernivtsi, Kraków and Oxford Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. In 2020, its population was estimated at 151,584. It is north-west of London, south-east of Birmingham and north-east of Bristol. The city is home to the .... References External links * http://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-diaspora-7658525-video-nandris-destinul-unei-familii-tarani-romani-20-ani-siberia-efectul-diaspora.htm * https://archive.org/details/ColloquialRumanianByGrigoreNandris.GrammarExercisesReaderVocabulary.A * https://www.google.de/search?hl=ro&tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Grigore+Nandri%C5%9F%22&gws_rd=cr&ei=y4WaWafyA4KNUczvgeAF * https://audiovis.nac.gov.pl/obraz/90756/ * http://bojariu.tripod.com/nandris.htm People from Chernivtsi Oblast Romanian philologists 189 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Stanley, 3rd Baron Stanley Of Alderley
Henry Edward John Stanley, 3rd Baron Stanley of Alderley and 2nd Baron Eddisbury or Abdul Rahman Stanley, (11 July 1827 – 11 December 1903), was a British historian who translated ''The first voyage round the world by Magellan'' and other works from the Age of Discovery. A convert to Islam, in 1869 Lord Stanley became the first Muslim member of the House of Lords. Life In or before 1859, Stanley converted to Islam and may have adopted the name Abdul Rahman. He likely converted to Islam while traveling in the Islamosphere in the 1850s, as well as having conducting his Hajj to Mecca. Lord Stanley was the first Muslim member of the House of Lords, inheriting his titles in 1869 upon the death of his father, Edward John Stanley, 2nd Baron Stanley of Alderley. His mother, Henrietta Stanley, Baroness Stanley of Alderley, was an English educationist, while his sister Katharine was the mother of Bertrand Russell. His younger brother Edward Lyulph Stanley succeeded him. As alcohol i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eustace Clare Grenville Murray
Eustace Clare Grenville Murray (182420 December 1881) was an English journalist. Life Murray was the illegitimate son of Richard Grenville, second duke of Buckingham and Chandos. Born in 1824, he matriculated from Magdalen Hall, Oxford, on 1 March 1848, and was entered a student of the Inner Temple in 1850. Diplomat He attracted the notice of Lord Palmerston at an early age, entered the diplomatic service at Palmerston's instigation, and was sent as an attaché to the embassy at Vienna on 14 July 1851. At the same time, Murray entered into an agreement with the ''Morning Post,'' by which he undertook to act as Vienna correspondent. Such a contravention of the usages of the foreign office was by an accident brought to the notice of the British ambassador, Lord Westmorland, by whom Murray, though protected against dismissal by the interest of Palmerston, was ostracised from the British chancery. On 7 April 1852, he was temporarily transferred to Hanover, and on 19 October 1852, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bessarabia
Bessarabia (; Gagauz: ''Besarabiya''; Romanian: ''Basarabia''; Ukrainian: ''Бессара́бія'') is a historical region in Eastern Europe, bounded by the Dniester river on the east and the Prut river on the west. About two thirds of Bessarabia lies within modern-day Moldova, with the Ukrainian Budjak region covering the southern coastal region and part of the Ukrainian Chernivtsi Oblast covering a small area in the north. In the aftermath of the Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812), and the ensuing Peace of Bucharest, the eastern parts of the Principality of Moldavia, an Ottoman vassal, along with some areas formerly under direct Ottoman rule, were ceded to Imperial Russia. The acquisition was among the Empire's last territorial acquisitions in Europe. The newly acquired territories were organised as the Bessarabia Governorate of the Russian Empire, adopting a name previously used for the southern plains between the Dniester and the Danube rivers. Following the Crimean War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
