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Micropilina
''Micropilina'' is a genus of monoplacophoran molluscs. They are very small, mostly deepwater animals which have a superficially limpet-like shell. In addition to a number of living, deep-sea species, this genus also includes a shallow water fossil from the middle Pleistocene of Italy - and this is the only fossil representative of this lineage subsequent to the Devonian period. All currently known ''Micropilina'' species are less than 1.5 mm in length. Except for ''Micropilina minuta'', they are all found in the Southern Hemisphere.Kano, Y., Kimura, S., Kimura, T. and Warén, A. (2012), Living Monoplacophora: morphological conservatism or recent diversification?. ''Zoologica Scripta'', 41: 471-488. Species Species in the genus ''Micropilina'' include: Recent species: * ''Micropilina arntzi'' Warén & Hain, 1992 * ''Micropilina minuta'' Warén, 1989 * ''Micropilina rakiura'' Marshall, 1998 * '' Micropilina reingi'' Marshall, 2006 * '' Micropilina tangaroa'' Marshall, 1992 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micropilina Minuta
''Micropilina minuta'' is a species of monoplacophoran, a superficially limpet-like marine mollusc. It has been found off the coasts of Iceland and Italy. Anatomy ''Micropilina minuta'' has four pairs of gills,Kano, Y., Kimura, S., Kimura, T. and Warén, A. (2012), Living Monoplacophora: morphological conservatism or recent diversification?. ''Zoologica Scripta'', 41: 471-488. four pairs of nephridia The nephridium (plural ''nephridia'') is an invertebrate organ, found in pairs and performing a function similar to the vertebrate kidneys (which originated from the chordate nephridia). Nephridia remove metabolic wastes from an animal's body. Neph ... ("kidneys"), five circular horizontal intestinal loops, one pair of oesophageal pouches, no heart, and densely packed internal organs. Its maximum length is 1.5 mm. References Monoplacophora Molluscs described in 1989 {{mollusc-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micropilina Arntzi
''Micropilina arntzi'' is a species of monoplacophoran, a superficially limpet-like marine mollusc. It is found off the coast of Antarctica. It has three pairs of gills.Kano, Y., Kimura, S., Kimura, T. and Warén, A. (2012), Living Monoplacophora: morphological conservatism or recent diversification?. ''Zoologica Scripta'', 41: 471-488. Anatomy ''Micropilina arntzi'' has three pairs of gills, three pairs of nephridia The nephridium (plural ''nephridia'') is an invertebrate organ, found in pairs and performing a function similar to the vertebrate kidneys (which originated from the chordate nephridia). Nephridia remove metabolic wastes from an animal's body. Neph ... ("kidneys"), six irregularly coiled intestinal loops, two pairs of oesophageal pouches, and no heart. References Monoplacophora Molluscs described in 1992 {{mollusc-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monoplacophora
Monoplacophora , meaning "bearing one plate", is a polyphyletic superclass of molluscs with a cap-like shell inhabiting deep sea environments . Extant representatives were not recognized as such until 1952; previously they were known only from the fossil record, and were thought to have become extinct 375 million years ago. Although the shell of many monoplacophorans is limpet-like in shape, they are not gastropods, nor do they have any close relation to gastropods. Definition Discussion about monoplacophorans is made difficult by the slippery definition of the taxon; some authors take it to refer to all non-gastropod mollusks with a single shell, or all single-shelled mollusks with serially repeated units; whereas other workers restrict the definition to cap-shaped forms, excluding spiral and other shapes of shell. The inclusion of the gastropod-like Bellerophontoidea within the group is also contentious. One attempt to resolve this confusion was to separate out the predom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micropilina Rakiura
''Micropilina rakiura'' is a species of monoplacophoran, a superficially limpet-like marine mollusc. It is found off the coast of New Zealand New Zealand ( mi, Aotearoa ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and over 700 smaller islands. It is the sixth-largest island count ....Kano, Y., Kimura, S., Kimura, T. and Warén, A. (2012), Living Monoplacophora: morphological conservatism or recent diversification?. ''Zoologica Scripta'', 41: 471-488. References Monoplacophora Molluscs described in 1998 {{mollusc-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micropilina Reingi
''Micropilina reingi'' is a species of monoplacophoran, a superficially limpet-like marine mollusc. It is found off the coast of New Zealand New Zealand ( mi, Aotearoa ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and over 700 smaller islands. It is the sixth-largest island count ....Kano, Y., Kimura, S., Kimura, T. and Warén, A. (2012), Living Monoplacophora: morphological conservatism or recent diversification?. ''Zoologica Scripta'', 41: 471-488. References Monoplacophora Molluscs described in 2006 {{mollusc-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micropilina Tangaroa
''Micropilina tangaroa'' is a species of monoplacophoran, a superficially limpet-like marine mollusc. It is known from a single specimen found off the coast of New Zealand New Zealand ( mi, Aotearoa ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and over 700 smaller islands. It is the sixth-largest island count ....Kano, Y., Kimura, S., Kimura, T. and Warén, A. (2012), Living Monoplacophora: morphological conservatism or recent diversification?. ''Zoologica Scripta'', 41: 471-488. References Monoplacophora Molluscs described in 1990 {{mollusc-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micropilina Wareni
''Micropilina wareni'' is a species of monoplacophoran, a superficially limpet-like marine mollusc. It is found off the coast of New Zealand New Zealand ( mi, Aotearoa ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and over 700 smaller islands. It is the sixth-largest island count ....Kano, Y., Kimura, S., Kimura, T. and Warén, A. (2012), Living Monoplacophora: morphological conservatism or recent diversification?. ''Zoologica Scripta'', 41: 471-488. References Monoplacophora Molluscs described in 2006 {{mollusc-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monoplacophora
Monoplacophora , meaning "bearing one plate", is a polyphyletic superclass of molluscs with a cap-like shell inhabiting deep sea environments . Extant representatives were not recognized as such until 1952; previously they were known only from the fossil record, and were thought to have become extinct 375 million years ago. Although the shell of many monoplacophorans is limpet-like in shape, they are not gastropods, nor do they have any close relation to gastropods. Definition Discussion about monoplacophorans is made difficult by the slippery definition of the taxon; some authors take it to refer to all non-gastropod mollusks with a single shell, or all single-shelled mollusks with serially repeated units; whereas other workers restrict the definition to cap-shaped forms, excluding spiral and other shapes of shell. The inclusion of the gastropod-like Bellerophontoidea within the group is also contentious. One attempt to resolve this confusion was to separate out the predom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mollusc
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is estimated between 60,000 and 100,000 additional species. The proportion of undescribed species is very high. Many taxa remain poorly studied. Molluscs are the largest marine phylum, comprising about 23% of all the named marine organisms. Numerous molluscs also live in freshwater and terrestrial habitats. They are highly diverse, not just in size and anatomical structure, but also in behaviour and habitat. The phylum is typically divided into 7 or 8 taxonomic classes, of which two are entirely extinct. Cephalopod molluscs, such as squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses, are among the most neurologically advanced of all invertebrates—and either the giant squid or the colossal squid is the largest known invertebrate species. The gastropods ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limpet
Limpets are a group of aquatic snails that exhibit a conical shell shape (patelliform) and a strong, muscular foot. Limpets are members of the class Gastropoda, but are polyphyletic, meaning the various groups called "limpets" descended independently from different ancestral gastropods. This general category of conical shell is known as "patelliform" (dish-shaped). All members of the large and ancient marine clade Patellogastropoda are limpets. Within that clade, the members of the Patellidae family in particular are often referred to as "true limpets". Other groups, not in the same family, are also called limpets of one type or another, due to the similarity of their shells' shape. Examples include the Fissurellidae ("keyhole limpet") family, which is part of the Vetigastropoda clade (many other members of the Vetigastropoda do not have the morphology of limpets) and the Siphonariidae ("false limpets"), which use a siphon to pump water over their gills. Behaviour and ecolo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleistocene
The Pleistocene ( , often referred to as the ''Ice age'') is the geological Epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 2,580,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations. Before a change was finally confirmed in 2009 by the International Union of Geological Sciences, the cutoff of the Pleistocene and the preceding Pliocene was regarded as being 1.806 million years Before Present (BP). Publications from earlier years may use either definition of the period. The end of the Pleistocene corresponds with the end of the last glacial period and also with the end of the Paleolithic age used in archaeology. The name is a combination of Ancient Greek grc, label=none, πλεῖστος, pleīstos, most and grc, label=none, καινός, kainós (latinized as ), 'new'. At the end of the preceding Pliocene, the previously isolated North and South American continents were joined by the Isthmus of Panama, causing Great American Interchang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
