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Mesalim
Mesilim ( sux, ), also spelled Mesalim (c. 2600 BC), was ''lugal'' (king) of the Sumerian city-state of Kish. Though his name is missing from the ''Sumerian king list'', Mesilim is among the earliest historical figures recorded in archaeological documents. He reigned some time in the "Early Dynastic III" period (c. 2600–2350 BC). Inscriptions from his reign state that he sponsored temple constructions in both Adab and Lagash, where he apparently enjoyed some suzerainty. He is also known from a number of fragments. Frontier mediator Mesilim is best known for having acted as mediator in a conflict between Lugal-sha-engur, his '' ensi'' in Lagash, and the neighboring rival city state of Umma, regarding the rights to use an irrigation canal through the plain of Gu-Edin on the border between the two. After asking the opinion of the god Ištaran, Mesilim established a new border between Lagash and Umma, and erected a pillar to mark it, on which he wrote his final decision. This solut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesilim Macehead Inscription
Mesilim ( sux, ), also spelled Mesalim (c. 2600 BC), was ''lugal'' (king) of the Sumerian city-state of Kish. Though his name is missing from the '' Sumerian king list'', Mesilim is among the earliest historical figures recorded in archaeological documents. He reigned some time in the "Early Dynastic III" period (c. 2600–2350 BC). Inscriptions from his reign state that he sponsored temple constructions in both Adab and Lagash, where he apparently enjoyed some suzerainty. He is also known from a number of fragments. Frontier mediator Mesilim is best known for having acted as mediator in a conflict between Lugal-sha-engur, his '' ensi'' in Lagash, and the neighboring rival city state of Umma, regarding the rights to use an irrigation canal through the plain of Gu-Edin on the border between the two. After asking the opinion of the god Ištaran, Mesilim established a new border between Lagash and Umma, and erected a pillar to mark it, on which he wrote his final decision. This s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lugalshaengur
Lugalshaengur ( sux, , ''Lugal-sha-engur''), (c. 2600 BCE), was '' ensi'' (governor) of the Sumerian city-state of Lagash. The First dynasty of Lagash is dated to the 25th century BCE. Lugalshaengur wastributary to Mesilim. Following the hegemony of Mesannepada of Ur, Ur-Nanshe succeeded Lugalshaengur as the new high priest of Lagash and achieved independence, making himself king. He defeated Ur and captured the king of Umma, Pabilgaltuk. Lugalshaengur is known by an inscription on the head of a mace dedicated by King Mesilim of Kish, who was therefore contemporary with him. File:Carved_figure_feathers_Louvre_AO221.jpg, King priest on a votive tablet to Ningirsu, around the time of Lugalshaengu, before Ur-Nanshe. Found in Girsu, near Lagash. Louvre Museum. File:Tablet of the figure with feathers, circa 2700 BCE, Girsu, Sumer.jpg, Transcription of the tablet. File:Lugalshaengur inscription.jpg, Fragmentary inscription ''Lugalshaengur Ensi Lagash'' ( sux, ), "Lugalshaengur, Gove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uhub
Uhub ( sux, , ''u2-hub2''), (c. 2600 BCE), was '' Ensi'' (Governor) of the Sumerian city-state of Kish before Mesilim His name is missing from the ''Sumerian king list'', just as the name of Mesilim, who ruled about fifty years later. On a vase dedicated to god Zababa, Uhub described himself as victor of Hamazi, a location beyond the Tigris, between the Diyala and lower Zab regions. The first inscription has been reconstructed as , ''Zamama, Uhub ensi kish-ki'' "Zababa, Uhub, Governor of Kish". Uhub is otherwise known from a few more inscriptions. Zababa Uhub Ensi Kish-ki.jpg, Transcription in standard Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform of the fragmentary inscription , ''Zamama, Uhub ensi kish-ki'' "Zababa, Uhub, Governor of Kish", British Museum (BM 129401). The second fragment from the same vase mentions "Pussusu conqueror of Hamazi". File:Hamazi inscription.jpg, "Hamazi" in the second inscription See also *History of Sumer The history of Sumer spans the 5th to 3rd millennia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LUGAL
Lugal ( Sumerian: ) is the Sumerian term for "king, ruler". Literally, the term means "big man." In Sumerian, ''lu'' "𒇽" is "man" and ''gal'' "𒃲" is "great," or "big." It was one of several Sumerian titles that a ruler of a city-state could bear (alongside '' en'' and '' ensi'', the exact difference being a subject of debate). The sign eventually became the predominant logograph for "King" in general. In the Sumerian language, ''lugal'' is used to mean an owner (e.g. of a boat or a field) or a head (of a unit such as a family). As a cuneiform logograph (Sumerogram) LUGAL (Unicode: 𒈗, rendered in Neo Assyrian). Cuneiform The cuneiform sign LUGAL 𒈗 (Borger nr. 151, Unicode U+12217) serves as a determinative in cuneiform texts ( Sumerian, Akkadian and Hittite), indicating that the following word is the name of a king. In Akkadian orthography, it may also be a syllabogram ''šàr'', acrophonically based on the Akkadian for "king", ''šarrum''. Unicode also includes the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kish (Sumer)
Kish ( Sumerian: Kiš; transliteration: Kiš ki; cuneiform: ; Akkadian: kiššatu, near modern Tell al-Uhaymir) is an important archaeological site in Babil Governorate (Iraq), located 80 kilometers south of Baghdad and 12 kilometers east of the ancient city of Babylon. The Ubaid period site of Ras al-Amiyah is 8 kilometers away. It was occupied from the Ubaid to Hellenistic periods. In Early Dynastic times the city's patron deity was Inanna with her consort Enki. Her temple, at Tell Ingharra, was (E)-hursag-kalama. By Old Babylonian times the patron deity had become Zababa, along with his consort, the goddess Bau. His temple Emeteursag (later Ekišiba) was at Uhaimir. History Kish was occupied from the Ubaid period (c.5300-4300 BC), gaining prominence as one of the pre-eminent powers in the region during the Early Dynastic Period when it reached its maximum extent of 230 hectares. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thorkild Jacobsen
Thorkild Peter Rudolph Jacobsen (; 7 June 1904 – 2 May 1993) was a renowned Danish historian specializing in Assyriology and Sumerian literature. He was one of the foremost scholars on the ancient Near East. Biography Thorkild Peter Rudolph Jacobsen received, in 1927, an M.A. from the University of Copenhagen and then came to the United States to study at the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, where, in 1929, he received his Ph.D. He was a field Assyriologist for the Iraq Expedition of the Oriental Institute from 1929 to 1937) and in 1946 became director of the Oriental Institute. He served as Dean of the Humanities Division from 1948 to 1951, as an editor of the ''Assyrian Dictionary'' from 1955 to 1959, and as Professor of Social Institutions from 1946–1962. In 1962, Jacobsen became a professor of Assyriology at Harvard University, where he remained until his retirement in 1974. Beyond being an expert translator, he was a brilliant interpreter whose insights ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enmetena
Entemena, also called Enmetena ( sux, , ), lived circa 2400 BC, was a son of En-anna-tum I, and he reestablished Lagash as a power in Sumer. He defeated Il, king of Umma, in a territorial conflict, through an alliance with Lugal-kinishe-dudu of Uruk, successor to Enshakushanna, who is in the king list. The tutelary deity Shul-utula was his personal deity. According to Jones (2012), his rule lasted 29 years. Territory Entemena of Lagash controlled the cities of southern Mesopotamia, from Badtibira to Uruk: Alliance treaty The most remarkable document in which he is mentioned is a clay nail found in Girsu and commemorating the alliance which he concluded with Lugal-kinishe-dudu of Uruk, the oldest mention of a peace treaty between two kings that we know: Deena Ragavan, Cuneiform Texts and Fragments in the Harvard Art Museum / Arthur M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kish Civilization
The Kish civilization or Kish tradition was a concept created by Ignace Gelb and discarded by more recent scholarship, which Gelb placed in what he called the early East Semitic era in Mesopotamia and the Levant, starting in the early 4th millennium BC. He attributed to it the sites of Ebla and Mari in the Levant, Nagar in the north, and the proto-Akkadian sites of Abu Salabikh and Kish in central Mesopotamia, which constituted the Uri region as it was known to the Sumerians. The East Semitic population migrated from what is now the Levant and spread into Mesopotamia, and the new population could have contributed to the collapse of the Uruk period c. 3100 BC. This early East Semitic culture was characterized by linguistic, literary and orthographic similarities extending from Ebla in the west to Abu Salabikh in the East. The personal names from the Sumerian city of Kish showed an East Semitic nature and revealed that the city population had a strong Semitic component from the da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesannepadda
Mesannepada ( sux, , ), Mesh-Ane-pada or Mes-Anne-pada ("Youngling chosen by An") was the first king listed for the First Dynasty of Ur (c. 26th century BC) on the Sumerian king list. He is listed to have ruled for 80 years, having overthrown Lugal-kitun of Uruk: " Then Unug (Uruk) was defeated and the kingship was taken to Urim (Ur)". In one of his seals, found in the Royal Cemetery at Ur, he is also described as king of Kish. Filiation The "Treasure of Ur" discovered in Mari Mesannepada was a son of Meskalamdug. A lapis-lazuli bead with the name of King Meskalamdug was found in Mari, in the so-called "Treasure of Ur", and reads:Description with photograph: File:UNESCO Lapis lazuli bead, National Museum of Damascus, Syria.jpg, The lapis lazuli bead from Mari, National Museum of Damascus, Syria ("King of Ur", side). File:Mesannepada bead from Mari.jpg, Transcription of the Mari bead. Initially, it was thought that this bead (reference M. 4439) referred to a gift by Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulletin Of The American Schools Of Oriental Research
The ''Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research'' is one of three academic journals published by the American Schools of Oriental Research. It began as the ''Bulletin of the American School of Oriental Research in Jerusalem'', in 1919. The Bulletin took on its current name in 1921. References External links * *JSTOR Early Journal Content, at the Internet Archive The Internet Archive is an American digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It provides free public access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, software applications/games, music, ...: Partial archive, 1919 - 1921Partial archive, 1922 - 1923 Religious studies journals Ancient Near East journals Publications established in 1919 Biannual journals {{area-journal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ur-Nanshe
Ur-Nanshe ( sux, , ) also Ur-Nina, was the first king of the First Dynasty of Lagash (approx. 2500 BCE) in the Sumerian Early Dynastic Period III. He is known through inscriptions to have commissioned many buildings projects, including canals and temples, in the state of Lagash,Louvre Pouysségur, Patrick , ed. "Perforated Relief of King Ur-Nanshe." Louvre Museum. Louvre Museum. Web. 13 Mar 2013.. and defending Lagash from its rival state Umma.CDLI Wiki University of Oxford, 14 Jan 2010. Web. 13 Mar 2013. He was probably not from royal lineage, being the son of Gunidu () who was recorded without an accompanying royal title. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Religions (journal)
''History of Religions'' (''HR'') is the first academic journal devoted to the study of comparative religious history. The journal was founded in 1961 by Mircea Eliade. It is currently published by the University of Chicago Press. ''HR'' publishes articles that set the standard for the study of religious phenomena from prehistory to modern times, both within particular traditions and across cultural boundaries. In addition to major articles, the journal also publishes review articles and comprehensive book reviews. The journal also occasionally publishes special or theme issues. It is intended for historians of religion, anthropologists, comparative historians, and interdisciplinary scholars of religion. Access The entire contents of the journal are available in full-text, searchable electronic databases. All issues except the most recent two years are available on JSTOR; more recent issues are available on the website of the publisher, University of Chicago Press. Abstracting and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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