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Minagara
Minnagara ( grc, Μινναγάρ and Μιννάγαρα) was a city of the Indo-Scythian kingdom, located on the Indus river in modern Pakistan, north of the coastal city of Barbaricum, or along the Narmada river, upstream of Barygaza. There were two cities named Minnagara, one on Indus River delta near Karachi and the other at Narmada River delta near modern Bharuch. Minnagara is mentioned in the 1st century CE Periplus of the Erythraean Sea: :"Beyond this region (Gedrosia), the continent making a wide curve from the east across the depths of the bays, there follows the coast district of Scythia, which lies above toward the north; the whole marshy; from which flows down the river Sinthus, the greatest of all the rivers that flow into the Erythraean Sea, bringing down an enormous volume of water (...) This river has seven mouths, very shallow and marshy, so that they are not navigable, except the one in the middle; at which by the shore, is the market-town, Barbaricum. Be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abiria
''Abiria'' was the country of the Abhiras (today's Ahirs). It is mentioned in the ''Periplus of the Erythraean Sea'' and by Ptolemy in his ''Geographia''. The ''Periplus'' mentions it as ''Aberia'' with the coastal district Syrastrene (modern-day Saurashtra, Gujarat), and Ptolemy locates it above the Indus delta. Location The ''Periplus of the Erythraean Sea'' and ''Geographia'' by Ptolemy locate Abiria between the lower Sindh valley and Kathiawar, apparently in southwest Rajputana and adjoining regions. In the '' Puranas'' however, the domains of the Abhira kings were located in the northwestern region of the Deccan. Mention by Ptolemy ''Abiria'' was mentioned by Ptolemy when he described the territory of the '' ksatrapa'' Chastana: Mention in the ''Periplus of the Erythraean Sea'' Abiria is also mentioned in the 1st century CE ''Periplus of the Erythraean Sea'': "Beyond the gulf of Baraca is that of Barygaza and the coast of the country of Ariaca, which is the begin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chastana
Chashtana (Greek: (epigraphic), ; Brahmi: ; Kharosthi: , ) was a ruler of the Saka Western Satraps in northwestern India during 78-130 CE, when he was the satrap of Ujjain. Name Chashtana's name is attested in the Greek forms () and (), in the Brahmi form () and the Kharosthi form (), which are derived from the Saka name , meaning "master". Reign Among modern scholars, the beginning of the Saka era is widely equated to the ascension of Chashtana (possibly to ''Mahakshatrapa'') in 78 CE. A statue found in Mathura together with statues of the Kushan king Kanishka and Vima Taktu, and bearing the name "Shastana" ( Middle Brahmi script of the Kushan period: ') is often attributed to Chashtana himself."The three letters give us a complete name, which I read as Ṣastana (vide facsimile and cast). Dr. Vogel read it as Mastana but that is incorrect for Ma was always written with a circular or triangular knob below with two slanting lines joining the knob" in Chashtana is ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indo-Scythian
Indo-Scythians (also called Indo-Sakas) were a group of nomadic Iranian peoples of Scythian origin who migrated from Central Asia southward into modern day Pakistan and Northwestern India from the middle of the 2nd century BCE to the 4th century CE. The first Saka king of India was Maues/Moga (1st century BCE) who established Saka power in Gandhara, Pakistan and the Indus Valley. The Indo-Scythians extended their supremacy over north-western India, conquering the Indo-Greeks and other local kingdoms. The Indo-Scythians were apparently subjugated by the Kushan Empire, by either Kujula Kadphises or Kanishka. Yet the Saka continued to govern as satrapies, forming the Northern Satraps and Western Satraps. The power of the Saka rulers started to decline in the 2nd century CE after the Indo-Scythians were defeated by the Satavahana emperor Gautamiputra Satakarni. Indo-Scythian rule in the northwestern Indian subcontinent ceased when the last Western Satrap Rudrasimha III was defeated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ujjain
Ujjain (, Hindustani language, Hindustani pronunciation: Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu, [ʊd͡ːʒɛːn]) is a city in Ujjain district of the States and territories of India, Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is the fifth-largest city in Madhya Pradesh by population and is the public administration, administrative centre of Ujjain district and Ujjain division. It is one of the Hindu pilgrimage centres of Sapta Puri famous for the ''Kumbh Mela'' held there every 12 years. The famous temple of Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga is located in the center of the city. An ancient city situated on the eastern bank of the Shipra River, Ujjain was the most prominent city on the Malwa plateau of central India for much of its history. It emerged as the political centre of central India around 600 BCE. It was the capital of the ancient Avanti (India), Avanti kingdom, one of the sixteen Mahajanapadas. During the 18th century, the city briefly became the capital of Scindia state of the Maratha Empire, when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oraea
Oraea was the name of a sea port near the modern-day city of Ormara, Balochistan province of Pakistan, important in the Hellenistic era in Indian Ocean trade. It is mentioned briefly in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea: :"Beyond the Ommanitic region there is a country also of the Parsidae, of another Kingdom, and the bay of Gedrosia asson: “Gulf of Terabdoi”">Gulf_of_Terabdoi.html" ;"title="asson: “Gulf of Terabdoi">asson: “Gulf of Terabdoi” from the middle of which a cape juts out into the bay. Here there is a river affording an entrance for ships, with a little market-town at the mouth, called ''Oraea'' and back from the place an in-land city, distant a seven days' journey from the sea, in which also is the King's court; it is called ... (probably Rhambacia) [Casson notes the name was inadvertently admitted in the manuscript]. This country yields much wheat, wine, rice and dates; but along the coast there is nothing but bdellium." Periplus, Chap. 38 See also * Mak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barbarice
Barbarikon ( grc, Βαρβαρικόν) was the name of a sea port near the modern-day city of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, important in the ancient era of the Indian subcontinent in Indian Ocean trade. The port is considered one of the premiere ports regarding the interaction between ancient India with the Middle East and Mediterranean world. It comes from the Greek word of the term (also in Latin, ''barbaricum''), designating areas outside the Greco-Roman world. It may have been a translation from Sumerian word Meluhha for the sindh from which the Sanskrit word for barbarian, Mleccha derives. Barbarikon is mentioned briefly in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea: :"This river he Indus">Indus.html" ;"title="he Indus">he Indushas seven mouths, very shallow and marshy, so that they are not navigable, except the one in the middle; at which by the shore, is the market-town, Barbaricum. Before it there lies a small island, and inland behind it is the metropolis of Scythia, Minnagara; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bhambore
Banbhore, Bambhore, Bhanbhore or Bhambhore ( sd, ڀنڀور; ) is a city dating to the 1st century BCE located in modern-day Sindh, Pakistan. The city ruins lie on the N-5 National Highway, east of Karachi. It dates back to the Scytho-Parthian era and was later controlled by Muslims from the 8th to the 13th century, after which it was abandoned. Remains of one of the earliest known mosques in the region dating back to 727 AD are still preserved in the city. In 2004, Department of Archaeology and Museums Pakistan submitted the site for UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Legacy and importance in Sindh On 23 April 2014, Sindh government announced to make a new division (consisting of Thatta, Badin and Sujawal) with the name Bhanbhore Division to highlight historical importance of the site. Location Bhanbhore is situated on the northern bank of Gharo creek, about east of Karachi in the Thatta District of Sindh, Pakistan. The city ruins are located on the N-5 National Highway betwe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Debal
Debal (Urdu, Arabic, sd, ) was an ancient port located near modern Karachi, Pakistan. It is adjacent to the nearby Manora Island and was administered by Mansura, and later Thatta. Etymology In Arabic history books, most notably in the early eighth century accounts of the arrival of Islam in the Indian subcontinent, it was documented as Daybul (Dīwal ~ Dībal ). One view is that the name was derived from Devalaya, meaning abode of God in Sanskrit. According to the ''Chach Nama'', the name ''Dēbal'' is derived from ''Dēwal'', meaning 'temple'. The reason, it says, is because it was the site of a renowned temple. History According to modern archaeologists, Debal was founded in the first century CE, and soon became the most important trading city in Sindh. The port city was home to thousands of Sindhi sailors including the Bawarij. Ibn Hawqal, a tenth-century writer, geographer and chronicler, mentions huts of the city and the dry arid land surrounding the city that supporte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kolachi (port)
Kolachi ( ur, کولاچی ) was also a port located at modern Karachi and the old name of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. According to legends, it was a port developed when an old fisherwoman by the name of Mai Kolachi settled near the delta of the Indus River to start a community. One of the main Flyover (overpass) in Karachi has been named after ''Mai Kolachi''. This settlement was also known as "Kolachi jo Goth" or "the village of the Kolachi".http://www.dawn.com/news/428362, 'From Kolachi to Karachi: the jouney', Dawn newspaper, Published 14 Nov 2008, Retrieved 20 Dec 2016 See also * Dubai * Kulachi (tribe) * Kolachi jo Goth * Krokola * Karachi * Mai Kolachi * Debal Debal (Urdu, Arabic, sd, ) was an ancient port located near modern Karachi, Pakistan. It is adjacent to the nearby Manora Island and was administered by Mansura, and later Thatta. Etymology In Arabic history books, most notably in the early ... * Bhambore References Former populated places in Paki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krokola
Krokola ( ur, كروكولا , Ancient Greek: Κρόκολα) was an ancient port located in what is now the modern city of Karachi, in the Sindh province of Pakistan. The area was known to the ancient Greeks: in fact, Krokola was the place where Alexander the Great camped to prepare a fleet for Babylonia after completing his campaign in the Indus River, Indus valley. The port city reached its height under the Hindu kings of the Brahman dynasty of Sindh, who ruled from their capital in neighboring capital Aror. A major flyover (overpass) in Karachi has been named after ''Mai Kolachi''. Some people claim that the settlement has also been known as ''Kolachi-jo-Goth''. However, no evidence can be cited for this claim. See also * Kulachi * Kulachi (tribe) * Kolachi jo Goth * Karachi * Mai Kolachi * Kolachi (port), Kolachi * Debal * Bhambore * Barbarikon References {{Reflist History of Karachi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maheshwar
Maheshwar is a town, near Khargone city in Khargone district of Madhya Pradesh state, in central India. It is located on State Highway-38 ( Khargone city-Barwaha- Bandheri Highway),13.5 km east of National Highway 3 (Agra-Mumbai highway) and 91 km from Indore, the commercial capital of the state. The Town lies on the north bank of the Narmada River. It was the kingdom of Chaktavartin Samrat Sahastraarjun, Kartavirya Arjuna a Heheya king. Lately, after many years, it was the capital of the Malwa during the Maratha Holkar reign till 6 January 1818, when the capital was shifted to Indore by Malhar Rao Holkar III. Etymology The word Maheshwar in Hindi means ''Great God, ''an epithet of Lord Shiva. History Writers such as HD Sankalia, PN Bose and Francis Wilford, among others, identify Maheshwar as the ancient town of Mahishmati. Also known as Minnagara to Greeko-Romans. Maheshwar is believed to be built on the site of the ancient city of Somvanshya Shastrarjun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sakastan
Sistān ( fa, سیستان), known in ancient times as Sakastān ( fa, سَكاستان, "the land of the Saka"), is a historical and Sistan Basin, geographical region in present-day Eastern Iran (Sistan and Baluchestan Province) and Southern Afghanistan (Nimruz Province, Nimruz, Helmand Province, Helmand, Kandahar Province, Kandahar). Largely desert, the region is bisected by the Helmand River, the largest river in Afghanistan, which empties into the Hamun Lake that forms part of the border between the two countries. Etymology Sistan derives its name from ''Sakastan'' ("the land of the Saka"). The Sakas were a Scythians, Scythian tribe which from the 2nd century BC to the 1st century migrated to the Iranian Plateau and Indus valley, where they carved a kingdom known as the Indo-Scythians, Indo-Scythian Kingdom. In the Bundahishn, a Zoroastrian scripture written in Middle Persian, Pahlavi, the province is called "Seyansih". After the Muslim conquest of Persia, Arab conquest of I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
