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Milestone Thesis
The milestone thesis ( pt, Marco temporal das terras indígenas), also known as the time marker or Copacabana thesis, is a legal thesis constructed by a case law based on the judgment of the Raposa Serra do Sol case by the Supreme Federal Court (STF) of Brazil in 2009. In it, the Supreme Court decided that the article of the Constitution which guarantees the usufruct of lands traditionally occupied by Brazilian indigenous people should be interpreted by counting only the lands in possession on 5 October 1988, the date of promulgation of the Constitution. History The name "Copacabana thesis" comes from a comment by minister Gilmar Mendes in a 2014 trial that reaffirmed the time frame: "Sure, Copacabana certainly had Indians, at some point; Avenida Atlântica was certainly populated by Indians. Adopting the thesis that is stated here in this opinion, we can rescue these apartments in Copacabana, without a doubt, because certainly, at some point, indigenous ownership will be ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judge Rapporteur
Judge Rapporteur or Judge-Rapporteur is a term for one of Judge in Panel or Chamber of Judges, who is nominated to write case report as rapporteur for other Judges, usually in European courts. European Court of Human Rights In European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), the term Judge Rapporteur is defined under Rule 1(k), 48 and 49 of 'Rules of Court'. * According to Rule 48, when the case is on Inter-state applications, Chamber of the Court constituted of seven Judges for the case designates one or more than one Judges among the Chamber as Judge Rapporteur, to write a report or other necessary materials on adimissibility of the case. These report and materials are originally for other Judges at the Chamber. Shortly, the Judge Rapporteur in ECHR under Rule 48 of the Rules of the Court oversees whether the case should be dismissed in preliminary stage. * According to Rule 49, when the case is on Individual applications, President of the Section of the Court for the case designate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Guardian
''The Guardian'' is a British daily newspaper. It was founded in 1821 as ''The Manchester Guardian'', and changed its name in 1959. Along with its sister papers ''The Observer'' and ''The Guardian Weekly'', ''The Guardian'' is part of the Guardian Media Group, owned by the Scott Trust. The trust was created in 1936 to "secure the financial and editorial independence of ''The Guardian'' in perpetuity and to safeguard the journalistic freedom and liberal values of ''The Guardian'' free from commercial or political interference". The trust was converted into a limited company in 2008, with a constitution written so as to maintain for ''The Guardian'' the same protections as were built into the structure of the Scott Trust by its creators. Profits are reinvested in journalism rather than distributed to owners or shareholders. It is considered a newspaper of record in the UK. The editor-in-chief Katharine Viner succeeded Alan Rusbridger in 2015. Since 2018, the paper's main news ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Congress Of Brazil
The National Congress of Brazil ( pt, Congresso Nacional do Brasil) is the legislative body of Brazil's federal government. Unlike the state legislative assemblies and municipal chambers, the Congress is bicameral, composed of the Federal Senate (the upper house) and the Chamber of Deputies (the lower house). The Congress meets annually in Brasília from 2 February to 22 December, with a mid-term break taking place between 17 July and 1 August. The Senate represents the 26 states and the Federal District. Each state and the Federal District has a representation of three senators, who are elected by popular ballot for a term of eight years. Every four years, renewal of either one third or two-thirds of the Senate (and of the delegations of the States and the Federal District) takes place. The Chamber of Deputies represents the people of each state, and its members are elected for a four-year term by a system of proportional representation. Seats are allotted proportionally accor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luiz Inácio Lula Da Silva
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (; born Luiz Inácio da Silva; 27 October 1945), known mononymously as Lula, is a Brazilian politician, trade unionist, and former metalworker who is the president-elect of Brazil. A member of the Workers' Party, he was the 35th president of Brazil from 2003 to 2010. After winning the 2022 Brazilian general election, he will be sworn in on 1 January 2023 as the 39th president of Brazil, succeeding Jair Bolsonaro. Of working-class origin, he migrated as a child from Pernambuco to São Paulo with his family. He began his career as a metalworker and trade unionist. During the military dictatorship in Brazil, he led major workers' strikes between 1978 and 1980, and helped start the Workers' Party in 1980, during Brazil's political opening. Lula was one of the main leaders of the Diretas Já movement which demanded democratic elections. In the 1986 Brazilian legislative election, he was elected as a federal deputy in the state of São Paulo with the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Correio Braziliense
The ''Correio Braziliense'' (meaning ''Brazilian Mail'' in English) is a daily newspaper in Brazil. The paper was first published on 21 April 1960. Its founder is Assis Chateaubriand. The paper has its headquarters in Brasília. The name came from the historical ''Correio Braziliense'', published in London from 1808 to 1822 by Hipólito José da Costa Hipólito, Hipolito or Hypólito is a masculine given name and surname related to Hippolyte. People so named include: Given name * Hipolito Arenas (1907–1995), Negro league baseball player * Hipólito or Hippolyte Bouchard (1780–1837), French- ..., a Liberal Brazilian exile. First newspaper of Brasilia, born together with the new federal capital on April 21, 1960. The newspaper retook the name of Correio Braziliense de Hipólito José da Costa, published in London between 1808 and 1822. The inaugural edition totaled 108 pages, most of them in the notebook commemorating the inauguration of the city. In making the decision to b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jair Bolsonaro
Jair Messias Bolsonaro (; born 21 March 1955) is a Brazilian politician and retired military officer who has been the 38th president of Brazil since 1 January 2019. He was elected in 2018 as a member of the Social Liberal Party, which he turned into a conservative party, before cutting ties with it. In 2021, he joined the Liberal Party. From 1991 to 2018, Bolsonaro served in Brazil's Chamber of Deputies, representing the state of Rio de Janeiro. Bolsonaro was born in Glicério, in the state of São Paulo. He graduated from the Agulhas Negras Military Academy in 1977 and served in the Brazilian Army's field artillery and parachutist units. He became known to the public in 1986, when he wrote an article for ''Veja'' magazine criticizing low wages for military officers, after which he was arrested and detained for 15 days. A year later, the same magazine accused him of planning to plant bombs in military units, which he denied. A lower court convicted him, but the Brazilian Su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augusto Aras
Antônio Augusto Brandão de Aras (born 4 December 1958) is a Brazilian attorney, former sub-Prosecutor-General of Brazil, professor in the Law School of University of Brasília (UnB) and current Prosecutor General of Brazil. He is Bachelor of Laws by the Catholic University of Salvador, Master of Economic Laws by Federal University of Bahia, and Doctor of Constitutional Laws by Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo. He teaches electoral laws and private laws in UnB. Is a member of the Public Prosecutor's Office since 1987. On 5 September 2019, he was appointed by President Jair Bolsonaro to be Prosecutor General of Brazil despite not being one of the names in the triple list voted by members of the Public Prosecutor's Office. His name was approved by the Senate on 25 September 2019, and he was sworn in on the 26 September 2019. Biography Augusto Aras was born in Salvador, Bahia. When he was a child, his family moved to Feira de Santana, where he concluded his studies. He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public Prosecutor's Office (Brazil)
The Public Prosecutor's Office ( pt, Ministério Público, lit. "Public Ministry", also usually referred as "MP") is the Brazilian body of independent public prosecutors at both the federal (') and state level (''Ministério Público Estadual''). It operates independently from the three branches of government. It was once referred by constitutional lawyer and former president Michel Temer as a "Fourth Branch". The Constitution of 1988 divides the functions of the Public Prosecutor's Office into three different bodies: the '' Public Procurator's Office'', the '' Public Defender's Office'' and the Public Prosecutor's Office itself, each one of them an independent body. In addition to that, the new Constitution created the ''Courts of Account'', also autonomous in its functions. There are three levels of public prosecutors, according to the jurisdiction of the courts before which they perform their duties. There are the federal prosecutors (') who bring cases before judges in low ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruno Bianco
Bruno Bianco Leal (born 9 January 1982) is a Brazilian attorney and politician currently serving as the as Attorney General of Brazil in the administration of President Jair Bolsonaro since August 2021 replacing André Mendonça André Luiz de Almeida Mendonça (born 27 December 1972) is a Brazilian attorney, Presbyterian pastor, and politician currently serving as Justice of the Supreme Federal Court. He is the third evangelical Christian positioned to join the top court .... Also known as "Mickey da Previdência" ("Social security Mickey Mouse"). References , - 1982 births Living people People from São Paulo (state) 21st-century Brazilian lawyers Government ministers of Brazil {{Brazil-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
COVID-19 Pandemic In Brazil
The COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil has resulted in confirmed cases of COVID-19 and deaths. The virus was confirmed to have spread to Brazil on 25 February 2020, when a man from São Paulo who had traveled to Italy tested positive for the virus. The disease had spread to every federative unit of Brazil by 21 March. On 19 June 2020, the country reported its one millionth case and nearly 49,000 reported deaths. One estimate of under-reporting was 22.62% of total reported COVID-19 mortality in 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a variety of responses from federal, state and local governments, having an impact on politics, education, the environment, and the economy. On 27 March 2020 Brazil announced a temporary ban on foreign air travelers and most state governors have imposed quarantines to prevent the spread of the virus. President Jair Bolsonaro has perpetuated conspiracy theories surrounding COVID-19 treatments and its origins, and was accused of downplaying effective m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandre De Moraes
Alexandre de Moraes (; born 13 December 1968 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian jurist, currently serving as president of the Superior Electoral Court and as a justice of the Supreme Federal Court. Life Married with three children, Alexandre de Moraes studied at the Law Faculty of the University of São Paulo, graduating in 1990. De Moraes is an associate professor of the Law School, University of São Paulo (USP). He received a doctorate in State Law from the same university under the supervision of professor Dalmo Dallari, with a thesis about constitutional jurisdiction. He was a member of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB). In 2002, he was appointed Secretary of Public Security of the State of São Paulo. Alexandre de Moraes has been involved in several corruption related scandals, Alexandre de Moraes is suspected of receiving $4 million from a company that was part of the nation's largest graft scheme involving the Workers' Party (Partido dos Trabalhadores - PT) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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