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Mayer Authority
The Mayer Authority was the second High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), between 1955 and 1958. Its president was René Mayer of France. There were three more High Authorities before the institutions of the ECSC were merged with those of the European Atomic Energy Community and the European Economic Community in 1967 to become the European Communities. Membership There was a great deal of continuity with the Monnet Authority, in addition to René Mayer of France, as president, the Authority comprised; European NAvigator (ena.lu) Franz Etzel of Germany, First Vice-President (until he resigned on 28 October 1957 *External relations [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High Authority Of The European Coal And Steel Community
The High Authority was the executive branch of the former European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). It was created in 1951 and disbanded in 1967 when it was merged into the European Commission. History The High Authority was at the core of the idea of the ECSC. It was to be an independent, supranational executive checked by a Common Assembly. There were concerns about this power, leading to a Council (of governments) and Parliament (of MPs) to be created to act as a counterweight. The inaugural sitting of the Authority was held in Luxembourg's city hall on 10 August 1952. Jean Monnet, the architect of the ECSC, was elected as its first President. The supranational power exercised by the Authority did prompt suspicion by some, for example the government of France who ensured that in the European Economic Community (EEC) and European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) more power would be in the hands of the council. The Merger Treaty came into force in 1967; this combined the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Coal And Steel Community
The European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was a European organization created after World War II to regulate the coal and steel industries. It was formally established in 1951 by the Treaty of Paris, signed by Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and West Germany. The ECSC was an international organization based on the principle of supranationalism, and started a process of integration which ultimately led to the creation of the European Union. The ECSC was first proposed as the Schuman Declaration by French foreign minister Robert Schuman on the 9th of May 1950 (today's Europe Day of the EU), the day after the fifth anniversary of the end of World War II, as a way to prevent further war between France and Germany. He declared he aimed to "make war not only unthinkable but materially impossible" which was to be achieved by regional integration, of which the ECSC was the first step. The Treaty would create a common market for coal and steel among its membe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
René Mayer
René Mayer (; 4 May 189513 December 1972) was a French Radical politician of the Fourth Republic who served briefly as Prime Minister during 1953. Mayer was born and died in Paris. He led the Mayer Authority from 1955 to 1958. He was France's fourth Prime Minister of Jewish descent (after Léon Blum, Alexandre Millerand and Leon Bourgeois). Mayer's Ministry, 8 January – 28 June 1953 *René Mayer – President of the Council *Henri Queuille – Vice President of the Council *Georges Bidault – Minister of Foreign Affairs *René Pleven – Minister of National Defense and Armed Forces * Charles Brune – Minister of the Interior *Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury – Minister of Finance *Robert Buron – Minister of Economic Affairs *Jean Moreau – Minister of Budget *Jean-Marie Louvel – Minister of Industry and Energy * Paul Bacon – Minister of Labour and Social Security *Léon Martinaud-Déplat – Minister of Justice * André Marie – Minister of National Education *Henry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merger Treaty
The Merger Treaty, also known as the Treaty of Brussels, was a European treaty which unified the executive institutions of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) and the European Economic Community (EEC). The treaty was signed in Brussels on 8 April 1965 and came into force on 1 July 1967. It set out that the Commission of the European Communities should replace the High Authority of the ECSC, the Commission of the EEC and the Commission of Euratom, and that the Council of the European Communities should replace the Special Council of Ministers of the ECSC, the Council of the EEC and the Council of Euratom.EUR-LexTreaty of Brussels (Merger Treaty) updated 21 March 2018, accessed 29 January 2021 Although each Community remained legally independent, they shared common institutions (prior to this treaty, they already shared a Parliamentary Assembly and Court of Justice) and were together known as the European Communities. This trea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Atomic Energy Community
The European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom) is an international organisation established by the Euratom Treaty on 25 March 1957 with the original purpose of creating a specialist market for nuclear power in Europe, by developing nuclear energy and distributing it to its member states while selling the surplus to non-member states. However, over the years its scope has been considerably increased to cover a large variety of areas associated with nuclear power and ionising radiation as diverse as safeguarding of nuclear materials, radiation protection and construction of the International Fusion Reactor ITER. It is legally distinct from the European Union (EU) although it has the same membership, and is governed by many of the EU's institutions; but it is the only remaining community organisation that is independent of the EU and therefore outside the regulatory control of the European Parliament. Since 2014, Switzerland has also participated in Euratom programmes as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Economic Community
The European Economic Community (EEC) was a regional organization created by the Treaty of Rome of 1957,Today the largely rewritten treaty continues in force as the ''Treaty on the functioning of the European Union'', as renamed by the Lisbon Treaty. aiming to foster economic integration among its member states. It was subsequently renamed the European Community (EC) upon becoming integrated into the first pillar of the newly formed European Union in 1993. In the popular language, however, the singular ''European Community'' was sometimes inaccuratelly used in the wider sense of the plural '' European Communities'', in spite of the latter designation covering all the three constituent entities of the first pillar. In 2009, the EC formally ceased to exist and its institutions were directly absorbed by the EU. This made the Union the formal successor institution of the Community. The Community's initial aim was to bring about economic integration, including a common market an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Communities
The European Communities (EC) were three international organizations that were governed by the same set of institutions. These were the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom), and the European Economic Community (EEC); the last of which was renamed the ''European Community'' (''EC'') in 1993 by the Maastricht Treaty establishing the European Union. The European Union was established at that time more as a concept rather than an entity, while the Communities remained the actual subjects of international law impersonating the rather abstract Union, becoming at the same time its first pillar. In the popular language, however, the singular ''European Community'' was sometimes inaccurately used interchangeably with the plural phrase, in the sense of referring to all three entities. The European Coal and Steel Community ceased to exist in 2002 when its founding treaty expired. The European Community was merged with the seco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franz Etzel
Franz Etzel (12 August 1902 – 9 May 1970) was a German politician of the CDU. Etzel was born in Wesel, Rhine Province. From 1949 to 4 January 1953 and from 1957 to 1965 Etzel was member of the German Bundestag. From 1957 to 1961 he was Minister of Finance. He died in Wittlaer by DĂĽsseldorf, aged 67. See also *List of German finance ministers The Minister of Finance of Germany (german: Finanzminister) is the head of the Federal Ministry of Finance and a member of the Federal Cabinet. State Secretaries for Finance of the German Empire (1880–1918) * Adolf Heinrich Wilhelm Schol ... ReferencesFranz Etzel (1902-1970), Bundesminister 1902 births 1970 deaths People from Wesel People from the Rhine Province German Roman Catholics German National People's Party politicians Finance ministers of Germany Members of the Bundestag for North Rhine-Westphalia Members of the Bundestag 1961–1965 Members of the Bundestag 1957–1961 Members of the Bundestag 1949â ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Coppé
Albert Coppé (26 November 1911 in Bruges – 30 March 1999 in Tervuren) was a Belgian and European politician and economist. Biography Born in Bruges on 26 November 1911, Coppé was a founding member of the CVP party and served in the European Commission as Commissioner for Social Affairs, Transport & Budget under the Malfatti & Mansholt Commissions. He also led an interim High Authority in the European Coal and Steel Community in 1967. Coppé died in Tervuren on 30 March 1999. See also *High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community The High Authority was the executive branch of the former European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). It was created in 1951 and disbanded in 1967 when it was merged into the European Commission. History The High Authority was at the core of th ... External links * Thprivate papers and some interviewsINT550 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Finet
Paul Finet (4 November 1897 – 18 May 1965) was a Belgian Belgian may refer to: * Something of, or related to, Belgium * Belgians, people from Belgium or of Belgian descent * Languages of Belgium, languages spoken in Belgium, such as Dutch, French, and German *Ancient Belgian language, an extinct languag ... politician and former General Secretary of FGTB. He served in the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community from 1952 on, chairing it in 1958. From 1958 to 1959, he then headed the Finet Authority. References 1897 births 1965 deaths Belgian European Commissioners Belgian trade unionists Politicians from Charleroi Members of the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community {{EU-org-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dirk Spierenburg
Dirk Pieter Spierenburg was a Dutch politician and diplomat. He was born on 4 February 1909 in RotterdamNetherlands and died on 27 August 2001. He was a member of the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community, serving in the Monnet Authority from 1952 and was in charge of external relations. He later wrote the Spierenburg report on reform in 1979 of the European Commission The European Commission (EC) is the executive of the European Union (EU). It operates as a cabinet government, with 27 members of the Commission (informally known as "Commissioners") headed by a President. It includes an administrative body o ... which was only partly heeded. 1909 births 2001 deaths 20th-century Dutch diplomats Dutch European Commissioners Politicians from Rotterdam Members of the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community Diplomats from Rotterdam {{EU-org-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
