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Menién Language
Menién is an extinct language related to Kamakã. It is one of the Macro-Jê languages Macro-Jê (also spelled Macro-Gê) is a medium-sized language stock in South America, mostly in Brazil but also in the Chiquitanía region in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, as well as (formerly) in small parts of Argentina and Paraguay. It is centered on ... of Brazil.Nikulin, Andrey. 2020. Proto-Macro-Jê: um estudo reconstrutivo'. Doctoral dissertation, University of Brasília. References Extinct languages of South America Kamakã languages Indigenous languages of Northeastern Brazil {{Macro-Jê-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the seventh most populous. Its capital is Brasília, and its most populous city is São Paulo. The federation is composed of the union of the 26 States of Brazil, states and the Federal District (Brazil), Federal District. It is the largest country to have Portuguese language, Portuguese as an List of territorial entities where Portuguese is an official language, official language and the only one in the Americas; one of the most Multiculturalism, multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass Immigration to Brazil, immigration from around the world; and the most populous Catholic Church by country, Roman Catholic-majority country. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a Coastline of Brazi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bahia
Bahia ( , , ; meaning "bay") is one of the 26 Federative units of Brazil, states of Brazil, located in the Northeast Region, Brazil, Northeast Region of the country. It is the fourth-largest Brazilian state by population (after São Paulo (state), São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro (state), Rio de Janeiro) and the 5th-largest by area. Bahia's capital is the city of Salvador, Bahia, Salvador (formerly known as "Cidade do São Salvador da Bahia de Todos os Santos", literally "City of the Saint Savior of the Bay of All the Saints"), on a Spit (landform), spit of land separating the Bay of All Saints from the Atlantic. Once a monarchial stronghold dominated by Agriculture in Brazil, agricultural, Slavery in Brazil, slaving, and ranching interests, Bahia is now a predominantly Working class, working-class industrial and agricultural state. The state is home to 7% of the Brazilian population and produces 4.2% of the country's GDP. Name The name of the state derives from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macro-Jê Languages
Macro-Jê (also spelled Macro-Gê) is a medium-sized language stock in South America, mostly in Brazil but also in the Chiquitanía region in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, as well as (formerly) in small parts of Argentina and Paraguay. It is centered on the Jê language family, with most other branches currently being single languages due to recent extinctions. Families The Macro-Jê family was first proposed in 1926, and has undergone moderate modifications since then. Kaufman (1990) finds the proposal "probable". * Jê * Jeikó † * Krenák (Botocudo) ** Krenak (10 speakers) * Borôroan **Bororo ***Bororo (1,400 speakers) *** Umotína † ** Otuke † * Kamakã † *Karajá (2,700 speakers) * Karirí † * Maxakalían * Ofayé (2 speakers) * Purían † * Rikbaktsá * Yabutian oribund Eduardo Ribeiro of the University of Chicago finds no evidence to classify Fulniô (Yatê) and Guató as Macro-Jê, ''pace'' Kaufman, nor Otí, ''pace'' Greenberg. Ribeiro does include Chiquitano, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kamakã Languages
The Kamakã languages are a small family of extinct Macro-Jê languages of Bahía, northeastern Brazil. The attested Kamakã languages are: * (northern) Kamakã (dialects: Mongoyó/Mangaló), Kotoxó, Menién * (southern) Masakará Varieties Loukotka (1968) Below is a full list of Kamakã languages and dialects listed by Loukotka (1968), including names of unattested varieties. ;Southern * Kamakán / Ezeshio - once spoken on the Ilhéus River, De Contas River and Pardo River, Bahia state. *Mangaló / Mongoyo / Monshoko - extinct language once spoken on the lower Pardo River near the frontier of Bahia and Minas Gerais states. *Kutasho / Cotoxo / Catathoy - once spoken between the Pardo River and De Contas River. * Menien / Manyã - once spoken at the sources of the Jequitinhonha River. *Dendi - once spoken in the Serra Geral de Condeúba, frontier area between the states of Bahia and Minas Gerais. (Unattested) *Catolé - once spoken in the state of Minas Gerais in the v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinct Languages Of South America
This is a partial list of extinct languages of South America, languages which have undergone language death, have no native speakers and no spoken descendant. There are 176 languages listed. Argentina * Abipón *Chané * Cacán * Het * All languages of the Charruan family, as Chaná and Güenoa * Henia-Camiare *Huarpe languages: Allentiac and Millcayac * Lule *Ona * Puelche * Tehuelche * Tonocoté Bolivia * Canichana * Cayubaba * Chane * Itene *Saraveca * Sirinó Brazil * Acroá * Arara * Arawá * Aroã * Guana * Kaimbé * Kamakan *Kamba * Kambiwá * Kanoé *Kapinawá * Kariri-Xocó * Maritsauá * Nukuini * Oti * Otuke * Pankararé * Paranawát * Pataxó-Hãhaãi *Potiguara *Puri *Tapeba * Tingui-Boto * Truká * Tukumanféd * Turiwara * Tuxá * Tuxinawa * Uamué * Umotina * Wakoná * Wasu * Wiraféd * Xakriabá * Yabaâna Chile * Kakauhua * Chono *Selk'nam Colombia * Aarufi * Andaqui * Anserma * Arma-Pozo * Atanque * Atunceta * Barbacoas *Calamari *Chibcha * Chitarer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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