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Medical Writing
A medical writer, also referred to as medical communicator, is a person who applies the principles of clinical research in developing clinical trial documents that effectively and clearly describe research results, product use, and other medical information. The medical writer develops any of the five modules of the Common Technical Document. The medical writers also ensure that their documents comply with regulatory, journal, or other guidelines in terms of content, format, and structure. Medical writing as a function became established in the pharmaceutical, medical device industry and Contract Research Organizations (CROs) because the industry recognized that it requires special skill to produce well-structured documents that present information clearly and concisely. All new drugs go through the increasingly complex process of clinical trials and regulatory procedures that lead to market approval. This demand for the clear articulation of medical science, drives the demand for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clinical Research
Clinical research is a branch of healthcare science that determines the safety and effectiveness ( efficacy) of medications, devices, diagnostic products and treatment regimens intended for human use. These may be used for prevention, treatment, diagnosis or for relieving symptoms of a disease. Clinical research is different from clinical practice. In clinical practice established treatments are used, while in clinical research evidence is collected to establish a treatment. Overview The term "clinical research" refers to the entire bibliography of a drug/device/biologic, in fact any test article from its inception in the lab to its introduction to the consumer market and beyond. Once the promising candidate or the molecule is identified in the lab, it is subjected to pre-clinical studies or animal studies where different aspects of the test article (including its safety toxicity if applicable and efficacy, if possible at this early stage) are studied. In the United States ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of Science Editors
The Council of Science Editors (CSE), formerly the Council of Biology Editors (CBE; 1965–2000) and originally the Conference of Biology Editors (CBE; 1957–1965), is a United States-based nonprofit organization that supports editorial practice among scientific writers. In 2008, the CSE adopted the slogan "CSE: Education, Ethics, and Evidence for Editors (E4)". A volunteer board of directors leads the Council, with the assistance of several committees. CSE is managed by Kellen Company, located in Wheat Ridge, Colorado. History and organization The organization was established in 1957 by the National Science Foundation and the American Institute of Biological Sciences as the Conference of Biology Editors (CBE). In 1965, the organization incorporated as the Council of Biology Editors "and soon thereafter expanded membership to include all scientific publishing endeavors from science editors to copy editors." On January 1, 2000, it was renamed the Council of Science Editors. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Writings By Topic
Writing is a medium of human communication which involves the representation of a language through a system of physically inscribed, mechanically transferred, or digitally represented symbols. Writing systems do not themselves constitute human languages (with the debatable exception of computer languages); they are a means of rendering language into a form that can be reconstructed by other humans separated by time and/or space. While not all languages use a writing system, those that do can complement and extend capacities of spoken language by creating durable forms of language that can be transmitted across space (e.g. written correspondence) and stored over time (e.g. libraries or other public records). It has also been observed that the activity of writing itself can have knowledge-transforming effects, since it allows humans to externalize their thinking in forms that are easier to reflect on, elaborate, reconsider, and revise. A system of writing relies on many of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medical Literature
Medical literature is the scientific literature of medicine: articles in journals and texts in books devoted to the field of medicine. Many references to the medical literature include the health care literature generally, including that of dentistry, veterinary medicine, pharmacy, nursing, and the allied health professions. Contemporary and historic views regarding diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of medical conditions have been documented for thousands of years. The Edwin Smith papyrus is the first known medical treatise. Ancient medical literature often described inflictions related to warfare. History Throughout history people have written about diseases, how human beings might contract them and what could be done to remedy it. Medicine ranged from folklore, witchcraft to the current evidence-based medicine. Among the most notable descriptions are texts from Egypt (Imhotep, ''Edwin Smith Papyrus'', '' Ebers Papyrus'', ''Kahun Gynecological Papyrus''), Mesopotamia ('' D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Association Of Medical Editors
The World Association of Medical Editors (abbreviated WAME, pronounced "whammy") is an international, virtual organization of editors of medical journals. It was originally founded in 1995 by a group of members of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), who had grown concerned that the ICMJE had become "too small, self-serving, and exclusive". It was launched on March 16, 1995 in Bellagio, Lombardy, Italy, after a three-day conference was held to discuss ways to enable greater international cooperation between editors of medical journals. The conference was attended by twenty-two editors from thirteen countries, all funded by the Rockefeller Foundation. One of those in attendance was Iain Chalmers Sir Iain Geoffrey Chalmers (born 3 June 1943) is a British health services researcher, one of the founders of the Cochrane Collaboration, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scientific Writing
Scientific writing is writing for science. English-language scientific writing originated in the 14th century, with the language later becoming the dominant medium for the field. Style conventions for scientific writing vary, with different focuses by different style guides on the use of passive versus active voice, personal pronoun use, and article sectioning. Much scientific writing is focused around scientific reports, traditionally structured as an abstract, introduction, methods, results, conclusions, and acknowledgments. History Scientific writing in English started in the 14th century. With the founding in 1665 of the first scientific journal in English, the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, the features of scientific writing gradually evolved from republication of personal letters to freestanding articles, with greater specificity of methods and findings, as well as conclusions to be drawn from evidence. Modern practices of intertextual reference and cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medical Ghostwriting
Medical ghostwriters are employed by pharmaceutical companies and medical-device manufacturers to produce apparently independent manuscripts for peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations and other communications. Physicians and other scientists are paid to attach their names to the manuscripts as though they had authored theThe named authors may have had little or no involvement in the research or writing process. Definitions and rules The American Medical Writers Association speaks to the topic as follows: :"Ghost authoring" refers to making substantial contributions without being identified as an author. "Guest authoring" refers to being named as an author without having made substantial contributions. "Ghostwriting" refers to assisting in presenting the author's work without being acknowledged. The term "ghostwriting" is often used to encompass all three of these practices. The rules for authorship and contribution of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AMWA Journal
The ''AMWA Journal'' is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal and the official publication of the American Medical Writers Association (AMWA). The journal "aims to be the authoritative, comprehensive source of information about knowledge, skills, and opportunities in the field of medical communication worldwide." The current editor is Jim Cozzarin. History The history of the ''AMWA Journal'' is closely tied to the history of the AMWA, which had its roots in the Mississippi Valley Medical Editors Association (MVMEA). The MVMEA published ''The Mississippi Valley Medical Journal'', which became the official journal of AMWA when AMWA absorbed MVMEA. In 1951, the ''Bulletin of the American Medical Writers Association'' was first published quarterly. The ''Bulletin'' continued into the 1960s, but some years saw more issues than others. In 1970 the ''AMWA Newsletter'' was introduced, and the editor wrote that "the inaugural issue benefited from several months of organizational si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Boyd (pathologist)
William Boyd, FRCPath, (June 21, 1885 – March 10, 1979) was a Scottish-Canadian physician, pathologist, academic, and author known for his medical textbooks. Biography William was born in Portsoy, Scotland, the sixth child of Dugald Cameron Boyd (a Presbyterian clergyman) and Eliza Marion (née Butcher) Boyd. Educated at the University of Edinburgh, he graduated M.B. Ch.B. in 1908, M.D. in 1911, and went on to become trained and accredited as a neurologist, psychiatrist, and pathologist. Boyd worked as an attending physician and nominal pathologist at the Derby County Asylum in the English Midlands from 1909–1912, and at Winwick Hospital (another neuropsychiatric facility) from 1912–1913. He was a pathologist at Wolverhampton Royal Infirmary from 1913 to August 1914.Carr I: ''William Boyd: Silver Tongue & Golden Pen''. Fitzhenry & Whiteside Publishers, Markham, Ontario, Canada, 1993. During World War I, Boyd served as a general medical officer in the Royal Army Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Asher
Richard Alan John Asher, FRCP (3 April 1912 – 25 April 1969) was an eminent British endocrinologist and haematologist. As the senior physician responsible for the mental observation ward at the Central Middlesex Hospital he described and named Munchausen syndrome in a 1951 article in ''The Lancet''. Personal life Richard Asher was born to the Reverend Felix Asher and his wife Louise (née Stern). He married Margaret Augusta Eliot at St Pancras' Church, London on 27 July 1943, whereupon his father-in-law gave him a complete set of the ''Oxford English Dictionary'', which doctor and medical ethicist Maurice Pappworth alleged was the source of Asher's "accidental" reputation as a medical etymologist. They had three children: Peter Asher (born 1944), a member of the pop duo Peter & Gordon and later record producer, Jane Asher (born 1946), a film and TV actress and novelist, and Clare Asher (born 1948), a radio actress. Richard Asher's brother Thomas married Margaret's sister ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clifford Frank Hawkins
Clifford Frank Hawkins (1915–1991) was a British gastroenterologist and rheumatologist. Biography After education at Dulwich College, Clifford F. Hawkins studied at the medical school of Guy's Hospital, where he graduated MB BS in 1939. During WWII he served briefly in the RAMC before being invalided out. He then served during the remainder of the war in the EMS. In 1946 he moved to Birmingham, where he was mentored by Lionel Hardy. At Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, he was from 1946 to 1950 a senior registrar and from 1950 to 1981 a consultant physician. From 1951 to 1981 he was a senior lecturer at the University of Birmingham. From 1955 he was also a consultant physician at Droitwich Hospital. He received the Diploma of Anaesthesiology in 1942 and the higher MD in 1946. He was elected FRCP in 1955. He gave in 1970 the Bradshaw Lecture on ''Diarrhoea: changing concepts and new diagnoses''. In 1976 Hawkins and colleagues M. Farr, C. J. Morris, A. M. Hoare, and N. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stephen Lock
Stephen or Steven is a common English first name. It is particularly significant to Christians, as it belonged to Saint Stephen ( grc-gre, Στέφανος ), an early disciple and deacon who, according to the Book of Acts, was stoned to death; he is widely regarded as the first martyr (or "protomartyr") of the Christian Church. In English, Stephen is most commonly pronounced as ' (). The name, in both the forms Stephen and Steven, is often shortened to Steve or Stevie. The spelling as Stephen can also be pronounced which is from the Greek original version, Stephanos. In English, the female version of the name is Stephanie. Many surnames are derived from the first name, including Stephens, Stevens, Stephenson, and Stevenson, all of which mean "Stephen's (son)". In modern times the name has sometimes been given with intentionally non-standard spelling, such as Stevan or Stevon. A common variant of the name used in English is Stephan ; related names that have found some curr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
