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Mexican Institute Of Petroleum
The Mexican Petroleum Institute (in Spanish: ''Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, IMP'') is a public research organization dedicated to develop technical solutions, conduct basic and applied research and provide specialized training to Pemex, the state-owned government-granted monopoly in Mexico's petroleum industry. The Institute was founded on 23 August 1965 by federal decree and is based in Mexico City. Despite facing significant budget constraints in recent years and being accused of depending excessively on foreign technology by noted physicist Leopoldo García-Colín, it was the leading patent applicant among Mexican institutions in 2005 and houses one of the most advanced microscopes on the planet. Noted researchers *Leopoldo García-Colín: physicist laureated with the 1988 National Prize for Arts and Sciences. * Luis E. Miramontes: co-inventor of the first oral contraceptive. Laureated with the National Prize on Chemistry "Andrés Manuel del Rio" in 1986. *Oc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mexico City
Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America. One of the world's alpha cities, it is located in the Valley of Mexico within the high Mexican central plateau, at an altitude of . The city has 16 boroughs or ''demarcaciones territoriales'', which are in turn divided into neighborhoods or ''colonias''. The 2020 population for the city proper was 9,209,944, with a land area of . According to the most recent definition agreed upon by the federal and state governments, the population of Greater Mexico City is 21,804,515, which makes it the sixth-largest metropolitan area in the world, the second-largest urban agglomeration in the Western Hemisphere (behind São Paulo, Brazil), and the largest Spanish language, Spanish-speaking city (city proper) in the world. Greater Mexico City has a gross domestic product, GDP of $411 billion in 2011, which makes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Prize For Arts And Sciences
The National Prize for Arts and Sciences ( es, Premio Nacional de Ciencias y Artes) is awarded annually by the Government of Mexico in six categories. It is part of the Mexican Honours System and was established in 1945. The prize is a gold medal and 520,000 pesos. Selected winners ''For a complete list of winners in tabular format, see the corresponding article in Spanish.'' Linguistics and literature ''Lingüística y Literatura'' *1935: Gregorio López y Fuentes *1946: Alfonso Reyes *1949: Mariano Azuela González *1958: Martín Luis Guzmán *1964: Carlos Pellicer Cámara *1965: Ángel María Garibay *1966: Jaime Torres Bodet *1967: Salvador Novo López *1968: José Gorostiza *1969: Silvio Zavala Vallado *1970: Juan Rulfo *1971: Daniel Cosío Villegas *1972: Rodolfo Usigli *1973: Agustín Yáñez *1974: Rubén Bonifaz Nuño *1975: Francisco Monterde *1976: ** Antonio Gómez Robledo ** Efraín Huerta *1977: Octavio Paz *1978: Fernando Benítez *1979: Juan José Arr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petroleum Industry In Mexico
The petroleum industry in Mexico makes Mexico the eleventh largest producer of oil in the world and the thirteenth largest in terms of net exports. Mexico has the seventeenth largest oil reserves in the world, and it is the fourth largest oil producer in the Western Hemisphere behind the United States, Canada and Venezuela. Mexico is not a member of the OPEC (the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) or any petroleum production related organizations, but since 1994 it is a member of the North American Free Trade Agreement. The petroleum sector is crucial to the Mexican economy; while its oil production has fallen in recent years, oil revenues still generate over 10% of Mexico's export earnings. High taxes on the revenues of Pemex provide about a third of all the tax revenues collected by the Mexican government. History Development of the oil industry in Mexico before 1938 Petroleum was known in Mexico before the arrival of the Spaniards and used by the natives fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chemical Research Institutes
A chemical substance is a form of matter having constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. Some references add that chemical substance cannot be separated into its constituent elements by physical separation methods, i.e., without breaking chemical bonds. Chemical substances can be simple substances (substances consisting of a single chemical element), chemical compounds, or alloys. Chemical substances are often called 'pure' to set them apart from mixtures. A common example of a chemical substance is pure water; it has the same properties and the same ratio of hydrogen to oxygen whether it is isolated from a river or made in a laboratory. Other chemical substances commonly encountered in pure form are diamond (carbon), gold, table salt (sodium chloride) and refined sugar (sucrose). However, in practice, no substance is entirely pure, and chemical purity is specified according to the intended use of the chemical. Chemical substances exist as solids, liquids, g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Research Institutes In Mexico
Research is " creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge". It involves the collection, organization and analysis of evidence to increase understanding of a topic, characterized by a particular attentiveness to controlling sources of bias and error. These activities are characterized by accounting and controlling for biases. A research project may be an expansion on past work in the field. To test the validity of instruments, procedures, or experiments, research may replicate elements of prior projects or the project as a whole. The primary purposes of basic research (as opposed to applied research) are documentation, discovery, interpretation, and the research and development (R&D) of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge. Approaches to research depend on epistemologies, which vary considerably both within and between humanities and sciences. There are several forms of research: scientific, humanities, artistic, econom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vietnam Petroleum Institute
Vietnam Petroleum Institute (VPI) was established on May 22, 1978. It is based in Hanoi, with a branch in Ho Chi Minh City. The Institute's assigned functions and tasks are as follows: *Carrying out scientific and technological studies in the fields of prospecting, exploration, production, transportation, storage distribution, economics and management of oil and gas; cooperating with local and international organizations in these fields. *Providing scientific and technical services for companies inside and outside the petroleum industry as well as for foreign oil companies. *Providing scientific and technological consultancy for Vietnamese Government The Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (), also known as the Vietnamese Government or the Government of Vietnam (), is the executive branch and body of the State administration of Vietnam. The members of the Government are appoi ... and Petrovietnam, State agencies and foreign oil companies in the fields of prospec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Institute Of Petroleum
The IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN) also known as French Institute of Petroleum (in French: ''Institut Français du Pétrole, IFP'') is a public research organisation in France founded in 1944 as Institute of Oil, Fuels and Lubricants (''Institut du pétrole, des carburants et des lubrifiants''). The Institute is based at Rueil-Malmaison near Paris, and has sites near Lyon and at Pau. , it had 1729 employees, a budget of 253 million euros, and was responsible for a post-graduate training centre, IFP School (also known as the ''ENSPM - École Nationale Supérieure du Pétrole et des Moteurs''), and an extensive industrial training programme, IFP Training. IFPEN has designed several methods to assess the oil potential of a sedimentary rock, amongst others, the Rock-Eval Pyrolysis technique using a standardized pyrolysis apparatus. This technique is used worldwide amongst petroleum companies to compare their results in the same way. Noted researchers * Yves Chauvin, co-laureate of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Institute Of Petroleum
The Indian Institute of Petroleum (IIP), established in 1960, is one of the 37 constituent laboratories of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), dedicated to R&D in the hydrocarbon sector.Indian Institute of Petroleum India9. The Director General of CSIR based in , Dr. Nallathamy Kalaiselvi, is the head of the parent organization. Dr. Anjan Ray has been the Director of the institute since November 2016. Spread over a campus of , it is situated in , the capital of |
Alexander Balankin
Alexander Balankin (born March 3, 1958) is a Mexican scientist of Russian origin (:ru:Баланкин, Александр Сергеевич, Баланкин, Александр Сергеевич) whose work in the field of fractal mechanics and its engineering applications won him the UNESCO Science Prize in 2005. Currently he is a professor of physics at the National Polytechnic Institute of Mexico, Head of the ''Fractal Mechanics Group'', and since 2003, a member of the Science Consulting Council of the Presidency of the Republic, Mexico. Biography Early life and education Alexander Balankin was born in Moscow, Soviet Union. He graduated from Moscow Engineering Physics Institute in 1981. He holds a Philosophy Doctorate in Physics and Mathematics from Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (1986). Five years after that, the Higher Attestation Commission (USSR) awarded him a Doctor of Science degree. In this period, he was also honoured with the state prize of the Russian Minist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalysis
Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recycles quickly, very small amounts of catalyst often suffice; mixing, surface area, and temperature are important factors in reaction rate. Catalysts generally react with one or more reactants to form intermediates that subsequently give the final reaction product, in the process of regenerating the catalyst. Catalysis may be classified as either homogeneous, whose components are dispersed in the same phase (usually gaseous or liquid) as the reactant, or heterogeneous, whose components are not in the same phase. Enzymes and other biocatalysts are often considered as a third category. Catalysis is ubiquitous in chemical industry of all kinds. Estimates are that 90% of all commercially produced chemical products involve catalysts at some s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UNESCO Science Prize
The UNESCO Science Prize is a biennial scientific prize awarded by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to "a person or group of persons for an outstanding contribution they have made to the technological development of a developing member state or region through the application of scientific and technological research (particularly in the fields of education, engineering and industrial development)." The candidates for the Science Prize are proposed to the Director-General of UNESCO by the governments of member states or by non-governmental organization A non-governmental organization (NGO) or non-governmental organisation (see spelling differences) is an organization that generally is formed independent from government. They are typically nonprofit entities, and many of them are active in h ...s. All proposals are judged by a panel of six scientists and engineers. The prize consists of , an Albert Einstein Silver Medal, and is award ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Octavio Novaro
Octavio Augusto Novaro Peñalosa (4 July 1939 – 6 March 2018) was a prominent theoretical physicist specialized in theoretical catalysis, physical chemistry, biophysics and geophysics. He received the National Prize for Arts and Sciences in 1983 and became the first Mexico, Mexican researcher to receive the UNESCO Science Prize in 1993. Since 1995 he was also one of the forty lifetime members of Colegio Nacional (Mexico), The National College. Novaro Peñalosa was born in Mexico City and graduated from the National Autonomous University of Mexico with a bachelor's degree (1965), a master's degree (1968) and a doctorate degree in Physics (1969) under the supervision of Marcos Moshinsky. Later on, he worked in postdoctoral research programs in Sweden, Italy, Turkey and the United States. He worked as a professor researcher at the National Autonomous University of Mexico since 1971 and for over fifteen years he worked and advised the Mexican Institute of Petroleum, where he d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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