Mikulin OKB
Alexander Alexandrovich Mikulin (russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Мику́лин) (February 14 ( O.S. February 2), 1895, Vladimir – May 13, 1985, Moscow) was a Soviet Russian aircraft engine designer and chief designer in the Mikulin OKB. His achievements include the first Soviet liquid-cooled aircraft piston engine, the Mikulin AM-34, and the Mikulin AM-3 turbojet engine for the Soviet Union's first jet airliner, the Tupolev Tu-104. Mikulin also took part in the Tsar Tank project. Engines * M-17 - BMW VI built under licence * AM-34 * AM-35 - Super charged inline 895-1007kw * AM-37 - improved AM-35; only produced in small numbers as it was too unreliable * AM-38 - low-altitude engine developed from the AM-35A * AM-39 - higher power version of the AM-35A * AM-41 - used on the Gudkov Gu-1 * AM-42 - higher power version of the AM-38F * AM-43 - high-altitude engine, used on Tupolev Tu-1 and Ilyushin Il-16 * AM-44 - turbo-supercharged engine, us ...
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Old Style
Old Style (O.S.) and New Style (N.S.) indicate dating systems before and after a calendar change, respectively. Usually, this is the change from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar as enacted in various European countries between 1582 and 1923. In England, Wales, Ireland and Britain's American colonies, there were two calendar changes, both in 1752. The first adjusted the start of a new year from Lady Day (25 March) to 1 January (which Scotland had done from 1600), while the second discarded the Julian calendar in favour of the Gregorian calendar, removing 11 days from the September 1752 calendar to do so.Spathaky, MikOld Style and New Style Dates and the change to the Gregorian Calendar "Before 1752, parish registers, in addition to a new year heading after 24th March showing, for example '1733', had another heading at the end of the following December indicating '1733/4'. This showed where the Historical Year 1734 started even though the Civil Year 1733 continued u ...
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Tupolev Tu-1
The Tupolev Tu-1 was a prototype Soviet night fighter variant of the Tupolev Tu-2 medium bomber that first flew after the end of World War II. It was cancelled when its experimental Mikulin AM-43V engines reached the end of their service life. Development Impressed by the performance of the de Havilland Mosquito the Soviets asked Tupolev to modify a Tu-2 as a high-speed day bomber with a reduced crew as the ANT-63. The second prototype of this project was ordered to be converted in February 1946 for use as a three-seat long-range interceptor capable of carrying an airborne radar set with the internal designation of ANT-63P and the official designation of Tu-1. It was given prototype Mikulin AM-43V engines driving four-bladed propellers, and fitted with new radio equipment. It reverted to the standard Tu-2S undercarriage. Two Nudelman-Suranov NS-45 guns with 50 rounds each were fitted on the underside of the nose, two Volkov-Yartsev VYa-23 or Nudelman-Suranov NS-23 cannon were fit ...
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Heroes Of Socialist Labour
Heroes or Héroes may refer to: * Hero, one who displays courage and self-sacrifice for the greater good Film * ''Heroes'' (1977 film), an American drama * ''Heroes'' (2008 film), an Indian Hindi film Gaming * ''Heroes of Might and Magic'' or ''Heroes'', a series of video games *''Heroes of the Storm'' or ''Heroes,'' a 2015 video game * ''Heroes'' (role-playing game) (1979) * '' Heros: The Sanguine Seven'', a 1993 video game * ''Sonic Heroes'', a 2003 video game in the ''Sonic the Hedgehog'' franchise Literature * ''Heroes'' (book series), short novels and plays intended for young boys * ''Heroes'' (comics), a 1996 comic book by DC Comics * ''Heroes'' (novel), a 1998 novel by Robert Cormier * ''Heroes'' (play), a translation by Tom Stoppard of ''Le Vent Des Peupliers'' by Gérald Sibleyras * '' Heroes: Saving Charlie'', a 2007 novel based on the American TV series ''Heroes'' * ''Heroes'', a role-playing game magazine by Avalon Hill * ''Heroes'', a 2018 collection of ...
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Russian Aerospace Engineers
This list of Russian aerospace engineers includes the designers of aircraft, rocketry and spacecraft, and developers of auxiliary aerospace technologies from the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation. See also the :Russian aerospace engineers. Alphabetical list __NOTOC__ A * Rostislav Alexeyev, designer of high-speed hydrofoils (raketa) and ekranoplans, including the Caspian Sea Monster * Oleg Antonov, designer of the An-series aircraft, including '' A-40'' winged tank and '' An-124'' (the largest serial cargo, later modified to world's largest fixed-wing aircraft '' An-225'') * Alexander Arkhangelsky, designer of the Ar-series aircraft *Yuri Artsutanov, pioneered the idea of the space elevator B * Georgy Babakin, designer of the first soft landing space vehicle '' Luna 9'' * Vladimir Barmin, designer of the world's first rocket launch complex (Baikonur spaceport) * Robert Bartini, developer of ekranoplans and VTOL amphibious aircraft, physicist, ...
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1985 Deaths
The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** The Internet's Domain Name System is created. ** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a new agreement on fishing rights. * January 7 – Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency launches ''Sakigake'', Japan's first interplanetary spacecraft and the first deep space probe to be launched by any country other than the United States or the Soviet Union. * January 15 – Tancredo Neves is elected president of Brazil by the Congress, ending the 21-year military rule. * January 20 – Ronald Reagan is privately sworn in for a second term as President of the United States. * January 27 – The Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) is formed, in Tehran. * January 28 – The charity single record "We Are the World" is recorded by USA for Africa. February * February 4 – The border between Gibraltar and Spai ...
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1895 Births
Events January–March * January 5 – Dreyfus affair: French officer Alfred Dreyfus is stripped of his army rank, and sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island. * January 12 – The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty is founded in England by Octavia Hill, Robert Hunter and Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley. * January 13 – First Italo-Ethiopian War: Battle of Coatit – Italian forces defeat the Ethiopians. * January 17 – Félix Faure is elected President of the French Republic, after the resignation of Jean Casimir-Perier. * February 9 – Mintonette, later known as volleyball, is created by William G. Morgan at Holyoke, Massachusetts. * February 11 – The lowest ever UK temperature of is recorded at Braemar, in Aberdeenshire. This record is equalled in 1982, and again in 1995. * February 14 – Oscar Wilde's last play, the comedy ''The Importance of Being Earnest'', is first shown at St Jam ...
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Tumansky RD-9
The Tumansky RD-9 (initially designated Mikulin AM-5) was an early Soviet turbojet engine, not based on pre-existing German or British designs. The AM-5, developed by scaling down the AM-3, was available in 1952 and completed testing in 1953; it produced thrust without afterburner. AM-5 engine is notable for making possible the first mass-produced supersonic interceptor, the MiG-19, and the first Soviet all-weather area interceptor, the Yak-25. When Sergei Tumansky replaced Alexander Mikulin as the OKB-24's chief designer in 1956, the engine was renamed RD-9. The engine was later built under license in China as the WP-6. Variants and applications ;RD-9A: ;RD-9B: Used in the East German civilian jetliner project Baade 152 in 1958 and 1959, replaced when Pirna 014 engines became available. ;RD-9AK: Non-afterburning versions for the Yak-25 and Yak-26. ;RD-9AF-300: Afterburning version for the Yak-27 and Yak-28. ;RD-9AF2-300: Afterburning version for the Yak-27 and Yak-28. ;RD-9 ...
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Mikulin AM-2
Mikulin may refer to: *Alexander Mikulin, Soviet aircraft-engine designer *Mikulin, Kraśnik County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland) *Mikulin, Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) *Mikulin, Tomaszów Lubelski County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland) *An interglacial period on the East European Plain 130,000–114,000 years ago — see Eemian The Eemian (also called the last interglacial, Sangamonian, Sangamonian Stage, Ipswichian, Mikulin, Kaydaky, penultimate,NOAA - Penultimate Interglacial Period http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/global-warming/penultimate-interglacial-period Valdivia or Ri ...

Ilyushin Il-20 (1948)
The Ilyushin Il-20 was a Soviet prototype for a heavily armored ground-attack aircraft to replace the Ilyushin Il-10. It featured a number of innovative concepts including a cockpit mounted on top of the engine, directly behind the propeller, and wing-mounted autocannon that could be adjusted on the ground to fire level or depressed 23° to allow the aircraft to strafe ground targets while remaining in level flight. However it was slower than the Il-10, and its M-47 engine was problematic in flight tests in 1948–49. It was not placed into production. The test pilots called the aircraft the ''Gorbach'' (Hunchback).Nemecek, p. 220 Development Ilyushin's concept to meet the 1947 requirement for a superior aircraft to the Il-10 in performance and firepower was a heavily armored, single-engine, all-metal, low-wing monoplane powered by the newly developed M-47—also known as the MF-45Sh or M-45Sh—liquid-cooled engine, which developed at takeoff. The design's most notable feature ...
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Mikulin AM-47
Mikulin may refer to: *Alexander Mikulin, Soviet aircraft-engine designer *Mikulin, Kraśnik County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland) *Mikulin, Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) *Mikulin, Tomaszów Lubelski County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland) *An interglacial period on the East European Plain 130,000–114,000 years ago — see Eemian The Eemian (also called the last interglacial, Sangamonian, Sangamonian Stage, Ipswichian, Mikulin, Kaydaky, penultimate,NOAA - Penultimate Interglacial Period http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/global-warming/penultimate-interglacial-period Valdivia or Ri ...

Mikulin AM-46
Mikulin may refer to: *Alexander Mikulin, Soviet aircraft-engine designer *Mikulin, Kraśnik County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland) *Mikulin, Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) *Mikulin, Tomaszów Lubelski County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland) *An interglacial period on the East European Plain 130,000–114,000 years ago — see Eemian The Eemian (also called the last interglacial, Sangamonian, Sangamonian Stage, Ipswichian, Mikulin, Kaydaky, penultimate,NOAA - Penultimate Interglacial Period http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/global-warming/penultimate-interglacial-period Valdivia or Ri ...

Mikulin AM-45
Mikulin may refer to: *Alexander Mikulin, Soviet aircraft-engine designer *Mikulin, Kraśnik County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland) *Mikulin, Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) *Mikulin, Tomaszów Lubelski County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland) *An interglacial period on the East European Plain 130,000–114,000 years ago — see Eemian The Eemian (also called the last interglacial, Sangamonian, Sangamonian Stage, Ipswichian, Mikulin, Kaydaky, penultimate,NOAA - Penultimate Interglacial Period http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/global-warming/penultimate-interglacial-period Valdivia or Ri ...