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Minister Of Armaments (France)
The Minister of Armaments and War Production (french: Ministre de l'Armement et des fabrications de guerre) was a position in the France cabinet during World War I (1914–18), and the Minister of Armaments (french: Ministre à l’Armement} was a cabinet post during and after World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ... (1939–45). Ministers Sub-Secretaries of State References Sources * * * * * * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Armaments, Minister of Government ministries of France 1916 establishments in France ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Thomas (minister)
Albert Thomas (16 June 1878 – 7 May 1932) was a prominent French Socialist and the first Minister of Armament for the French Third Republic during World War I. Following the Treaty of Versailles, he was nominated as the first Director General of the International Labour Office, a position he held until his death in 1932. As Director-General, he was succeeded by Harold Butler. Early years He was born at Champigny-sur-Marne on 16 June 1878. In 1898, he entered the École Normale Supérieure, where he studied history and won a travelling scholarship which enabled him to visit Russia. Other educational distinctions followed, including degrees in literature and history at the University of Paris. In 1904, Thomas was both appointed to the editorial staff of ''L'humanité'' and elected a municipal councillor for Champigny, where, eight years later he was elected mayor. As a journalist, Thomas wrote for ''L'information'' and the ''Revue socialiste'' founded the ''Revue syndicaliste' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Loucheur
Louis Loucheur (12 August 1872 in Roubaix, Nord (French department), Nord – 22 November 1931 in Paris) was a French politician in the French Third Republic, Third Republic, at first a member of the conservative Republican Federation, then of the Democratic Republican Alliance and of the Independent Radicals. Harold Nicolson, in "Curzon The Last Phase 1919-1921," wrote, in his biographical footnote on Loucheur, "one of the most reasonable and intelligent of French post-war experts; not a politician." Life Coming from a background in the arms industry, Loucheur became Minister of Armaments (France), Minister of Armaments in September 1917. He was administrator of Tréfileries et Laminoirs du Havre (TLH) when he was appointed Minister of Armaments. He replaced Albert Thomas (minister), Albert Thomas and served as armaments minister until 26 November, 1918 when he became Minister of Industrial Re-construction where he remained until 20 January, 1920. He was the principal econom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raoul Dautry
Raoul Dautry (16 September 1880 – 21 August 1951) was a French engineer, business leader and politician. He was born on 16 September 1880 at Montluçon in the department of Allier; he died on 21 August 1951 at Lourmarin in the department of Vaucluse. Education and career After graduating from the École Polytechnique in 1900, he began a career with the railway company, Chemin de Fer du Nord. In 1914, during World War I, he set up a railway routing system which enabled reinforcements to be transferred to the front for the Battle of the Marne. It was under his direction that a new track was laid in a hundred days from Beauvais to the front. He held a number of important posts in the railways. He was director general of the Chemins de fer de l'État (State Railways) from 1928 to 1937 and when the French National Railways (SNCF) were set up in 1938, he became a member of its governing body. Dautry was Armaments Minister from 20 September 1939 to 16 June 1940 in the governm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Monnet
Jean Omer Marie Gabriel Monnet (; 9 November 1888 – 16 March 1979) was a French civil servant, entrepreneur, diplomat, financier, administrator, and political visionary. An influential supporter of European unity, he is considered one of the founding fathers of the European Union. Jean Monnet has been called "The Father of Europe" by those who see his innovative and pioneering efforts in the 1950s as the key to establishing the European Coal and Steel Community, the predecessor of today's European Union. Although Monnet was never elected to public office, he worked behind the scenes of American and European governments as a well-connected "pragmatic internationalist". For three decades, Jean Monnet and Charles de Gaulle had a multifaceted relationship, at some times cooperative and at other times distrustful, from a first encounter in London during the Battle of France in mid-June 1940 until De Gaulle's death in November 1970. Monnet and De Gaulle have been referred to tog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Tillon
Charles Joseph Tillon (3 July 1897 – 13 January 1993) was a French metal worker, Communist, trade union leader, politician and leader of the French Resistance during World War II (1939–45). Tillon was born into a working-class family and trained as a metal worker. During World War I (1914–18) he was conscripted into the navy. He was a leader in a naval mutiny in 1919, and was sentenced to five years hard labor. Released after two years he returned to factory work. He became active in the French Communist Party and in the trade union movement, rising to senior positions in both. In 1936 he was elected a Deputy in the National Legislature. He lost this position when the Communist Party was outlawed early in 1940, and went underground. After the German occupation of France in June 1940, Tillon became one of the three leaders of the Communist Party and head of the Communist armed Resistance forces. Following the war he was again elected a deputy, and between 1944 and 1946 was in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury
Maurice Jean Marie Bourgès-Maunoury (; 19 August 1914 – 10 February 1993) was a French Radical politician who served as the Prime Minister in the Fourth Republic during 1957. Bourgès-Maunoury was born in Luisant, Eure-et-Loir. He is famous, especially, for fulfilling a prominent ministerial role in the government during the Suez Crisis. Prime minister He became Prime Minister in June 1957. While he was Prime Minister, the French Government achieved Parliamentary ratification of the Treaty of Rome. He was succeeded as Prime Minister in November 1957 by Félix Gaillard. Controversy As minister of Interior, he nominated the controversial Maurice Papon at the head of the Prefecture of Police in 1958, functions which he kept during the 1961 Paris massacre. Death He died in Paris in 1993. Bourgès-Maunoury's Ministry, 13 June – 6 November 1957 *Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury – President of the Council *Christian Pineau – Minister of Foreign Affairs * André Morice â ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jules-Louis Breton
Jules-Louis Breton (1 April 1872 – 2 August 1940) was an inventor and a French politician. He was a representative of the French Assembly, and the proponent of the Breton-Prétot machine, a device developed in France from November 1914, intended to cut a way through barbed wire on the battlefield. It was developed with an engineer named Prétot, but did not progress beyond the experimental stage. Biography Breton was born on 1 April 1872 in Courrières, Pas-de-Calais. He was a Socialist with Anarchist tendencies, and as a Natalist, endeavoured to giving more freedom to women. During World War I he was France's Undersecretary of State for Inventions for National Defense. and later founded and directed the National Research and Invention Ministry.''Irresistible empire'' by Victoria De Grazia p.426 He was also Minister of Hygiene under President Millerand in 1920. Breton was the founder and first director of the National Board of Scientific and Industrial Research and Inven ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Blancho
François () is a French masculine given name and surname, equivalent to the English name Francis. People with the given name * Francis I of France, King of France (), known as "the Father and Restorer of Letters" * Francis II of France, King of France and King consort of Scots (), known as the husband of Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots * François Amoudruz (1926–2020), French resistance fighter * François-Marie Arouet (better known as Voltaire; 1694–1778), French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher *François Aubry (other), several people *François Baby (other), several people * François Beauchemin (born 1980), Canadian ice hockey player for the Anaheim Duck * François Blanc (1806–1877), French entrepreneur and operator of casinos * François Boucher (other), several people * François Caron (other), several people * François Cevert (1944–1973), French racing driver * François Chau (born 1959), Cambodian American acto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georges Gosnat
Georges may refer to: Places *Georges River, New South Wales, Australia *Georges Quay (Dublin) * Georges Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania Other uses *Georges (name) * ''Georges'' (novel), a novel by Alexandre Dumas * "Georges" (song), a 1977 song originally recorded by Pat Simon and covered by Sylvie Vartan *Georges (store), a department store in Melbourne, Australia from 1880 to 1995 * Georges (''Green Card'' character) People with the surname *Eugenia Georges, American anthropologist *Karl Ernst Georges (1806–1895), German classical philologist and lexicographer, known for his edition of Latin-German dictionaries. See also *École secondaire Georges-P.-Vanier, a high school in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada *École secondaire Georges-Vanier in Laval, Quebec, Canada * French cruiser ''Georges Leygues'', commissioned in 1937 * French frigate ''Georges Leygues'' (D640), commissioned in 1979 *George (other) *Georges Creek (other) *Georges Creek Coal and Iron Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Béchard
Paul Béchard (25 December 1899, Alès – 26 April 1982) was a French politician. He represented the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) in the Constituent Assembly elected in 1945, in the National Assembly from 1946 to 1948, from 1951 to 1955 and from 1958 to 1967 and in the Senate from 1955 to 1958. From January 27, 1948 to May 24, 1951 he was Governor of French West Africa. He was the mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well a ... of Alès from 1947 to 1948 and from 1953 to 1965. References 1899 births 1982 deaths People from Alès French Section of the Workers' International politicians Government ministers of France Members of the Constituent Assembly of France (1945) Deputies of the 1st National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
