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Megalocottus
''Megalocottus'' is a small genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. These fishes are found in the western Pacific Ocean. Taxonomy ''Megalocottus'' was first proposed as a monospecific genus in 1861 by the American biologist Theodore Gill with ''Cottus paltycephalus'' which had been described in 1814 by Peter Simon Pallas from Kamchatka and the Sea of Okhotsk as its only species. The 5th edition of ''Fishes of the World'' classifies this genus in the subfamily Cottinae of the family Cottidae but other authorities classify it in the subfamily Myoxocephalinae of the family Psychrolutidae, although others place the subfamily Myoxocephalinae within the Cottidae. Etymology ''Megalocottus'' prefixes ''megalo'' meaning "great" or large" with Cottus, presumed to be a reference to the large size of the type species. Species ''Megalocottus'' currently contains two recognized: * ''Megalocottus platycephalus'' (Pallas, 1814) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megalocottus Taeniopterus
''Megalocottus'' is a small genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. These fishes are found in the western Pacific Ocean. Taxonomy ''Megalocottus'' was first proposed as a monospecific genus in 1861 by the American biologist Theodore Gill with ''Cottus paltycephalus'' which had been described in 1814 by Peter Simon Pallas from Kamchatka and the Sea of Okhotsk as its only species. The 5th edition of ''Fishes of the World'' classifies this genus in the subfamily Cottinae of the family Cottidae but other authorities classify it in the subfamily Myoxocephalinae of the family Psychrolutidae, although others place the subfamily Myoxocephalinae within the Cottidae. Etymology ''Megalocottus'' prefixes ''megalo'' meaning "great" or large" with Cottus, presumed to be a reference to the large size of the type species. Species ''Megalocottus'' currently contains two recognized: * ''Megalocottus platycephalus'' (Pallas, 1814) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megalocottus
''Megalocottus'' is a small genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. These fishes are found in the western Pacific Ocean. Taxonomy ''Megalocottus'' was first proposed as a monospecific genus in 1861 by the American biologist Theodore Gill with ''Cottus paltycephalus'' which had been described in 1814 by Peter Simon Pallas from Kamchatka and the Sea of Okhotsk as its only species. The 5th edition of ''Fishes of the World'' classifies this genus in the subfamily Cottinae of the family Cottidae but other authorities classify it in the subfamily Myoxocephalinae of the family Psychrolutidae, although others place the subfamily Myoxocephalinae within the Cottidae. Etymology ''Megalocottus'' prefixes ''megalo'' meaning "great" or large" with Cottus, presumed to be a reference to the large size of the type species. Species ''Megalocottus'' currently contains two recognized: * ''Megalocottus platycephalus'' (Pallas, 1814) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megalocottus Platycephalus
The belligerent sculpin (''Megalocottus platycephalus''), or flathead sculpin, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. This species occurs in the northern Pacific Ocean. Taxonomy The belligerent sculpin was first formally described in 1814 as ''Cottus platycephalus'' by the German zoologist Peter Simon Pallas with its type locality given as Kamchatka and the Sea of Okhotsk. In 1861 the American biologist Theodore Gill classified this species in the monospecific genus '' Megalocottus''. Some authorities consider the belligerent sculpin to be the still the only species in its genus, either recognising the Southern flathead sculpin (''M. taeniopterus'') as a subspecies or junior synonym of ''M. platycephalus''. Fishbase still recognises two species within the genus ''Megalocottus''. The specific name ''playcephalus'' means "flat head", a reference to the wide, flat head with a projecting lower jaw. Description The belligere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cottidae
The Cottidae are a family of fish in the superfamily Cottoidea, the sculpins. It is the largest sculpin family, with about 275 species in 70 genera.Kane, E. A. and T. E. Higham. (2012)Life in the flow lane: differences in pectoral fin morphology suggest transitions in station-holding demand across species of marine sculpin.''Zoology'' (Jena) 115(4), 223-32. They are referred to simply as cottids to avoid confusion with sculpins of other families. Cottids are distributed worldwide, especially in boreal and colder temperate climates. The center of diversity is the northern Pacific Ocean. Species occupy many types of aquatic habitats, including marine and fresh waters, and deep and shallow zones. A large number occur in near-shore marine habitat types, such as kelp forests and shallow reefs. They can be found in estuaries and in bodies of fresh water. Most cottids are small fish, under in length. The species ''Scorpaenichthys marmoratus'' can be up to in length.Froese, R. and D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cottinae
Cottinae is a subfamily of ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpin A sculpin is a type of fish that belongs to the superfamily Cottoidea in the order Scorpaeniformes.Kane, E. A. and T. E. Higham. (2012)Life in the flow lane: differences in pectoral fin morphology suggest transitions in station-holding demand a ...s. The subfamily has species throughout the northern hemisphere in both marine and freshwater habitats. Genera The following genera are included within the subfamily Cottinae: References {{Taxonbar, from=Q116151118 Cottidae Taxa named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte Ray-finned fish subfamilies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodore Gill
Theodore Nicholas Gill (March 21, 1837 – September 25, 1914) was an American ichthyologist, mammalogist, malacologist and librarian. Career Born and educated in New York City under private tutors, Gill early showed interest in natural history. He was associated with J. Carson Brevoort in the arrangement of the latter's entomological and ichthyological collections before going to Washington D.C. in 1863 to work at the Smithsonian Institution. He catalogued mammals, fishes and mollusks most particularly although maintaining proficiency in other orders of animals. He was librarian at the Smithsonian and also senior assistant to the Library of Congress. He was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1867. Gill was professor of zoology at George Washington University. He was also a member of the Megatherium Club at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. Fellow members frequently mocked him for his vanity. He was president of the American Associati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cottus (fish)
''Cottus'' is a genus of the mainly freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. They are often referred to as the "freshwater sculpins", as they are the principal genus of sculpins to be found in fresh water. They are native to the Palearctic and Nearctic. They are small fish, mostly less than in length, although a few species can reach twice that size. Taxonomy ''Cottus'' was first proposed as a genus by Carl Linnaeus in the 10th edition of the ''Systema Naturae'' when he described the European bullhead (''Cottus gobio'') and in 1850 this species was designated as the type species of the genus by the French ichthyologist Charles Frédéric Girard. The 5th edition of the ''Fishes of the World'' classifies this genus within the subfamily Cottinae of the family Cottidae. Other authorities have found that the Cottidae, as delimited in the 5th edition of Fishes of the World, is paraphyletic and that the monophyletic grouping is the freshwate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genes (journal)
''Genes'' is a quarterly peer-reviewed open access scientific journal that is published by MDPI. The editor-in-chief is J. Peter W. Young (University of York). It covers all topics related to genes, genetics, and genomics. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in: * Chemical Abstracts * EBSCOhost * EMBASE * Science Citation Index Expanded * Scopus Scopus is Elsevier's abstract and citation database launched in 2004. Scopus covers nearly 36,377 titles (22,794 active titles and 13,583 inactive titles) from approximately 11,678 publishers, of which 34,346 are peer-reviewed journals in top-l ... References External links * {{Official website, http://www.mdpi.com/journal/genes/ Genetics journals Open access journals Publications established in 2010 Quarterly journals English-language journals MDPI academic journals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fourhorn Sculpin
The fourhorn sculpin (''Myoxocephalus quadricornis'') is a species of fish in the family Cottidae. It is a demersal fish distributed mainly in brackish arctic coastal waters in Canada, Greenland, Russia, and Alaska, and also as a relict in the boreal Baltic Sea. There are also freshwater populations in the lakes of Norway, Sweden, Finland and Karelia (NW Russia) and in Arctic Canada (Nunavut and Northwest Territories). The deepwater sculpin ''Myoxocephalus thompsonii'' of continental North American freshwater lakes (e.g., the Great Lakes) is closely related to the fourhorn sculpin and alternatively considered as a subspecies of the latter, ''Myoxocephalus quadricornis thompsonii''. Description The fourhorn sculpin has a large knobbly head with protruding lips and four bony protuberances, though the latter are not present in freshwater, lake forms of this fish. The pectoral fins are large and rounded. Freshwater forms resemble the Alpine bullhead and European bullhead but can be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondrial DNA is only a small portion of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell; most of the DNA can be found in the cell nucleus and, in plants and algae, also in plastids such as chloroplasts. Human mitochondrial DNA was the first significant part of the human genome to be sequenced. This sequencing revealed that the human mtDNA includes 16,569 base pairs and encodes 13 proteins. Since animal mtDNA evolves faster than nuclear genetic markers, it represents a mainstay of phylogenetics and evolutionary biology. It also permits an examination of the relatedness of populations, and so has become important in anthropology and biogeography. Origin Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA are thought to be of separate evolutionary origin, with the mtDNA being derived ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myoxocephalus
''Myoxocephalus'' is a genus of fish in the sculpin family Cottidae. Most species live in marine waters, but there are also three freshwater species, including two that occupy northern lakes ('' Myoxocephalus quadricornis'' and '' M. thompsonii''). The name is derived from Greek ''myos'' (muscle) and ''kephale'' (head). Species There are currently 16 recognized species in this genus: * ''Myoxocephalus aenaeus'' ( Mitchill, 1814) (Grubby) * '' Myoxocephalus brandtii'' ( Steindachner, 1867) * '' Myoxocephalus jaok'' (G. Cuvier, 1829) (Plain sculpin) * '' Myoxocephalus matsubarai'' (Watanabe, 1958) ( ? = '' M. jaok'')Eschmeyer, W.N. (2015matsubarai, MyoxocephalusCatalog of Fishes (March 2015) * '' Myoxocephalus niger'' ( T. H. Bean, 1881) (Warthead sculpin) * '' Myoxocephalus ochotensis'' ( P. J. Schmidt, 1929) * ''Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosus'' ( Mitchill, 1815) (Longhorn sculpin) * '' Myoxocephalus polyacanthocephalus'' (Pallas, 1814) (Great sculpin) * '' Myoxocephalus q ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sister Taxon
In phylogenetics, a sister group or sister taxon, also called an adelphotaxon, comprises the closest relative(s) of another given unit in an evolutionary tree. Definition The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram: Taxon A and taxon B are sister groups to each other. Taxa A and B, together with any other extant or extinct descendants of their most recent common ancestor (MRCA), form a monophyletic group, the clade AB. Clade AB and taxon C are also sister groups. Taxa A, B, and C, together with all other descendants of their MRCA form the clade ABC. The whole clade ABC is itself a subtree of a larger tree which offers yet more sister group relationships, both among the leaves and among larger, more deeply rooted clades. The tree structure shown connects through its root to the rest of the universal tree of life. In cladistic standards, taxa A, B, and C may represent specimens, species, genera, or any other taxonomic units. If A and B are at the same taxonomi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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