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Melungeon DNA Project
The Melungeon DNA Project is a genetic study started in 2005 by the private company Family Tree DNA of people with identified Melungeon ancestors (according to historic records), mostly residing in Hancock County, Tennessee and people with ancestors identified as Carmel Indians who lived in nearby areas of Kentucky. The Melungeon people are a mixed-race group who married within the group up until about 1900. There was speculation about their identity and ancestry for decades, and many differing accounts of their origins. This study was started in 2005. Researchers published an article in 2012 summarizing their results. The female ancestors were shown to have had European DNA, while male ancestors had DNA from African or European haplogroups. Only one male had a Native American haplogroup. Background The term "Melungeon" was used by others from the early 19th century to describe a group of people living in Hancock County, Tennessee, and nearby areas. It was originally a pejora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family Tree DNA
FamilyTreeDNA is a division of Gene by Gene, a commercial genetic testing company based in Houston, Texas. FamilyTreeDNA offers analysis of autosomal DNA, YDNA, Y-DNA, and mitochondrial DNA to individuals for genealogical purpose. With a database of more than two million records, it is the most popular company worldwide for Y-DNA and mitochondrial DNA, and the fourth most popular for autosomal DNA. In Europe, it is the most common also for autosomal DNA. FamilyTreeDNA as a division of Gene by Gene were acquired by MYDNA, Inc., an Australian company in January 2021. History Concept and founding (2000–2002) FamilyTreeDNA was founded based on an idea conceived by Bennett Greenspan, a lifelong entrepreneur and genealogy enthusiast. In 1999, Greenspan had entered semi-retirement and was working on his family history. He began work on his mother's Nitz lineage. When faced with a roadblock in his work, he remembered two cases of genetics being used to prove ancestry that had recen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carrying Arms
The right to keep and bear arms (often referred to as the right to bear arms) is a right for people to possess weapons (arms) for the preservation of life, liberty, and property. The purpose of gun rights is for self-defense, including security against tyranny, as well as hunting and sporting activities. Countries that guarantee the right to keep and bear arms include the Czech Republic, Guatemala, Switzerland, Ukraine, the United States, and Yemen. Background The Bill of Rights 1689 allowed Protestant citizens of England to "have Arms for their Defence suitable to their Conditions and as allowed by Law" and restricted the ability of the English Crown to have a standing army or to interfere with Protestants' right to bear arms "when Papists were both Armed and Imployed contrary to Law" and established that Parliament, not the Crown, could regulate the right to bear arms. Sir William Blackstone wrote in the 18th century that the right to have arms was auxiliary to the "natur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Williams (surname)
Williams is a common patronymic form of the name William (name), William that originated in medieval England, Wales, France, and Italy.Reaney & Wilson p.493 The meaning is derived from ''son'' or ''descendant of William'', the Northern French language, French form that also gave the English name William. Derived from an Old French given name with Germanic languages, Germanic elements; ''will'' = desire, will; and ''helm'' = helmet, protection. It can be an Anglicised form of the Dutch language, Dutch surname Willems. It is the second most common surname in New Zealand; third most common in Wales and the United States and fourth most common in Australia. Surname history The English name Williams is a patronymic surname, derived from the personal name Williams and is takes its names from the Old German words Willihelm and Willelm (the Norman French version was Guillaume). In the aftermath of Norman conquest of England, 1066 Norman invasion of England, Williams became the most popula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Collins (surname)
The surname Collins has a variety of likely origins in Britain and Ireland: # English and Scottish: A patronymic surname based on the English and Scottish name Colin, an English diminutive form of Nicholas. # Norse: From the Old Norse personal name "Kollungr", a form of "koli" which in Old English became 'Cola', meaning swarthy or dark. # Irish: The medieval surname was Ua Cuiléin, which has usually become Ó Coileáin today. # Welsh: Collen; "hazel, hazel grove". Alternative spellings or related surnames include Collin, Colling, Coling, Collings, Colings, Collis, Coliss, Collen, and Collens. A great number of Welsh origin surnames share a similar etymology to English ones – where in English names the forename of the patriarch is suffixed with 'SON' (as in Peterson, Richardson, Johnson) in Welsh names the 'SON' is simply the letter "S" (Phillips, Davies, Davis, Williams) and Collins may have been one of the surnames to have originated in this way. The Domesday Book (compil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minor (surname)
Minor is a surname shared by several notable people: * Benjamin Blake Minor (1818-1905), American educator and writer * Charles Landon Carter Minor (1835-1903), American educator * Claudie Minor (born 1951), American professional football player * Edward S. Minor (1840-1924), American politician * Ethel Minor (born 1922), American civil rights activist * George Minor (1845-1904), American composer * Halsey Minor (born 1964), American technology entrepreneur * John B. Minor (1813-1895), American law professor * Robert Minor (1882-1952), American cartoonist and radical * Robert Crannell Minor (1839-1904), American artist * Robert Lee Minor (born 1944), American actor and stuntman * Shane Minor (born 1968), American country music singer-songwriter * Virginia Minor (1824-1894), American women's suffrage activist * William Chester Minor William Chester Minor (also known as W. C. Minor; 22 June 1834 – 26 March 1920), was an American army surgeon, psychiatric-hospital patient, and l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gibson (surname)
Gibson is a surname of Scottish origin. It is an anglicised form the Scottish Gaelic ''Mac Gibealláin'' and can be a sept of Clan Campbell, Clan Buchanan or Clan MacMillan. Alternatively it is from a form of the common medieval name ''Gib'', which is a short form of ''Gilbert''. Variant forms of the surname include ''Gibsoun'', ''Gipson'', ''Gibbson'', '' Gibbons'', '' Gilson'', ''Gibb'', '' Gibbs'' and '' Gibby'' amongst others. The personal name ''Gilbert'' was introduced into Britain by followers of William the Conqueror after the Norman Invasion of 1066. The Norman name was originally found as ''Gislebert'' or ''Gillebert'', and is composed of the Germanic elements ''Gisil'', meaning "hostage" or "noble youth", and ''berht'', meaning "bright" or "famous". ''Gilbert'' became a very popular given name in England and Scotland during the Middle Ages. Notable people with the surname Gibson *Aaron Gibson (born 1977), American football player * Adam Gibson (born 1986), Australian ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goins (surname)
Goins is a surname. "Irish: variant of Going. Possibly an altered form of German Göing (see Going)" (Ancestry.com, 2013). It also comes from the French province of Bourbonnais. Notable people with the surname include: * Boris Goins (born 1967), American sprinter * Edray Herber Goins (born 1972), African-American mathematician * Glenn Goins (1954–1978), American singer-songwriter and musician * Herbie Goins (born 1939), American singer * Jesse D. Goins, American actor * Michele Goins, American businesswoman * Ray Goins (1936–2007), American bluegrass banjoist * Ryan Goins Ryan Matthew Goins (born February 13, 1988) is an American professional baseball second baseman and shortstop in the Kansas City Royals organization. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Toronto Blue Jays, Royals, and C ... (born 1988), American professional baseball player References {{Reflist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bunch (surname)
Bunch is a surname. According to George Fraser Black (''The Surnames of Scotland'', 1946), it is "a surname peculiar to Perth and neighbourhood, and found in Perth so early as first half of the fifteenth century". Surname Notable people with the surname include: * Arthur Bunch (1909–1973), football player *Carl Bunch (1939–2011), American musician * Charles Bunch (born 1950), American businessman *Charlotte Bunch (born 1944), American feminist author *Chris Bunch (1943–2005), American science fiction and television writer * David R. Bunch, American writer of short stories and poetry * Dewayne Bunch (other), multiple people *Greg Bunch (born 1956), retired American basketball player *Jarrod Bunch (born 1968), former American football player and actor *Jim Bunch (born 1956), American football player and businessmanJimmy Bunch(born 1956), Bluegrass Banjo Player *John Bunch (1921–2010), American jazz pianist *Jon Bunch (1970–2016), American rock singer and songwriter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondrial DNA is only a small portion of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell; most of the DNA can be found in the cell nucleus and, in plants and algae, also in plastids such as chloroplasts. Human mitochondrial DNA was the first significant part of the human genome to be sequenced. This sequencing revealed that the human mtDNA includes 16,569 base pairs and encodes 13 proteins. Since animal mtDNA evolves faster than nuclear genetic markers, it represents a mainstay of phylogenetics and evolutionary biology. It also permits an examination of the relatedness of populations, and so has become important in anthropology and biogeography. Origin Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA are thought to be of separate evolutionary origin, with the mtDNA being derived ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Y Chromosome
The Y chromosome is one of two sex chromosomes (allosomes) in therian mammals, including humans, and many other animals. The other is the X chromosome. Y is normally the sex-determining chromosome in many species, since it is the presence or absence of Y that determines the male or female sex of offspring produced in sexual reproduction. In mammals, the Y chromosome contains the gene SRY, which triggers male development. The DNA in the human Y chromosome is composed of about 59 million base pairs, making it similar in size to chromosome 19. The Y chromosome is passed only from father to son. With a 30% difference between humans and chimpanzees, the Y chromosome is one of the fastest-evolving parts of the human genome. The human Y chromosome carries an estimated 100–200 genes, with between 45 and 73 of these being protein-coding. All single-copy Y-linked genes are hemizygous (present on only one chromosome) except in cases of aneuploidy such as XYY syndrome or XXYY syndrome. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archivist
An archivist is an information professional who assesses, collects, organizes, preserves, maintains control over, and provides access to Document, records and archives determined to have long-term value. The records maintained by an archivist can consist of a variety of forms, including letters, diaries, logs, other personal documents, government documents, sound and/or picture recordings, digital files, or other physical objects. Description As Richard Pearce-Moses wrote: Determining what records have enduring value can be challenging. Archivists must also select records valuable enough to justify the costs of storage and preservation, plus the labor-intensive expenses of arrangement, description, and reference service. The theory and scholarly work underpinning archives practices is called archival science. The most common related occupations are librarians, Curator, museum curators, and records managers. The occupation of archivist is distinct from that of librarian. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hawkins County, Tennessee
Hawkins County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 56,721. Its county seat is Rogersville, Hawkins County is part of the Kingsport–Bristol–Bristol, TN- VA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area, commonly known as the " Tri-Cities" region. History The land was given to William Armstrong as a land grant in the 1780s. With Armstrong built Stony Point. Armstrong's landholding was established as a county in 1787. It was named for Benjamin Hawkins, a U.S. Senator from North Carolina, the state which it was a part of at that time. In 1797, Louis Philippe (who would become King of the French in 1830) visited Armstrong's estate. During the American Civil War, Hawkins County saw combat. The Battle of Rogersville took place on November 6, 1863. Since the 1940s, a 1,900-2,200 acre area western Hawkins County was propose ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
