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Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W222)
The Mercedes-Benz W222 is the sixth generation of the Mercedes Benz S-Class produced from 2013 to 2020, serving as the successor to the Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W221), W221 S-Class and predecessor to the Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W223), W223 S-Class. The W222 was designed in 2009 by Korean designer Il-hun Yoon, who drew inspiration from the Mercedes-Benz F700 concept car. The exterior design was developed by a team under the direction of the Slovenian car designer Robert Lešnik. The W222 has a similar design theme to the Mercedes-Benz C-Class (W205), C-Class (W205) and Mercedes-Benz E-Class (W213), E-Class (W213). In Europe, sales of the S400 Hybrid, S350 BlueTEC, S350 BlueTEC Hybrid, and S500 began in September 2013, and sales of the S550 in the United States also began on that same month. The four-wheel drive ''(4Matic)'' model went on sale in November, and additional models, including V12 engine, V12 models and those from Mercedes AMG, AMG, were released in 2014. The W222 S-Cla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daimler AG
Mercedes-Benz Group AG (formerly Daimler-Benz, DaimlerChrysler, and Daimler) is a German multinational automotive company headquartered in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is one of the world's leading car manufacturers. Daimler-Benz was formed with the merger of Benz & Cie., the world's oldest car company, and Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft in 1926. The company was renamed DaimlerChrysler upon the acquisition of the American automobile manufacturer, Chrysler Corporation in 1998, it was renamed to Daimler upon the divestment of Chrysler in 2007. In 2021, Daimler was the second-largest German automaker and the sixth-largest worldwide by production. In February 2022, Daimler was renamed Mercedes-Benz Group as part of a transaction that spun-off its commercial vehicle segment as an independent company, Daimler Truck. The Mercedes-Benz Group's marques are Mercedes-Benz for cars and vans (including Mercedes-AMG and Mercedes-Maybach). It has shares in other vehicle ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Front-engine, Rear-wheel-drive Layout
A front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout (FR), also called Système Panhard is a powertrain layout with an engine in front and rear-wheel-drive, connected via a drive shaft. This arrangement, with the engine straddling the front axle, was the traditional automobile layout for most of the pre-1950s automotive mechanical projects. It is also used in trucks, pickups, and high-floor buses and school buses. Front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout A front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout (FMR) places the engine in the front half of the vehicle but ''behind'' the front axle, which likewise drives the rear wheels via a driveshaft. Shifting the engine's center of mass rearward aids in front/rear weight distribution and reduces the moment of inertia, both of which improve a vehicle's handling. FMR cars are often characterized by a long hood and front wheels that are pushed forward to the corners of the vehicle, close to the front bumper. 2+2-style grand tourers often have FMR l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mercedes-Benz M176/M177/M178 Engine
The M176/M177/M178 is a petrol V8 engine range designed by Mercedes-AMG, replacing the M278 and M157 engines, and is based on the M133 engine. The engine has two BorgWarner turbochargers positioned between the two cylinder heads in a "hot-V" configuration. The fuel injection system uses Bosch's new piezo-electric direct fuel injectors that deliver five squirts of fuel per combustion cycle. The M176 engines are mostly assembled by machine with some components assembled by technicians at Untertürkheim manufacturing centre outside Stuttgart. The M177 and M178 are individually assembled by the technicians in "one man, one engine" principle at the AMG manufacturing centre in Affalterbach. M176 The M176 version debuted in 2015 for the Mercedes-Benz G 500/G 550 and G 500 4x42. In 2019, M176 was equipped with EQ Boost mild hybrid 48V electrical system, producing additional output and of torque. This mild hybrid system was fitted to GLE 580 4MATIC and GLS 580 4MATIC. The M176 en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
V8 Engine
A V8 engine is an eight- cylinder piston engine in which two banks of four cylinders share a common crankshaft and are arranged in a V configuration. Origins The first known V8 was the Antoinette, designed by Léon Levavasseur, and built in 1904 by the French Antoinette company for use in speedboat racing, cars, and later, airplanes. Also in 1904, V8 engines began small-scale production by Renault and Buchet for use in race cars. Design V-angle Most engines use a V-angle (the angle between the two banks of cylinders) of 90 degrees. This angle results in good engine balance, which results in low vibrations. However, the downside is the greater width of the engine compared to those that use a smaller V-angle. V8 engines with a 60-degree V-angle were used in the 1996–1999 Ford Taurus SHO, the 2005–2011 Volvo XC90, and the 2006–2009 Volvo S80. The Ford engine used a 60-degree V-angle because it was based on a V6 engine with a 60-degree V-angle. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mercedes-Benz M278 Engine
The Mercedes-Benz M278 is a family of direct injected, Bi-turbocharged, V8 gasoline automotive piston engines. The M278 is derived from the company's previous M273 V8 engine, sharing its bore pitch, aluminium engine block, and Silitec aluminium/silicon low-friction cylinder liners. In contrast to the port-injected M273, the M278 features gasoline direct injection, with piezo-electrically actuated fuel injectors for more precise fuel delivery, and multi-spark ignition, which enables the spark plugs to be fired multiple times over the combustion sequence for more efficient combustion. Other changes relative to the M273 include an increased adjustment range for the variable valve timing system, a new timing chain arrangement, and new engine accessories (such as the oil pump, water pump, fuel pump, and alternator) which reduce parasitic loads. Many of these new features are shared with the M276 V6 engine family, which was announced at the same time. While the M273 was natural ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Twin-turbo
Twin-turbo is a type of turbo layout in which two turbochargers are used to compress the intake fuel/air mixture (or intake air, in the case of a direct-injection engine). The most common layout features two identical or mirrored turbochargers in parallel, each processing half of a V engine's produced exhaust through independent piping. The two turbochargers can either be matching or different sizes. The ga70 1ggte was the first inline 6 twin turbo in the world. Types and combinations There are three types of turbine setups used for twin-turbo setups: * Parallel * Sequential * Series These can be applied to any of the five types of compressor setups (which theoretically could have 15 different setups): * Compound Compressors * Staged Compound Compressors * Staged Sequential Compressors * Parallel Sequential Compressors * Parallel Compressors Parallel In a parallel configuration, two equally-sized turbochargers each receive half of the exhaust gases. Some designs combin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mercedes-Benz M276 Engine
The Mercedes-Benz M276 engine is a direct injected, gasoline automotive piston V6 engine. The M276 engine is not related to the Chrysler Pentastar except for the 60-degree angle, despite that it was developed while Chrysler was still owned by Daimler AG. This can be seen in its 60 degree vee–angle, as opposed to the 90-degree angle of its M272 predecessor. The 60 degree vee–angle eliminates the need for a balance shaft, improving refinement while reducing mechanical complexity. None of the parts are shared at all. The M276 engine features an aluminum engine block with Nanoslide cylinder coating and dual overhead camshafts with independent variable valve timing on 12 intake and 12 exhaust valves and a new 2–stage timing chain arrangement. The M276 also includes direct injection with piezo–electrically controlled injectors for 2 to 3 sprays per intake stroke in normal operation, multi–spark ignition that creates up to 4 sparks per cycle, and the demand–controlled fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Straight-six Engine
A straight-six engine (also referred to as an inline-six engine; abbreviated I6 or L6) is a piston engine with six cylinders arranged in a straight line along the crankshaft. A straight-six engine has perfect primary and secondary engine balance, resulting in fewer vibrations than other designs of six or fewer cylinders. Until the mid-20th century, the straight-six layout was the most common design for engines with six cylinders. However, V6 engines gradually became more common in the 1970s and by the 2000s, V6 engines had replaced straight-six engines in most light automotive applications. Characteristics In terms of packaging, straight-six engines are almost always narrower than a V6 engine or V8 engine, but longer than straight-four engines, V6s, and most V8s. Compared to V-configuration engines with similar power and displacement, the straight configuration has fewer injectors, a single head, and a single exhaust manifold, all contributing to better reliability and perfor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mercedes-Benz M256 Engine
The Mercedes-Benz M256 engine is a turbocharged straight-six engine produced since 2017, when it was first introduced on the W222 S 450. It replaces the previous M276 V6 engine, and is Mercedes' first straight-six engine since the M104 engine. Design The M256 shares a modular design with other inline-four and V8 engines, which are all per cylinder. It uses an aluminium alloy block with dual overhead camshafts and has 4 valves per cylinder. The M256 uses a 48V electrical system to operate a BorgWarner electric supercharger, which can spin up to 70,000 rpm to reduce turbo lag. In the S 500's G variant engine, an integrated starter alternator An alternator (or synchronous generator) is an electrical generator that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating current. For reasons of cost and simplicity, most alternators use a rotating magnetic field wit ... also provides up to and of boost, and replaces the drive belts by managing the wate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Straight-four Engine
A straight-four engine (also referred to as an inline-four engine) is a four-cylinder Reciprocating engine, piston engine where cylinders are arranged in a line along a common crankshaft. The majority of automotive four-cylinder engines use a straight-four layout (with the exceptions of the flat-four engines produced by Subaru and Porsche) and the layout is also very common in motorcycles and other machinery. Therefore the term "four-cylinder engine" is usually synonymous with straight-four engines. When a straight-four engine is installed at an inclined angle (instead of with the cylinders oriented vertically), it is sometimes called a Slant-4 engine, slant-four. Between 2005 and 2008, the proportion of new vehicles sold in the United States with four-cylinder engines rose from 30% to 47%. By the 2020 model year, the share for light-duty vehicles had risen to 59%. Design A four-stroke straight-four engine always has a cylinder on its power stroke, unlike engines with fewer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turbocharger
In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (also known as a turbo or a turbosupercharger) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake air, forcing more air into the engine in order to produce more power for a given displacement. Turbochargers are distinguished from superchargers in that a turbocharger is powered by the kinetic energy of the exhaust gases, whereas a is mechanically powered (usually by a belt from the engine's crankshaft). However, up until the mid-20th century, a turbocharger was called a "turbosupercharger" and was considered a type of supercharger. History Prior to the inv ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mercedes-Benz M260/M264 Engine
The M260 and M264 are turbocharged inline-four engines produced by Mercedes-Benz since 2017. It is the successor to the M270 and M274 engine. Design Both engines are based upon the outgoing M270 and the M274 respectively. Like the M270 and the M274, the M260 refers to the transverse configuration (for front-wheel drive models) while the M264 refers to the longitudinally mounted engine (for rear-wheel drive models). They use dual overhead camshafts with 4 valves per cylinder, feature twin-scroll turbochargers, and have particulate filters installed. M264 engines also have intake variable valve timing and a 48V system that powers the electric auxiliary compressor and integrated starter alternator. However, unlike M256 which uses a BorgWarner BorgWarner Inc. is an American automotive and Electric vehicle, e-mobility supplier headquartered in Auburn Hills, Michigan. As of 2023, the company maintains production facilities and sites at 92 locations in 24 countries, and gene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
