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Menger
Menger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Andreas Menger (born 1972), former German football player * Anton Menger (1841–1906), Austrian economist and author; brother of Carl Menger * Carl Menger (1840–1921), Austrian economist and author; founder of the Austrian School of economics * Howard Menger (1922–2009), American who claimed to have met extraterrestrials * Karl Menger (1902–1985), Austrian-born mathematician and son of economist Carl Menger * Kirsten Menger-Anderson (born 1969), American fiction writer See also * Menger Hotel, San Antonio Texas * Menger sponge, a fractal curve * Menger's theorem * Menger–Urysohn dimension; see Inductive dimension * Cayley–Menger determinant; see Distance geometry * * Manger __NOTOC__ A manger or trough is a rack for fodder, or a structure or feeder used to hold food for animals. The word comes from the Old French ''mangier'' (meaning "to eat"), from Latin ''mandere'' (meaning "to chew"). Mangers a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Menger Hotel
The Menger Hotel is a historic hotel located in downtown San Antonio, Texas, USA, on the site of the Battle of the Alamo. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977 as a contributing building in the Alamo Plaza Historic District. (PDF document also availablhere .) The Menger family William and Mary Menger opened the Menger hotel in 1859 in what is now San Antonio's Alamo Plaza Historic District, which includes the Alamo Mission. The plans for the hotel arose through the popularity of William Menger's brewery. The Mengers sold the property in 1881 to the Kampmann family. William Menger had emigrated from Germany to America in 1847. Menger settled in San Antonio and resumed his previous trade as a cooper and brewer. With his German roots Menger brought beer to San Antonio. He opened the Menger Brewery in 1855 on the battle-grounds of the Alamo (now known as the Alamo Plaza). Construction In 1858 the Mengers hired an architect, John M. Fries, along with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Menger
Carl Menger von Wolfensgrün (; ; 28 February 1840 – 26 February 1921) was an Austrian economist and the founder of the Austrian School of economics. Menger contributed to the development of the theories of marginalism and marginal utility, which rejected cost-of-production theory of value, such as developed by the classical economists such as Adam Smith and David Ricardo. As a departure from such, he would go on to call his resultant perspective, the subjective theory of value. Biography Family and education Carl Menger von Wolfensgrün was born in the city of Neu-Sandez in Galicia, Austrian Empire, which is now Nowy Sącz in Poland. He was the son of a wealthy family of minor nobility; his father, Anton Menger, was a lawyer. His mother, Caroline Gerżabek, was the daughter of a wealthy Bohemian merchant. He had two brothers, Anton and Max, both prominent as lawyers. His son, Karl Menger, was a mathematician who taught for many years at Illinois Institute of Technolog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Menger Sponge
In mathematics, the Menger sponge (also known as the Menger cube, Menger universal curve, Sierpinski cube, or Sierpinski sponge) is a fractal curve. It is a three-dimensional generalization of the one-dimensional Cantor set and two-dimensional Sierpinski carpet. It was first described by Karl Menger in 1926, in his studies of the concept of topological dimension. Construction The construction of a Menger sponge can be described as follows: # Begin with a cube. # Divide every face of the cube into nine squares, like Rubik's Cube. This sub-divides the cube into 27 smaller cubes. # Remove the smaller cube in the middle of each face, and remove the smaller cube in the center of the more giant cube, leaving 20 smaller cubes. This is a level-1 Menger sponge (resembling a void cube). # Repeat steps two and three for each of the remaining smaller cubes, and continue to iterate ''ad infinitum''. The second iteration gives a level-2 sponge, the third iteration gives a level-3 sponge, and s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Menger
Karl Menger (January 13, 1902 – October 5, 1985) was an Austrian-American mathematician, the son of the economist Carl Menger. In mathematics, Menger studied the theory of algebras and the dimension theory of low- regularity ("rough") curves and regions; in graph theory, he is credited with Menger's theorem. Outside of mathematics, Menger has substantial contributions to game theory and social sciences. Biography Karl Menger was a student of Hans Hahn and received his PhD from the University of Vienna in 1924. L. E. J. Brouwer invited Menger in 1925 to teach at the University of Amsterdam. In 1927, he returned to Vienna to accept a professorship there. In 1930 and 1931 he was visiting lecturer at Harvard University and the Rice Institute. From 1937 to 1946 he was a professor at the University of Notre Dame. From 1946 to 1971, he was a professor at Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) in Chicago. In 1983, IIT awarded Menger a Doctor of Humane Letters and Sciences degree. C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Howard Menger
Howard Menger (February 17, 1922 – February 25, 2009) was an American contactee who claimed to have met extraterrestrials throughout the course of his life, meetings which were the subject of books he wrote, such as ''From Outer Space To You'' and ''The High Bridge Incident''. Menger, who rose to prominence as a charismatic contactee detailing his chats with friendly Adamski-style Venusian "space brothers" in the late 1950s, was accepted by some UFO believers. Later in his life Menger stated in several documentaries that he believed he had misunderstood the space aliens and where they came from. He stated the space aliens did not live on Venus but they had bases on Venus or were passing by or exploring the planet. Menger also wrote about this newer position about where he believed the space people come from in one of his later books. Menger states: "'Years ago, on a T.V. program, when I first voiced my opinion that the people I met and talked with from the craft might not be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Distance Geometry
Distance geometry is the branch of mathematics concerned with characterizing and studying sets of points based ''only'' on given values of the distances between pairs of points. More abstractly, it is the study of semimetric spaces and the isometric transformations between them. In this view, it can be considered as a subject within general topology. Historically, the first result in distance geometry is Heron's formula in 1st century AD. The modern theory began in 19th century with work by Arthur Cayley, followed by more extensive developments in the 20th century by Karl Menger and others. Distance geometry problems arise whenever one needs to infer the shape of a configuration of points ( relative positions) from the distances between them, such as in biology, sensor network, surveying, navigation, cartography, and physics. Introduction and definitions The concepts of distance geometry will first be explained by describing two particular problems. First problem: hyperbo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anton Menger
Anton Menger von Wolfensgrün (12 September 1841, Maniów, Galicia – 6 February 1906, Rome), was an Austrian juridical expert and social theorist who aside from his collegiate works predominantly dedicated himself to propagating socialist literature on juridical grounds. He is the author of "The Right to the Whole Produce of Labor", "The Civil Law and the Poor" among others. He was the brother of Austrian economist Carl Menger. Life and works Menger was a university professor for the law of civil process in Vienna from 1874 until 1899, where he was also the Vice Chancellor from 1895 to 1896. Carl Menger was his brother. Menger's theses and arguments stem from a changed social structure, that was shaped by the economic crisis (1873) and social questions that sought answers from liberal politics ("invisible hand" Adam Smith) in the pursuit of social justice. His juridical interests are assumed to be different than Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in dealing with all theoretical l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Menger's Theorem
In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, Menger's theorem says that in a finite graph, the size of a minimum cut set is equal to the maximum number of disjoint paths that can be found between any pair of vertices. Proved by Karl Menger in 1927, it characterizes the connectivity of a graph. It is generalized by the max-flow min-cut theorem, which is a weighted, edge version, and which in turn is a special case of the strong duality theorem for linear programs. Edge connectivity The edge-connectivity version of Menger's theorem is as follows: :Let ''G'' be a finite undirected graph and ''x'' and ''y'' two distinct vertices. Then the size of the minimum edge cut for ''x'' and ''y'' (the minimum number of edges whose removal disconnects ''x'' and ''y'') is equal to the maximum number of pairwise edge-independent paths from ''x'' to ''y''. :Extended to all pairs: a graph is ''k''-edge-connected (it remains connected after removing fewer than ''k'' edges) if and only if e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andreas Menger
Andreas Menger (born 11 September 1972 in West Berlin) is a former German football player and currently goalkeeping coach of Hertha BSC. The netminder played in German professional football between 1997 until 2005. But merely in his first season at the Cologne side he assured a regular spot. After the ''Billy Goats'' relegated, he had only eight appearances. In winter of the 1998–99 season, he was transferred to MSV Duisburg. While playing twelve times with the ''Zebras'', he never played in one game when he was under contract for Frankfurt. Nevertheless, the executives were convinced of his abilities and from 2005 to 2011 he was the goalkeeping coach of the eagles, after splitting his duties between being a stand-by goalkeeper and coaching the keepers. In July 2011, Menger became new goalkeeping coach of VfB Stuttgart Verein für Bewegungsspiele Stuttgart 1893 e. V., commonly known as VfB Stuttgart (), is a German sports club based in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg. The club ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kirsten Menger-Anderson
Kirsten Menger-Anderson (born December 6, 1969 in Santa Cruz, California) is an American fiction writer. Her first book, a collection of linked short stories titled ''Doctor Olaf van Schuler's Brain'', was published by Algonquin Books in 2008. A number of the collected stories have also appeared in literary journals, such as Ploughshares and the Southwest Review. Menger-Anderson has a degree in Economics from Haverford College and an MA in English and creative writing from San Francisco State University. She previously held positions at Salon.com and Wired.com. Menger-Anderson currently lives in an old Victorian house in San Francisco with her husband and children. Her grandfather is the mathematician Karl Menger. Publications * ''Doctor Olaf van Schuler’s Brain'', a collection of linked short stories, Algonquin, September, 2008 * ''Salk and Sabin'', a short story, Ploughshares, Issue #106 Vol. 34/2&3 Fall 2008 * ''The Doctors'', a short story, Post Road, Issue 16 Fall/Winte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inductive Dimension
In the mathematical field of topology, the inductive dimension of a topological space ''X'' is either of two values, the small inductive dimension ind(''X'') or the large inductive dimension Ind(''X''). These are based on the observation that, in ''n''-dimensional Euclidean space ''R''''n'', (''n'' − 1)-dimensional spheres (that is, the boundaries of ''n''-dimensional balls) have dimension ''n'' − 1. Therefore it should be possible to define the dimension of a space inductively in terms of the dimensions of the boundaries of suitable open sets. The small and large inductive dimensions are two of the three most usual ways of capturing the notion of "dimension" for a topological space, in a way that depends only on the topology (and not, say, on the properties of a metric space). The other is the Lebesgue covering dimension. The term "topological dimension" is ordinarily understood to refer to the Lebesgue covering dimension. For "sufficiently nice" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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